Patents by Inventor Martha L. Gray

Martha L. Gray has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Cell stretching method
    Patent number: 5348879
    Abstract: Disclosed is a method for imparting to a living culture of cells biaxial mechanical forces which approximate the mechanical forces to which cells are subject in vivo. The method utilizes a displacement applicator which may be actuated to contact and stretch a membrane having a living cell culture mounted thereon. Stretching of the membrane imparts biaxial mechanical forces to the cells. These forces may be uniformly applied to the cells, or they may be selectively nonuniformly applied.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 19, 1993
    Date of Patent: September 20, 1994
    Assignees: The General Hospital Corporation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: Alan R. Shapiro, Martha L. Gray, Luis A. Melendez, Jonathan L. Schaffer, Wright John D., Jose G. Venegas
  • Cell stretching apparatus
    Patent number: 5217899
    Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for imparting to a living culture of cells biaxial mechanical forces which approximate the mechanical forces to which cells are subjected in vivo. The apparatus includes a displacement applicator which may be actuated to contact and stretch a membrane having a living cell culture mounted thereon. Stretching of the membrane imparts biaxial mechanical forces to the cells. These forces may be uniformly applied to the cells, or they may be selectively non-uniformly applied.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 24, 1990
    Date of Patent: June 8, 1993
    Assignees: The General Hospital Corporation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: Alan R. Shapiro, Martha L. Gray, Luis A. Melendez, Jonathan L. Schaffer, John D. Wright, Jose G. Venegas
  • Method for the measurment of capacitance, with application to linear measurement of distance
    Patent number: 5189376
    Abstract: A technique for measuring capacitance and displacement, in which two circuits are combined, one that produces a current proportional to capacitance, and another that integrates that current between two reference levels, and supplies an output proportional to the integration time. In preferred embodiments, the first circuit is a capacitive pump circuit, and the second circuit a dual-slope integrator.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 17, 1990
    Date of Patent: February 23, 1993
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: James K. Roberge, Martha L. Gray