Abstract: A method for monitoring a laser welding process for welding workpieces by a welding laser beam is provided. The method includes, during the laser welding process, directing a measuring beam of an optical coherence tomograph onto an interaction area in which the welding laser beam interacts with the workpieces. The measuring beam penetrates the workpieces in the interaction area in a through weld of the workpieces. The measuring beam penetrating the workpieces is incident on a reference element. The method further includes acquiring measured values using the measuring beam, defining a first measured value range corresponding to detection of a material of the workpieces, defining a second measured value range corresponding to detection of the reference element, and determine a ratio of a number of measured values lying in the first measured value range and a number of measured values lying in the second measured value range.

Abstract: The voltage stress is limited across switches in multi-level flying capacitor step-down dc-dc converters during a start-up sequence by a circuit. In one embodiment, the circuit includes a diode that is adapted to prevent reverse current flow during steady state operation, a pull-down switch and a commutation cell, which includes a start-up capacitor and a flying capacitor.

Abstract: A single-mode quasi constant frequency controller apparatus for controlling output voltage deviation during one or more load transients, the controller apparatus comprising: a converter receiving one or more operational control parameters; a load tracking modulator configured to receive sensory inputs representative of a capacitor current polarity, and to control one or more power transistors of the converter such that an inductor current matches a load current cycle and reconstructs a desired inductor current ripple by splitting both an on-time for inductor charging and an off-time for inductor discharging into a current correction phase (CCP) and a ripple reconstruction phase (RRP), the load tracking modulator communicating the one or more operational control parameters for controlling the one or more power transistors.

Abstract: A fluid distributor for an injection system, in particular a fuel distributor rail for a fuel injection system for mixture-compressing, spark ignition internal combustion engines. The fuel distributor includes a tubular base body, which is preferably processed by a one-stage or multi-stage forging process, a first high-pressure output, a second high-pressure output, a third high-pressure output, and a fourth high-pressure output being provided at the base body. The second high-pressure output is situated offset by a predefined distance compared to the first high-pressure output in a first direction along a longitudinal axis of the tubular base body. The third high-pressure output is situated offset by the predefined distance compared to the second high-pressure output along the longitudinal axis in the first direction, the fourth high-pressure output being situated offset by the predefined distance compared to the third high-pressure output along the longitudinal axis in the first direction.

Abstract: A device for harvesting electrical energy includes a rectifier and a control device. The rectifier includes a first charging circuit for harvesting energy from a positive voltage of an energy harvester, and a second charging circuit for harvesting energy from a negative voltage of the energy harvester. The charging circuits include a common coil and a common electronic switch. Furthermore, each of the charging circuits includes a capacitor and a blocking element. Because the charging circuits use the coil jointly, the device is designed in a simple and compact manner. In addition, the energy harvesting is efficient, due to the one-stage AC-DC conversion and due to a maximum power point tracking function of the control device.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein introduce two sets of methods for limiting the voltage stress across switches in multi-level flying capacitor step-down de-de converters during the start-up sequence. Systems, devices, apparatuses, controllers, control methods, and processors are contemplated for an improved power converter topology. The embodiments are designed to aid in reducing the deficiencies noted in respect of ML-FCs, among others.

Abstract: A single-mode quasi constant frequency controller apparatus for controlling output voltage deviation during one or more load transients, the controller apparatus comprising: a converter receiving one or more operational control parameters; a load tracking modulator configured to receive sensory inputs representative of a capacitor current polarity, and to control one or more power transistors of the converter such that an inductor current matches a load current cycle and reconstructs a desired inductor current ripple by splitting both an on-time for inductor charging and an off-time for inductor discharging into a current correction phase (CCP) and a ripple reconstruction phase (RRP), the load tracking modulator communicating the one or more operational control parameters for controlling the one or more power transistors.

Abstract: A device for harvesting electrical energy includes a rectifier and a control device. The rectifier includes a first charging circuit for harvesting energy from a positive voltage of an energy harvester, and a second charging circuit for harvesting energy from a negative voltage of the energy harvester. The charging circuits include a common coil and a common electronic switch. Furthermore, each of the charging circuits includes a capacitor and a blocking element. Because the charging circuits use the coil jointly, the device is designed in a simple and compact manner In addition, the energy harvesting is efficient, due to the one-stage AC-DC conversion and due to a maximum power point tracking function of the control device.

Abstract: A converter apparatus for energy harvesting comprises a converter and an associated control device. The converter comprises a first charging circuit for charging a galvanic energy store (8) when a positive voltage of a connected energy harvesting device is applied and a second charging circuit for charging the galvanic energy store when a negative voltage of the connected energy harvesting device is applied. The charging circuits each have an electronic switch and an electrical energy store connected in series therewith. The control device is used to actuate the electronic switches on the basis of a polarity of the applied voltage of the energy harvesting device.

Abstract: A power switching device includes a buffer circuit, a filter circuit, a transformer, a restoration circuit, a conditioning circuit and a power switch. The buffer circuit provides a unipolar buffer output voltage dependent on an input voltage and a control voltage. The filter circuit blocks a direct component of the buffer output voltage which is added on the secondary side of the transformer by the restoration circuit. The power switch is controlled by a unipolar conditioning voltage provided by the restoration circuit to the conditioning circuit. The power switching device acts as a plug and play module and can be used and operated in a flexible and easy manner.

