Abstract: A module comprises a bus invert encoder (24) for determining whether a set of data bits should be inverted prior to transmission over a communication bus. The bus invert encoder (24) produces a bus invert signal BI which controls a selective inversion means (28), for example a multiplexer. A partial fault detection encoder (32) determines one or more temporary check bits from the set of data bits, substantially in parallel with the bus invert encoder (24). Thus, the one or more temporary check bits are determined based on the assumption that the set of data bits are to be transmitted without inversion from the selective inversion means (28). A logic unit (34) is provided for correcting the one or more temporary check bits, if necessary, based on the bus invert signal produced by the bus invert encoder (24).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated circuit comprising a plurality of bitlines (b1) and a plurality of word-lines (w1) as well as a plurality of memory-cells (MC) coupled between a separate bit-line/word-line pair of the plurality of bit-lines (b1) and wordlines (w1) for storing data in the memory cell. Each memory cell (MC) comprises a selecting unit (T) and a programmable resistance (R). The value of the phase-change resistance (R) is greater than the value of a first phase-change resistance (Ropt) defined by a supply voltage (Vdd) divided by a maximum drive current (Im) through said first phase-change resistor (Ropt).

Abstract: The invention relates to a color-tunable illumination system (10), to a lamp and to a luminaire. The color-tunable illumination system comprises a light source (20) emitting light of a first predefined color (B), and comprises a luminescent material (30) for converting light of the first predefined color into light of a second predefined color (A). The color-tunable illumination system further comprises shielding means (40, 42) arranged for preventing at least part of the light emitted by the light source to impinge on the luminescent material. The light source, the luminescent material and/or the shielding means are changeable from a first situation to a second situation. In the first situation the color-tunable illumination system is arranged for shielding at least part of the luminescent material against impinging light of the first predefined color.

Abstract: An LED light source for LCD backlighting is described that recalibrates itself over time so that color and brightness uniformity across the backlight is maintained over the life of the backlight. The backlight contains clusters of red, green, and blue LEDs, each cluster generating a white point. In one embodiment, each color in a cluster has its own controllable driver so that the brightness of each color is a cluster is separately controllable. One or more optical sensors are arranged in the backlight, and the sensor signals are detected by processing circuitry to sense the light output of any LEDs that are energized in a single cluster. The measured white point and flux are compared to a stored target white point value and flux for that cluster. The currents to the RGB LEDs are then automatically adjusted to achieve the target level for each cluster. This process is applied to each cluster in sequence until the recalibration is complete.

Abstract: Various techniques are described for improving the color uniformity across a backlight for backlighting an LCD. In one embodiment, the backlight uses rows of red, green, and blue LEDs in a mixing chamber. The LEDs are arranged in clusters, such as GRBG or GBRG, each cluster having an associated white point. In order to achieve color uniformity along the left and right edges of the backlight, the LEDs in those edge clusters are specially selected to compensate for the color imbalance in the white point relative to the dimensions of the cluster. For example, a non-compensated cluster of GRBG along the left edge will produce a reddish tint along the left edge since the red peak intensity is to the left of the center of the cluster. To offset this reddish tint along the left side, the cluster's overall white point is blue-cyan shifted.

Abstract: A phase change resistor device has a phase change material (PCM) for which the phase transition occurs inside the PCM and not at the interface with a contact electrode. For ease of manufacturing the PCM is an elongate line structure (210, 215) surrounded by the conductive electrode portions (200, 240) at its lateral sides, and is formed in a CMOS backend process. An alternative is to form the device coupled directly to other circuit parts without the electrodes. In each case, there is a line of PCM which has a constant diameter or cross section, formed with reduced dimensions by using a spacer as a hard mask. The first contact electrode and the second contact electrode are electrically connected by a “one dimensional” layer of the PCM. The contact resistance between the one-dimensional layer of PCM and the first contact electrode at the second contact electrode is lower than the resistance of a central or intervening portion of the line.

Abstract: Various techniques are described for improving the color uniformity across a backlight for backlighting an LCD. In one embodiment, the backlight uses rows of red, green, and blue LEDs in a mixing chamber. The LEDs are arranged in clusters, such as GRBG or GBRG, each cluster having an associated white point. In order to achieve color uniformity along the left and right edges of the backlight, the LEDs in those edge clusters are specially selected to compensate for the color imbalance in the white point relative to the dimensions of the cluster. For example, a non-compensated cluster of GRBG along the left edge will produce a reddish tint along the left edge since the red peak intensity is to the left of the center of the cluster. To offset this reddish tint along the left side, the cluster's overall white point is blue-cyan shifted.

Abstract: An LED light source for LCD backlighting is described that recalibrates itself over time so that color and brightness uniformity across the backlight is maintained over the life of the backlight. The backlight contains clusters of red, green, and blue LEDs, each cluster generating a white point. In one embodiment, each color in a cluster has its own controllable driver so that the brightness of each color is a cluster is separately controllable. One or more optical sensors are arranged in the backlight, and the sensor signals are detected by processing circuitry to sense the light output of any LEDs that are energized in a single cluster. The measured white point and flux are compared to a stored target white point value and flux for that cluster. The currents to the RGB LEDs are then automatically adjusted to achieve the target level for each cluster. This process is applied to each cluster in sequence until the recalibration is complete.

Abstract: A low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp is provided with a discharge vessel (10) enclosing a discharge space (11) containing a filling of mercury and a rare gas, an amalgam (63) which communicates with the discharge space (11), and means for maintaining an electric discharge in the discharge vessel (10). The amalgam (63) comprises a Bi:Sn content in the range of 80:20≦Bi:Sn≦20:80, a Pb content in the range of 0.7<Pb≦12 at % and a Hg content in the range of 0.05≦Hg≦2 at %. For compact fluorescent discharge lamps, the amalgam (63) preferably comprises 70:30≦Bi:Sn≦30:70, 1≦Pb≦10 at % and 0.25≦Hg≦1.2 at %. For electrodeless low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps, the amalgam preferably comprises 70:30≦Bi:Sn≦30:70, 1≦Pb≦10 at % and 0.05≦Hg≦0.5 at %.