Abstract: Described is a vehicle door actuating apparatus (100). The vehicle door actuating apparatus (100) includes an actuating surface (106), a sensor (140), such as an inductive sensor or switch, and a mechanism for transmitting a compressive force applied by a user to the actuating surface (106) into a movement that is detectable by the sensor. The mechanism includes a first component (111) or a first component group on which the switch (140) is at least partially fixed and a transmission element (120) that is pivotally arranged on the first component (111) or the first component group. The transmission element (120) is pivotable between a home position in which the sensor (140) is not triggered by the transmission element (120) and an actuating position in which the sensor (140) is triggered by the transmission element (120). The transmission element (120) is movable relative to the actuating apparatus (102).

Abstract: A test element analysis system for analytical examination of a sample. The system comprises a measurement device, which comprises a test element receptacle for receiving at least one test element at least partially, wherein the receptacle comprises at least one first and at least one second part, wherein the first part comprises at least one support surface for placement of the test element, wherein the second part comprises at least one optical detector for detecting at least one detection reaction of at least one test chemical contained in the test element, wherein the second part is movable relative to the first part, wherein the receptacle is configured to position the second part such that a test element may be inserted into the receptacle and to subsequently position the second part in a closed position such that at least one abutment surface of the second part rests on the test element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a membrane electrode assembly (15) for a fuel cell (10), comprising a membrane (11) on each side of which is disposed a catalytic layer (12, 13), and on this a gas diffusion layer (30). It is provided that the gas diffusion layer (30) comprises a layer with electrically conductive particles (35), and a portion of the particles (35) is arranged directly adjacent to the catalytic layer (12, 13).

Abstract: A test element analysis system for analytical examination of a sample. The system comprises a measurement device, which comprises a test element receptacle for receiving at least one test element at least partially, wherein the receptacle comprises at least one first and at least one second part, wherein the first part comprises at least one support surface for placement of the test element, wherein the second part comprises at least one optical detector for detecting at least one detection reaction of at least one test chemical contained in the test element, wherein the second part is movable relative to the first part, wherein the receptacle is configured to position the second part such that a test element may be inserted into the receptacle and to subsequently position the second part in a closed position such that at least one abutment surface of the second part rests on the test element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a membrane electrode assembly (15) for a fuel cell (10), comprising a membrane (11) on each side of which is disposed a catalytic layer (12, 13), and on this a gas diffusion layer (30). It is provided that the gas diffusion layer (30) comprises a layer with electrically conductive particles (35), and a portion of the particles (35) is arranged directly adjacent to the catalytic layer (12, 13).

Abstract: A device for generating a virtual light image. The device includes a real light source, a curved retroreflector surface, and a semi-transparent mirror. The retroreflector surface is situated so that the light of the real light source transmitted through the semi-transparent mirror does not reach the retroreflector surface. A shape of the retroreflector surface for a given visibility range, at least in a subregion of the area that is essential for the image in the visibility range, is determined by the fact that at each point of the subregion, the pair of a reflection angle A and an optical distance between this point of the subregion of the retroreflector surface and the virtual light image is Pareto-minimal, provided that the subregion of the retroreflector surface does not interrupt primary beams from the real light source to the semi-transparent mirror.

Abstract: A device for generating a virtual light image. The device includes a real light source, a curved retroreflector surface, and a semi-transparent mirror. The retroreflector surface is situated so that the light of the real light source transmitted through the semi-transparent mirror does not reach the retroreflector surface. A shape of the retroreflector surface for a given visibility range, at least in a subregion of the area that is essential for the image in the visibility range, is determined by the fact that at each point of the subregion, the pair of a reflection angle A and an optical distance between this point of the subregion of the retroreflector surface and the virtual light image is Pareto-minimal, provided that the subregion of the retroreflector surface does not interrupt primary beams from the real light source to the semi-transparent mirror.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the simplified, physically correct representation of flexible elongate volume objects. The volume object is divided up into sections and each section begins and ends with an interaction point and is connected to an adjacent section by means of said point. Each interaction point has six degrees of freedom and the physical properties of the sections are defined according to several factors. The invention also relates to obtained experimental values which are used to represent another elongate volume object using a model function.

Abstract: A method for the heat treatment of workpieces made of steel or cast iron involves quenching the workpiece to a temperature above the martensite starting temperature (i.e., the temperature below which martensite is formed) after a holding period at or above the austenitizing temperature. In the ensuing time period, austenite is transformed into bainite. The temperature of the workpiece is reduced during the time period when transformation occurs and the transformation of austenite into bainite is thus continued.