Abstract: Novel sunscreen compositions containing titanium dioxide having a particle size less than about 35 m.mu. and zinc oxide having a particle size less than about 50 m.mu. are described as well as methods of protecting the skin from damaging ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: Novel sunscreen compositions containing titanium dioxide having a particle size less than 10 m.mu. are described as well as methods of protecting the skin from damaging ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid and esters thereof are prepared by reacting sodium thiosulfate with acetylene dicarboxylic acid in the presence of a strong acid and subjecting the resulting alkylthiosulfate to an acid hydrolysis. The 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acids and esters thereof are useful as an antidote for heavy metal poisoning.

Abstract: Novel amphoteric and zwitterionic betaine compounds containing at least one anion having a phosphorus-oxygen-phosphorus bond and processes for their preparation are described.

Abstract: Phosphobetaine Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is selected from O.sup.-, OM and O--Y--R+B is selected from O.sup.- and OH.sup.31X is an anionZ is an interger from 0 to 2 with the proviso that only one of A and B can be O.sup.- and Z is a value necessary for charge balance and R is an amidoamine reactant moiety.

Abstract: Detergent and cleansing compositions are provided containing a pyrophosphobetaine compound and preferably at least one other surfactant.

Abstract: Novel bisquaternary ammonium compounds are described and exhibit utility as components in personal care products.

Abstract: Phosphitaine compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an amidoamine reactant moiety and Y is hydroxyalkylene. The compounds are useful as surfactants.

Abstract: An improved cleansing, foaming and nonirritating detergent and cleansing composition for personal care use is provided containing phosphobetaine surfactant or a phosphitaine surfactant as an active ingredient.

Abstract: An improved non-irritating or low irritating detergent composition exhibiting good foaming properties is disclosed. The composition is a synergistic mixture of an amphoteric surfactant and a phosphobetaine or phosphitaine surfactant.

Abstract: Phosphobetaine Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is selected from O.sup.-, OM and --O--Y--R+B is selected from O.sup.- and OM.sup.-X.sup.- is an anionZ is an integer from 0 to 2 with the proviso that only one of A and B can be O.sup.- and Z is of a value necessary for charge balance and R is an amidoamine reactant moiety.

Abstract: Mild cleansing compositions comprising at least one detergent and at least one alkyleneoxylated bisquaternaryammonium compound are described. Suitable bisquaternary ammonium compounds are represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an aliphatic radical of from about 10 to about 26 carbon atoms, R' is methyl, ethyl, propyl or R, X is an anion, n is an integer from 2 to 3, and x is an integer of from 1 to about 30. Suitable detergents are anionic or amphoteric detergents. The addition of alkyleneoxylated bisquaternary ammonium compound to anionic and amphoteric detergents reduces the irritant properties of the detergents.

Abstract: Aqueous depilatory compositions are made by complexing 0.2 to 0.8 Sn(II) with a polyhydroxycarboxylate anion having five to seven carbon atoms and four to six hydroxyl groups in a molar ratio from 2:1 to 1:2 at a pH from 12.8 to 13.3.

Abstract: Mild cleansing compositions comprising at least one detergent and at least one alkyleneoxylated bisquaternary ammonium compound are described. Suitable bisquaternary ammonium compounds are represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an aliphatic radical of from about 10 to about 26 carbon atoms, R' is methyl, ethyl, propyl or R, X is an anion, n is an integer from 2 to 3, and x is an integer of from 1 to about 30. Suitable detergents are anionic or amphoteric detergents. The addition of alkyleneoxylated bisquaternary ammonium compound to anionic and amphoteric detergents reduces the irritant properties of the detergents.