Abstract: A particle sensor for detecting particles in a flow of a measuring gas for detecting soot particles in an exhaust gas channel of a burner or of an internal combustion engine. The particle sensor includes a device for generating or for supplying laser light, a device for focusing laser light, and a device for detecting or transferring thermal radiation. The particle sensor includes at least one optical access, which separates an area exposed to the measuring gas from an area facing away from the measuring gas not exposed to the measuring gas, the device for generating or supplying laser light and/or the device for detecting or for transferring thermal radiation being situated in the area facing away from the measuring gas, wherein the particle sensor removes a sub-flow from the measuring gas flow and supplies it to the laser focus and further fluidically shields the optical access from the sub-flow.

Abstract: A method (200) for operating a combustion engine (120) with a particle filter (130) is disclosed, wherein an exhaust gas flow of the combustion engine (120) is passed through the particle filter (130), a particle concentration in the exhaust gas flow is measured (220) downstream of the particle filter (130) and the combustion engine is operated at least depending on the measured particle concentration downstream of the particle filter.

Abstract: A particle sensor for detecting particles in a flow of a measuring gas for detecting soot particles in an exhaust gas channel of a burner or of an internal combustion engine. The particle sensor includes a device for generating or for supplying laser light, a device for focusing laser light, and a device for detecting or transferring thermal radiation. The particle sensor includes at least one optical access, which separates an area exposed to the measuring gas from an area facing away from the measuring gas not exposed to the measuring gas, the device for generating or supplying laser light and/or the device for detecting or for transferring thermal radiation being situated in the area facing away from the measuring gas, wherein the particle sensor removes a sub-flow from the measuring gas flow and supplies it to the laser focus and further fluidically shields the optical access from the sub-flow.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a capability of an exhaust-gas analyzer probe in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine operated with lean combustion to measure rich gas. Exhaust gas is diffused in the exhaust-gas analyzer probe from the exhaust passage via a diffusion barrier into a measuring cavity of the exhaust-gas analyzer probe, and with the aid of a pump cell having an inner pump electrode and a second pump electrode, by applying a pump voltage between the electrodes, oxygen is pumped into or out of the measuring cavity according to a flowing pump current. During a lean operation mode of the internal combustion engine, the pumping direction of the pump cell is reversed during a diagnostic phase and oxygen is pumped into the measuring cavity, and the capability of the exhaust-gas analyzer probe to measure rich gas is inferred from the pump current and/or the pump voltage.

Abstract: A gas sensor for determining at least one constituent or at least one property of a measuring gas, in particular, of an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, including a sensor element. An outer protective tube of the gas sensor includes at least one inlet opening for measuring gas to enter into an outer chamber, the at least one inlet opening includes at least one swirl element for forming a vortex about the longitudinal direction in the outer chamber. The outer chamber protrudes distally beyond a housing in the longitudinal direction by an outer chamber longitudinal extent and an inner chamber protrudes distally beyond the housing in the longitudinal direction by an inner chamber longitudinal extent, and the outer chamber longitudinal extent being at least twice as large as the inner chamber longitudinal extent.

Abstract: A method and device for diagnosing a measuring ability of an exhaust gas sensor in an exhaust gas channel of an internal combustion engine. A sensor design including a storage volume in a reference gas channel, at least one first electrode facing an electrode cavity connected to the exhaust gas channel, and a second electrode facing the reference gas channel is used as the exhaust gas sensor. Such a high voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode during a first phase that the reference gas channel is filled with additional oxygen as a result of decomposition of water and/or carbon dioxide, and a pump current from the first electrode to the second electrode is used to evaluate the measuring ability during a second phase.

Abstract: A device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas, having: a gas inlet for providing the gas into an exchange region, a gas outlet for retrieving the gas from the exchange region, a liquid inlet connected to a reservoir for holding the liquid. The reservoir is formed with an opening in an upper region of the reservoir, the reservoir is arranged at an upper end of the exchange region, an impounding basin. The impounding basin is arranged below the reservoir, the impounding basin is formed with a liquid outlet, and an exchange element arranged in the exchange region. An upper part of the exchange element is disposed through the opening of the reservoir such that the upper part of the exchange element is arranged at least partially inside the reservoir and such that the upper part of the exchange element is at least partially submerged in the liquid.

Abstract: A system (S) for regulating temperature and humidity in an enclosure (20), including: a thermal storage (5), a desiccant fluid (F), a second fluid (F?) consisting at least partially of water, wherein the second fluid (F?) includes an equilibrium humidity above the liquid desiccant, and a first and a second trickle element (1, 2), wherein the system (S) includes a first cycle (3), which is configured to supply the desiccant fluid (F) to an inlet (I) of the first trickle element (1), to let the desiccant fluid (F) pass a surface of a heat exchanger (6) for transferring heat between said first cycle (3) and a second fluid cycle (4) containing said second fluid (F?), and to pass back the desiccant fluid (F) to the inlet (I) of the first trickle element (1), wherein in said second cycle (4) the second fluid (F?) is supplied to an inlet (I?) of the second trickle element (2) and a run back (R) is connected to the inlet (I) of the second trickle element (2) after passing the surface of the heat exchanger (6), wherei

