Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the gain and phase of an input signal input to a power amplifier comprises a gain control loop configured to control the gain of the input signal based on power levels of the input signal and an amplified signal output by the power amplifier, to obtain a predetermined gain of the amplified signal, and a phase control loop configured to obtain an error signal related to a phase difference between a first signal derived from the input and a second signal derived from the amplified signal, and control the phase based on the error signal, to obtain a predetermined phase of the amplified signal. The phase control loop delays the first signal such that the delayed first signal and the second signal used to obtain the error signal correspond to the same part of the input signal. The apparatus may be included in a satellite.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the gain and phase of an input signal input to a power amplifier comprises a gain control loop configured to control the gain of the input signal based on power levels of the input signal and an amplified signal output by the power amplifier, to obtain a predetermined gain of the amplified signal, and a phase control loop configured to obtain an error signal related to a phase difference between a first signal derived from the input and a second signal derived from the amplified signal, and control the phase based on the error signal, to obtain a predetermined phase of the amplified signal. The phase control loop delays the first signal such that the delayed first signal and the second signal used to obtain the error signal correspond to the same part of the input signal. The apparatus may be included in a satellite.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the gain and phase of an input signal input to a power amplifier comprises a gain control loop configured to control the gain of the input signal based on power levels of the input signal and an amplified signal output by the power amplifier, to obtain a predetermined gain of the amplified signal, and a phase control loop configured to obtain an error signal related to a phase difference between a first signal derived from the input and a second signal derived from the amplified signal, and control the phase based on the error signal, to obtain a predetermined phase of the amplified signal. The phase control loop delays the first signal such that the delayed first signal and the second signal used to obtain the error signal correspond to the same part of the input signal. The apparatus may be included in a satellite.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the gain and phase of an input signal input to a power amplifier comprises a gain control loop configured to control the gain of the input signal based on power levels of the input signal and an amplified signal output by the power amplifier, to obtain a predetermined gain of the amplified signal, and a phase control loop configured to obtain an error signal related to a phase difference between a first signal derived from the input and a second signal derived from the amplified signal, and control the phase based on the error signal, to obtain a predetermined phase of the amplified signal. The phase control loop delays the first signal such that the delayed first signal and the second signal used to obtain the error signal correspond to the same part of the input signal. The apparatus may be included in a satellite.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the gain and phase of an input signal input to a power amplifier comprises a gain control loop configured to control the gain of the input signal based on power levels of the input signal and an amplified signal output by the power amplifier, to obtain a predetermined gain of the amplified signal, and a phase control loop configured to obtain an error signal related to a phase difference between a first signal derived from the input and a second signal derived from the amplified signal, and control the phase based on the error signal, to obtain a predetermined phase of the amplified signal. The phase control loop delays the first signal, such that the delayed first signal and the second signal used to obtain the error signal correspond to the same part of the input signal. The apparatus may be included in a satellite.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the gain and phase of an input signal input to a power amplifier comprises a gain control loop configured to control the gain of the input signal based on power levels of the input signal and an amplified signal output by the power amplifier, to obtain a predetermined gain of the amplified signal, and a phase control loop configured to obtain an error signal related to a phase difference between a first signal derived from the input and a second signal derived from the amplified signal, and control the phase based on the error signal, to obtain a predetermined phase of the amplified signal. The phase control loop delays the first signal, such that the delayed first signal and the second signal used to obtain the error signal correspond to the same part of the input signal. The apparatus may be included in a satellite.

Abstract: A power amplifier comprising input means for receiving signals at a plurality of different frequencies; a power transistor for amplifying received signals; first circuitry connected at one end to said power transistor and at another end to a relatively low frequency shorting circuitry, said first circuitry being such that said another end is an open circuit to said different frequencies, said first circuitry having a length which is substantially less than a quarter wavelength of said different frequencies.

Abstract: A power amplifier comprising input means for receiving signals at a plurality of different frequencies; a power transistor for amplifying received signals; first circuitry connected at one end to said power transistor and at another end to a relatively low frequency shorting circuitry, said first circuitry being such that said another end is an open circuit to said different frequencies, said first circuitry having a length which is substantially less than a quarter wavelength of said different frequencies.

Abstract: Bimetallic plate is produced by providing a substrate of a first metal and, with the preheated substrate positioned in a mold cavity with a major surface of the substrate facing upwardly and to fill a portion of the depth of the cavity, a second metal is cast against that surface to form a cladding component and, with the substrate, to form the bimetallic plate. Prior to the cladding being cast, the major surface is rendered substantially oxide-free and is protected against oxidation. The cladding is cast by a melt, of a composition required for it, being poured at a superheated temperature whereby, with the preheating of the substrate, an overall heat energy balance is achieved between the substrate and the cladding.

Abstract: A method and circuitry for a transmitter is disclosed. The transmitter is adapted for transmission of signals based on at least two different transmission modes. In the method a signal to be transmitted in accordance with a selected transmission mode is input in a single path (1) comprising amplifier means (10). Based on the selected transmission mode, the waveform of the signal is shaped by combining at least two waveforms. The mode of at least one component on the signal path is switched between said at least two transmission modes by means of a switching circuit (50).

Abstract: Bimetallic plate is produced by providing a substrate of a first metal and, with the preheated substrate positioned in a mold cavity with a major surface of the substrate facing upwardly and to fill a portion of the depth of the cavity, a second metal is cast against that surface to form a cladding component and, with the substrate, to form the bimetallic plate. Prior to the cladding being cast, the major surface is rendered substantially oxide-free and is protected against oxidation. The cladding is cast by a melt, of a composition required for it, being poured at a superheated temperature whereby, with the preheating of the substrate, an overall heat energy balance is achieved between the substrate and the cladding.