Abstract: Various shaped abrasive particles are disclosed. Each shaped abrasive particle includes a body having at least one major surface and a side surface extending from the major surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound according to Formula (1c) or (1d): wherein, R1; R2; R3 and R6 are defined herein, and their use in methods of nucleic acid synthesis.

Abstract: Aspects of the present application relate to process for the preparation of Pyrrolidine derivatives useful as key intermediates for active ingredients. Specific aspects relate to alternate process for the preparation of Upadacitinib intermediate, 4-ethylpyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, its ester or a salt thereof. Processes disclosed here in are cost effective and industrially viable as compared to known processes.

Abstract: Present application relates to the process for the preparation of 1-(3-Ethoxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-2-methanesulf-onyl-ethylamine of the formula (II), its resolution and its use in preparation of Apremilast of formula (I), process for the preparation of crystalline form B of apremilast, process for preparation of amorphous form of apremilast and the crystalline form of (S)-1-(3-Eth-oxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-2-methanesulfonyl-ethylamine of the formula (Va).

Abstract: Systems and methods provide a mechanism to create and traverse inter-document links involving embedded documents. One aspect of the systems and methods includes creating and traversing inter-document links to and from documents that are embedded in a host document. A further aspect of the systems and methods includes creating and traversing inter-document links to an from documents that may be embedded at more than one level in an embedded document hierarchy. A still further aspect of the systems and methods includes creating and traversing inter-document links from a first document to an embedded document in a second document.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide a mechanism to create and traverse inter-document links involving embedded documents. One aspect of the systems and methods includes creating and traversing inter-document links to and from documents that are embedded in a host document. A further aspect of the systems and methods includes creating and traversing inter-document links to an from documents that may be embedded at more than one level in an embedded document hierarchy. A still further aspect of the systems and methods includes creating and traversing inter-document links from a first document to an embedded document in a second document.

Abstract: A method for optimizing an LED lighting system cost includes steps of determining LED costs, power source costs, and total costs associated with a plurality of LED quantities, and identifying a lowest total cost as an optimal cost. A LED lighting system includes an LED operated by a constant-current driver at less than its maximum current capacity. A programmable controller including a feedback routine is used to compensate for intensity drift as an LED ages. Other embodiments of LED lighting systems include multiple LEDs producing light having various spectrums to optimize the lighting system efficiency and the effectiveness. A charge controller including an MPPT routine is advantageously employed with a LED lighting system powered by a limited-capacity power source.

Abstract: A method for optimizing an LED lighting system cost includes steps of determining LED costs, power source costs, and total costs associated with a plurality of LED quantities, and identifying a lowest total cost as an optimal cost. A LED lighting system includes an LED operated by a constant-current driver at less than its maximum current capacity. A programmable controller including a feedback routine is used to compensate for intensity drift as an LED ages. Other embodiments of LED lighting systems include multiple LEDs producing light having various spectrums to optimize the lighting system efficiency and the effectiveness. A charge controller including an MPPT routine is advantageously employed with a LED lighting system powered by a limited-capacity power source.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an apparatus for the collection and conversion of light energy including a collector element defining the shape of a pentagon, and a concentrator including a plurality of pentagon shaped reflector elements symmetrically arranged around the collector element. Each of the reflector elements being disposed at an angle relative to a plane of the collector element and having an edge thereof substantially aligned with and adjacent one of the sides of the collector element.

Abstract: A system for providing enhanced digital images includes an image receiving device for accepting at least one digital image and obtaining digital information therefrom; a computer program product comprising machine readable instructions stored on machine readable media, the instructions for providing enhanced digital images by performing upon the at least one digital image at least one of: a minimum directional derivative search, a multi-channel median boosted anisotropic diffusion, an non-homogeneous anisotropic diffusion technique and a pixel compounding technique.

Abstract: A method for optimizing an LED lighting system cost includes steps of determining LED costs, power source costs, and total costs associated with a plurality of LED quantities, and identifying a lowest total cost as an optimal cost. A LED lighting system includes an LED operated by a constant-current driver at less than its maximum current capacity. A programmable controller including a feedback routine is used to compensate for intensity drift as an LED ages. Other embodiments of LED lighting systems include multiple LEDs producing light having various spectrums to optimize the lighting system efficiency and the effectiveness. A charge controller including an MPPT routine is advantageously employed with a LED lighting system powered by a limited-capacity power source.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, implementing and using techniques for customizing a graphical function display. In one aspect, the invention features operations to customize a toolbar graphically representing tools including one or more groups of tools. A tool is represented by an icon on the toolbar, and a group of tools is represented by one or more icons on the toolbar. In response to user input, an icon representing a group of tools can be replaced with all or a subset of icons representing tools in the group of tools. Similarly, in response to user input, a plurality of icons representing tools in a group of tools can be replaced with an icon representing the group of tools and can also represent a tool in the group of tools.

Abstract: A surgical instrument and method for aspirating and irrigating material within a posterior capsule of an eye, including an elongated hollow tube member having a tip portion with a fluid conduit extending therethrough to a region of the tip thereof, a sleeve member surrounding the tube member in a direction of elongation of the tube member so as to define an annular space between the sleeve and the tube member, an irrigation supply for conveying an irrigation fluid through the hollow of the tube member to flow to the region of the capsule to be irrigated, vacuum for aspirating fluid from the interior of the capsule to flow through the annular space, and flow controls to selectively reverse the direction of fluid flow through the irrigation supply and the vacuum so that irrigation and aspiration take place through the annular space and the hollow tube, respectively.