Abstract: A Headend system including a encoder to encode input data yielding a plurality of data packets, each of the packets having a header and a payload, a post encoding processor to identify ones of the data packets having a payload with a suspected known plaintext, and modify at least some of the identified packets, and an encryption processor to encrypt at least some of the data packets yielding encrypted data packets. Related apparatus and methods are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved process for the production of a sugar alcohol from the corresponding sugar through catalytic hydrogenation. Especially, the invention relates to a process for reducing the interference of sugar-derived aldonic acids in the hydrogenation process by adjusting the hydrogenation conditions so that the activity of the catalyst is maintained. In one embodiment of the invention, the process of the invention is carried out by adjusting the hydrogenation temperature by starting the hydrogenation at a lower temperature and then gradually rising the temperature to the final hydrogenation temperature. In another embodiment of the invention, the process of the invention is carried out by adding small-molecular monocarboxylic acids to the hydrogenation solution.

Abstract: A Headend system including a encoder to encode input data yielding a plurality of data packets, each of the packets having a header and a payload, a post encoding processor to identify ones of the data packets having a payload with a suspected known plaintext, and modify at least some of the identified packets, and an encryption processor to encrypt at least some of the data packets yielding encrypted data packets. Related apparatus and methods are also described.

Abstract: A data modeling method for modeling data for an electronic program guide (EPG) at a broadcast headend is described.

Abstract: A data modeling method for modeling data for an electronic program guide (EPG) at a broadcast headend is described.

Abstract: A data modeling method for modeling data for an electronic program guide (EPG) at a broadcast headend is described.

Abstract: A method and system of optimizing strings comprised in program guide data for transmission is described. The method includes sharing, in the program guide data, a plurality of strings, each string among the plurality of strings including a shared sorting key, implementing an order access of a sorted sharing index, wherein the program guide data and the shared sorting key are comprised in the same data storage structure. Related methods and apparatus are also described.

Abstract: A data modeling method for modeling data for an electronic program guide (EPG) at a broadcast headend is described.

Abstract: A method and system of optimizing strings comprised in program guide data for transmission is described. The method includes sharing, in the program guide data, a plurality of strings, each string among the plurality of strings including a shared sorting key, implementing an order access of a sorted sharing index, wherein the program guide data and the shared sorting key are comprised in the same data storage structure. Related methods and apparatus are also described.

Abstract: A data modeling method for modeling data for an electronic program guide (EPG) at a broadcast headend is described.

Abstract: A method and system of optimizing strings comprised in program guide data for transmission is described. The method includes sharing, in the program guide data, a plurality of strings, each string among the plurality of strings including a shared sorting key, implementing an order access of a sorted sharing index, wherein the program guide data and the shared sorting key are comprised in the same data storage structure. Related methods and apparatus are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved process for the production of a sugar alcohol from the corresponding sugar through catalytic hydrogenation. Especially, the invention relates to a process for reducing the interference of sugar-derived aldonic acids in the hydrogenation process by adjusting the hydrogenation conditions so that the activity of the catalyst is maintained. In one embodiment of the invention, the process of the invention is carried out by adjusting the hydrogenation temperature by starting the hydrogenation at a lower temperature and then gradually rising the temperature to the final hydrogenation temperature. In another embodiment of the invention, the process of the invention is carried out by adding small-molecular monocarboxylic acids to the hydrogenation solution.

Abstract: Transmission synchronization and bandwidth adjustment in a broadcast system are described. At least one service tool in the broadcast system supplies service information useful for selecting, from a series of broadcast events, broadcast events to be viewed by subscribers of the broadcast system. A conditional access (CA) unit in the broadcast system applies conditional access attributes to the series of broadcast events. Transmission synchronizing apparatus in the broadcast system synchronizes the CA unit and the at least one service tool by instructing the CA unit to blackout a particular event from the series of broadcast events to subscribers that are refused access to the particular event and instructing the at least one service tool to provide a replacement service to the subscribers that are refused access to the particular event.

Abstract: In a method of receiving packets of data addressed to one or more receivers each having an individual identifier, wherein the data is included in a digital signal having destination addresses successively encrypted from a sequence of control words and receiver identifiers, and control messages containing the control words in encrypted form, address flags and control flags. The method processes the control messages to construct receiver addresses from the control words and the receiver identifier; directs the receiver addresses to update a receiver address register selected by the associated control flag in response to the transmitted control flags; directs each destination address to be compared with the receiver address to one of the address registers selected by the associated address flag in response to the address flags and; accepts each packet of data having a destination address matching the receiver address to which it was compared.