Abstract: This invention relates to a process of producing oxyacids of chlorine or salts of such acids by an electrolysis of salt solutions which are contaminated with calcium and/or magnesium or of sea water. In such processes, deposits or crusts are formed on the electrodes in the course of time, particularly in the cells to which the sea water is supplied first. For this reason, the plant must be cleaned from time to time. By means of the invention, a formation of crusts is virtually prevented in that the electrolysis is carried out(a) in an initial phase with an electrolyte flowing at a velocity above 0.7 meter per second and up to 2.0 meters per second and(b) in a succeeding phase with an electrolyte flowing at a velocity of 0.3 meter per second to less than 0.7 meter per second,the velocity of flow being stated for electrolyte which is free from gas.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of producing oxyacids of chlorine or salts of such acids by an electrolysis of salt solutions which are contaminated with calcium and/or magnesium or of sea water. In such processes, deposits or crusts are formed on the electrodes in the course of time, particularly in the cells to which the sea water is supplied first. For this reason, the plant must be cleaned from time to time. By means of the invention, a formation of crusts is virtually prevented in that the electrolysis is carried out(a) in an initial phase with an electrolyte flowing at a velocity above 0.7 meter per second and up to 2.0 meters per second and(b) in a succeeding phase with an electrolyte flowing at a velocity of 0.3 meter per second to less than 0.7 meter per second,the velocity of flow being stated for electrolyte which is free from gas.

Abstract: A process for supplying a liquid such as a liquid containing chlorine to a stream of another liquid such as a cooling water stream is disclosed wherein the stream to which the liquid is fed is passed in a generally horizontally disposed conduit and the liquid being fed thereto is introduced into a stationary manifold disposed thereabove which manifold is in fluid communication with the plurality of vertically disposed discharge hoses of differing lengths each of which has an outlet opening, the oulet opening is being substantially evenly distributed throughout the cross-section of the conduit. Also disclosed is an apparatus for effecting such a process.