Abstract: An electronic component that includes at least one main body composed of ferrite material, at least one coil embedded in the main body, and at least one conductor track which runs on a side of the main body from a bottom side to a top side of the main body configured such that the main body has at least two side surfaces which enclose an angle of less than 180 angular degrees, where the conductor track is arranged in a recess at the transition between the two side surfaces.

Abstract: A power switching device includes a buffer circuit, a filter circuit, a transformer, a restoration circuit, a conditioning circuit and a power switch. The buffer circuit provides a unipolar buffer output voltage dependent on an input voltage and a control voltage. The filter circuit blocks a direct component of the buffer output voltage which is added on the secondary side of the transformer by the restoration circuit. The power switch is controlled by a unipolar conditioning voltage provided by the restoration circuit to the conditioning circuit. The power switching device acts as a plug and play module and can be used and operated in a flexible and easy manner.

Abstract: A laser distance measuring device for determining a distance to a target, in particular for a weapon system, comprises a first laser light source that is designed to emit laser pulses with a first pulse power, a second laser light source that is designed to emit laser pulses with a second pulse power, wherein the second pulse power of the second laser light source is higher than the first pulse power of the first laser light source (TX1), a receiver that is designed for receiving laser pulse radiation (RP) reflected by the target, an electronic controller for actuating the first laser light source, the second laser light source and the receiver. The electronic controller is designed to emit a first laser pulse by means of the first laser light source, after which, if a distance to the target cannot be determined with the first laser pulse by means of the receiver, a second laser pulse is emitted by means of the second laser light source.

Abstract: A holder serves for fastening a component, in particular a fuel distributor, onto an internal combustion engine. A holding element that has a component-side connecting segment is provided. The holding element is connectable at the component-side connecting segment to the component. The holding element furthermore has a fastening-means-side connecting segment at which the holding element is fastenable via a fastening means onto the internal combustion engine. A receiving part and a fastening sleeve are provided. The receiving part serves to connect the fastening sleeve to the fastening-means-side connecting segment of the holding element. The fastening sleeve has a through opening through which the fastening means is guidable. An assemblage having such a holder is also described. A connecting method is furthermore described.

Abstract: A laser distance measuring device for determining a distance to a target, in particular for a weapon system, comprises a first laser light source that is designed to emit laser pulses with a first pulse power, a second laser light source that is designed to emit laser pulses with a second pulse power, wherein the second pulse power of the second laser light source is higher than the first pulse power of the first laser light source (TX1), a receiver that is designed for receiving laser pulse radiation (RP) reflected by the target, an electronic controller for actuating the first laser light source, the second laser light source and the receiver. The electronic controller is designed to emit a first laser pulse by means of the first laser light source, after which, if a distance to the target cannot be determined with the first laser pulse by means of the receiver, a second laser pulse is emitted by means of the second laser light source.

Abstract: A converter apparatus for energy harvesting comprises a converter and an associated control device. The converter comprises a first charging circuit for charging a galvanic energy store (8) when a positive voltage of a connected energy harvesting device is applied and a second charging circuit for charging the galvanic energy store when a negative voltage of the connected energy harvesting device is applied. The charging circuits each have an electronic switch and an electrical energy store connected in series therewith. The control device is used to actuate the electronic switches on the basis of a polarity of the applied voltage of the energy harvesting device.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electronic component having at least one main body composed of ferrite material, at least one coil embedded in the main body, and at least one conductor track which runs on a side of the main body from a bottom side to a top side of the main body, wherein the main body has at least two side surfaces which enclose an angle of less than 180°, and wherein the conductor track is arranged in a recess at the transition between the two side surfaces.

Abstract: An injector system which is in particular used as an injector block for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engines includes a fuel distribution rail, a counter bracket, a first injector, and at least one second injector. Here, the counter bracket has a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece. The first injector is joined to the counter bracket on an input side of the first connecting piece with the aid of an elastic sealing ring. The second injector is joined to the counter bracket on an input side of the second connecting piece with the aid of an elastic sealing ring. In this case, the counter bracket is connected to the fuel distribution rail. The fuel distribution rail is used for distributing compressed natural gas to the injectors. The injector system has a compact design.

Abstract: A control for an electrical consumer includes a first switching device for connecting an output for the consumer to a first potential, a second switching device for connecting the output to a second potential, a control device for activating the switching devices, a first scanning device for providing a first signal as a function of a switching state of the first switching device, a second scanning device for providing a second signal as a function of a switching state of the second switching device, and a comparator device for determining a difference in the switch-on times of the switching devices on the basis of the determined signals.

Abstract: A holder (3) serves for fastening a component (2), in particular a fuel distributor (2), onto an internal combustion engine (16). A holding element (9) that has a component-side connecting segment (10) is provided. The holding element (9) is connectable at the component-side connecting segment (10) to the component (2). The holding element (9) furthermore has a fastening-means-side connecting segment (11) at which the holding element (9) is fastenable via a fastening means (15) onto the internal combustion engine (16). A receiving part (12) and a fastening sleeve (13) are provided. The receiving part (12) serves to connect the fastening sleeve (13) to the fastening-means-side connecting segment (11) of the holding element (9). The fastening sleeve (13) has a through opening (39) through which the fastening means (15) is guidable. An assemblage (1) having such a holder (3) is also described. A connecting method is furthermore described.