Abstract: A method and device for diagnosing a measuring ability of an exhaust gas sensor in an exhaust gas channel of an internal combustion engine. A sensor design including a storage volume in a reference gas channel, at least one first electrode facing an electrode cavity connected to the exhaust gas channel, and a second electrode facing the reference gas channel is used as the exhaust gas sensor. Such a high voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode during a first phase that the reference gas channel is filled with additional oxygen as a result of decomposition of water and/or carbon dioxide, and a pump current from the first electrode to the second electrode is used to evaluate the measuring ability during a second phase.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a capability of an exhaust-gas analyzer probe in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine operated with lean combustion to measure rich gas. Exhaust gas is diffused in the exhaust-gas analyzer probe from the exhaust passage via a diffusion barrier into a measuring cavity of the exhaust-gas analyzer probe, and with the aid of a pump cell having an inner pump electrode and a second pump electrode, by applying a pump voltage between the electrodes, oxygen is pumped into or out of the measuring cavity according to a flowing pump current. During a lean operation mode of the internal combustion engine, the pumping direction of the pump cell is reversed during a diagnostic phase and oxygen is pumped into the measuring cavity, and the capability of the exhaust-gas analyzer probe to measure rich gas is inferred from the pump current and/or the pump voltage.

Abstract: The invention relates to System (S) for regulating temperature and humidity in an enclosure (20), comprising: a thermal storage (5), a desiccant fluid (F), a second fluid (F?) consisting at least partially of water, wherein the second fluid (F?) comprises an equilibrium humidity above the liquid desiccant, and a first and a second trickle element (1, 2), wherein the system (S) comprises a first cycle (3), which is configured to supply the desiccant fluid (F) to an inlet (I) of the first trickle element (1), to let the desiccant fluid (F) pass a surface of a heat exchanger (6) for transferring heat between said first cycle (3) and a second fluid cycle (4) containing said second fluid (F?), and to pass back the desiccant fluid (F) to the inlet (I) of the first trickle element (1), wherein in said second cycle (4) the second fluid (F?) is supplied to an inlet (I?) of the second trickle element (2) and a run back (R) is connected to the inlet (I) of the second trickle element (2) after passing the surface of the

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust gas sensor, which has at least two electrodes, between which a pump current flows and between which a pump voltage occurs, said sensor being operated with a nominal operating temperature and a low temperature operation being intermittently provided at said sensor, wherein the temperature of the exhaust gas sensor is less with respect to the nominal operating temperature, and a device for carrying out the method are proposed. Provision is made according to the invention for the pump voltage to be acquired and for the low temperature operation to be influenced by the pump voltage.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust gas sensor, which has at least two electrodes, between which a pump current flows and between which a pump voltage occurs, said sensor being operated with a nominal operating temperature and a low temperature operation being intermittently provided at said sensor, wherein the temperature of the exhaust gas sensor is less with respect to the nominal operating temperature, and a device for carrying out the method are proposed. Provision is made according to the invention for the pump voltage to be acquired and for the low temperature operation to be influenced by the pump voltage.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having at least two combustion chambers, the internal combustion engine having at least one sensor for detecting a parameter partially characterizing the course of combustion, in particular a parameter correlating with an internal combustion chamber pressure. The sensor is situated in a region of the internal combustion engine between two mutually adjacent combustion chambers.

Abstract: In a method for indirectly ascertaining the cylinder pressure during the operation of piston engines by measuring cylinder pressure-dependent parameters at crankshaft bearings of the piston engine, one essential feature is that the force which is introduced by the main bearings of the crankshaft into an engine housing is measured. For performing the method, sensors for obtaining cylinder pressure-correlating signals are disposed on the bearing screws, and that the signals generated by the sensors are carried to the outside.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having at least two combustion chambers, the internal combustion engine having at least one sensor for detecting a parameter partially characterizing the course of combustion, in particular a parameter correlating with an internal combustion chamber pressure. The sensor is situated in a region of the internal combustion engine between two mutually adjacent combustion chambers.

Abstract: In a method for indirectly ascertaining the cylinder pressure during the operation of piston engines by measuring cylinder pressure-dependent parameters at crankshaft bearings of the piston engine, one essential feature is that the force which is introduced by the main bearings of the crankshaft into an engine housing is measured. For performing the method, sensors for obtaining cylinder pressure-correlating signals are disposed on the bearing screws, and that the signals generated by the sensors are carried to the outside.

Abstract: An arrangement (600) and method for frequency domain compensation of OFDM signals with IQ imbalance by converting IQ signals to the frequency domain (610); and providing imbalance compensation and channel equalization means (620) and therewith, in the frequency domain, compensating for IQ imbalance in the IQ signals and providing channel equalization thereto. Adaptive equalization is used to adapt filter coefficients, allowing IQ imbalance compensation and channel equalization to be achieved simultaneously in a simple and elegant manner.