Abstract: A motor assembly comprises a composite housing having a core of sprayed magnetic particles and a winding on the core; and a rotor having a magnet located thereon, the rotor being rotatably mounted within the winding. The core of sprayed magnetic particles comprises particles of an iron-containing material that when deposited results in an aggregate of small micro-domains separated by insulation boundaries.

Abstract: A substrate transport apparatus including a frame, a drive section connected to the frame and including at least one independently controllable motor, at least two substrate transport arms connected to the frame and comprising arm links arranged for supporting and transporting substrates, and a mechanical motion switch coupled to the at least one independently controllable motor and the at least two substrate transport arms for effecting the extension and retraction of one of the at least two substrate transport arms while the other one of the at least two substrate transport arms remains in a substantially retracted configuration.

Abstract: The method for monitoring the stability of the carrier frequency (?i) of identical transmitted signals (si(t)) of several transmitters Si of a single-frequency network is based upon a calculation of a carrier-frequency displacement ??i of a carrier frequency ?i of a transmitter Si relative to a carrier frequency ?0 of a reference transmitter S0. For this purpose, the phase-displacement difference (???i(tB2?tB1)) caused by the carrier-frequency displacement ??i between a phase displacement ??i(tB1) at a first observation time tB1 and a phase displacement ??i(tB2) at a second observation time tB2 of a received signal (ei(t)) of the transmitter Si associated with the respective transmitted signal (si(t)) is determined relative to a received signal e0(t) of the reference transmitter S0 associated with the reference transmitted signal s0(t).

Abstract: A method is provided for analyzing the channel impulse response of a transmission channel using a time-discrete adaptive equalizer connected in series to the transmission channel, which it equalizes. The method includes determining the IIR filter coefficients (an) of a recursive filter portion and the FIR filter coefficients (bn) of a non-recursive filter portion of the time-discrete adaptive equalizer, at least partially allocating the IIR filter coefficients (an) and the FIR filter coefficients (bn) to input vectors for a discrete Fourier transformation, determining output vectors from the input vectors using a discrete Fourier transformation, forming discrete transmission function values by division of the output vectors, and determining the channel impulse response from the channel transmission function using an inverse discrete Fourier transformation.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for determining the envelope curve of a modulated input signal with the following method steps: generating digital samples by digital sampling of the input signal, generating Fourier-transformed samples by Fourier transforming the digital samples, generating sideband-cleaned, Fourier-transformed samples (B?n) by removing a range with negative frequencies or a range with positive frequencies from the Fourier-transformed samples (Bn), generating inverse-transformed samples by inverse Fourier transforming the sideband-cleaned, Fourier-transformed samples and forming the absolute value of the inverse-transformed samples.

Abstract: A method for monitoring the time synchronization of a total of n transmitters in a common wave network is described in which a reference total pulse response is compared with a measured total pulse response belonging to the transmission channels of the n transmitters of the common wave network. A reference pulse response is fixed in the reference total pulse response in relation to the pilot pulse response, on the basis of which the remaining reference pulse responses are references to classify synchronization errors in the common wave network in various synchronization error categories.

Abstract: The method for monitoring the stability of the carrier frequency (?i) of identical transmitted signals (si(t)) of several transmitters Si of a single-frequency network is based upon a calculation of a carrier-frequency displacement ??i of a carrier frequency ?i of a transmitter Si relative to a carrier frequency ?0 of a reference transmitter S0. For this purpose, the phase-displacement difference (???i(tB2?tB1)) caused by the carrier-frequency displacement ??i between a phase displacement ??i(tB1) at a first observation time tB1 and a phase displacement ??i(tB2) at a second observation time tB2 of a received signal (ei(t)) of the transmitter Si associated with the respective transmitted signal (si(t)) is determined relative to a received signal e0(t) of the reference transmitter S0 associated with the reference transmitted signal s0(t).

Abstract: A method is provided for analyzing the channel impulse response of a transmission channel using a time-discrete adaptive equalizer connected in series to the transmission channel, which it equalizes. The method includes determining the IIR filter coefficients (an) of a recursive filter portion and the FIR filter coefficients (bn) of a non-recursive filter portion of the time-discrete adaptive equalizer, at least partially allocating the IIR filter coefficients (an) and the FIR filter coefficients (bn) to input vectors for a discrete Fourier transformation, determining output vectors from the input vectors using a discrete Fourier transformation, forming discrete transmission function values by division of the output vectors, and determining the channel impulse response from the channel transmission function using an inverse discrete Fourier transformation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the envelope curve of a modulated input signal (5) with the following method steps: generation of digital samples (An) by digital sampling (1) of the input signal (5), generation of Fourier-transformed samples (Bn) by Fourier transformation of the digital samples (An), generation of sideband-cleaned, Fourier-transformed samples (B?n) by removing the range with negative frequencies or the range with positive frequencies from the Fourier-transformed samples (Bn), generation of inverse-transformed samples (Cn) by inverse Fourier transformation (4) of the sideband-cleaned, Fourier-transformed samples (B?n) and formation of the absolute value of the inverse-transformed samples (Cn).

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to determine the user data constellation of a multi-carrier signal at the receiving end. Said signal is QAM modulated in the 2K mode according to the DVB-T standard and is provided with a central carrier that is situated I the centre of the individual carriers and is temporarily modulated with user data and temporarily represents a distributed pilot. To resolve the aim of the invention, the appearance frequency of all I/Q values pertaining to the portion of user data belonging to the central carrier is detected and the centre of said user data constellation is then detected.

Abstract: A method for determining the phase and/or amplitude noise spectrum of a digitally modulated input signal. The method for determining a phase-noise spectrum comprises generating real complex samples, by digitally sampling a phase component and phase quadrature component of the input signal in baseband, determining ideal complex samples from generated real samples, establishing complex quotients from the real and ideal complex samples, generating modified complex quotients by assigning the value 1 to the complex quotients, and subjecting the modified complex quotients to a Fourier transform. The invention also concerns a similar method for determining the amplitude noise spectrum of the digitally modulated input signal.