Abstract: A container for molten metal is provided with a temperature measuring device arranged in an opening of a container wall. The temperature measuring device has a protective sheath, which projects into the container and which is closed at its end arranged in the container. A temperature measuring element is arranged in an opening of the protective sheath. The protective sheath is composed of a mixture of a heat-resistant metal oxide and graphite, and the closed end is spaced at least 50 mm from the container wall.

Abstract: A cellular wireless communication system and method of operation manages Walsh codes in order to ensure that sufficient Walsh codes are available to prevent call blocking and to support additional hand-off operations. In an initial operating condition, the cellular wireless communication system services normal hand-off operations in which a maximum number of cells and sectors may participate in hand-off. With hand-off operations according to the present invention, each cell or sector participating in hand-off for a mobile terminal uses a unique Walsh code for covering its forward link signals. When the number of Walsh codes available for servicing new calls is reduced so that it meets or exceeds a Walsh code availability threshold, the number of cells and sectors that may participate in hand-off is reduced from the maximum number. In the number of participating cells/sectors results in release or non-use of some Walsh codes.

Abstract: A refractory nozzle is provided for a metallurgical vessel, in particular for steel melts, wherein the nozzle has a flow-through opening with an upper end, a lower end, and an inner wall laterally enclosing the flow-through opening. In order to improve known discharge nozzles, in particular with regard to their thermal shock resistance, a heater and/or a thermal insulating material, that dissolves or bums upon contact with fluid steel, is arranged along the inner wall in the flow-through opening.

Abstract: A refractory nozzle is provided for arrangement in the wall of metallurgic vessels, especially for steel melts. The nozzle has a passage opening with an upper end and a bottom end, an inside wall of a solid electrolyte material enclosing the passage opening. At least one electrode is arranged on an outer side of the solid electrolyte material facing away from the passage opening and having connecting lines leading electro-conductively therefrom. Thermal insulating material at least partially encloses the outer side of the solid electrolyte material and the electrode. The at least one electrode is essentially made of a metal which has a melting point of at least about 1400° C. and/or of at least one of its oxides.

Abstract: A refractory nozzle is provided for a metallurgical vessel, in particular for steel melts, wherein the nozzle has a flow-through opening with an upper end, a lower end, and an inner wall laterally enclosing the flow-through opening. In order to improve known discharge nozzles, in particular with regard to their thermal shock resistance, a heater and/or a thermal insulating material, that dissolves or bums upon contact with fluid steel, is arranged along the inner wall in the flow-through opening.

Abstract: The present invention provides greater capacity in a dynamic allocation of power. First, the invention requires the reduction, not the increase, of signal power in low traffic areas. Because this signal power reduction reduces interference in surrounding high traffic cell site areas, those high traffic cell site areas can re-direct some of this surplus power to support a greater voice and data traffic load. Accordingly, the invention increases capacity of voice and data communications in high traffic areas, where it is needed most, by lowering (and dynamically regulating) the signal power in low traffic cell site areas.

Abstract: A refractory nozzle is provided for arrangement in the wall of metallurgic vessels, especially for steel melts. The nozzle has a passage opening with an upper end and a bottom end, an inside wall of a solid electrolyte material enclosing the passage opening. At least one electrode is arranged on an outer side of the solid electrolyte material facing away from the passage opening and having connecting lines leading electro-conductively therefrom. Thermal insulating material at least partially encloses the outer side of the solid electrolyte material and the electrode. The at least one electrode is essentially made of a metal which has a melting point of at least about 1400° C. and/or of at least one of its oxides.

Abstract: A refractory nozzle is provided for arrangement in or on a wall of a metallurgical crucible, particularly for steel melts, having a discharge duct surrounding a flow passage, wherein the discharge duct has a surface delimiting the flow passage and an outer housing. In order to improve the known solutions of the prior art, one embodiment of the nozzle is characterized by the discharge duct having an upper part and a lower part with the lower part being fixed in or on the upper part, wherein the surface of the upper part delimiting the flow passage is made of a different material than the surface of the lower part delimiting the flow passage. In a second embodiment the nozzle is characterized by the discharge duct having an upper part and a lower part with the lower part being fixed on or in the upper part, wherein the diameter of the flow passage in the upper part is greater than the diameter in the lower part.

Abstract: A wireless communication system infrastructure services wireless communications within a service coverage area. A digital enclosure includes a plurality of wireless communication processing components that perform digital processing functions. A plurality of radio enclosures couple to the digital enclosure via communication links and each service wireless communications within a corresponding geographic area of the service coverage area. During operation of the wireless communication system infrastructure, two radio enclosures of the plurality of radio enclosures share a communication processing component of the digital enclosure while jointly servicing a single wireless communication. The two radio enclosures reside at respective geographic locations that are separated by a geographic distance such that each of the radio enclosures services a respective cell. Each of the radio enclosures may service a plurality of sectors that form the cell.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring temperatures in molten metals are known with a thermocouple arranged in a closed-end ceramic tube, wherein the junction of the thermocouple is located near the closed end of the tube, and with an outer protective casing which surrounds the closed-end tube and forms an annulus between the closed-end tube and the inner surface of the protective casing, the protective casing being substantially refractory metal oxide and graphite. To create a temperature measuring apparatus in which the thermocouple is protected by simple means from chemical destruction and thereby increases the life expectancy of the thermocouple, the annulus is substantially filled with a metal oxide powder and an oxygen-reducing means, the proportion of the oxygen-reducing means being approximately 5% by volume to approximately 95% by volume.

Abstract: The present invention is a device for measuring the temperature of a molten metal. The device includes a thermocouple element, a housing consisting of a heat-resistant material and a retainer member for receiving the thermocouple element. The retainer member has an open end and a closed end. The thermocouple element has a hot junction located proximate the closed end of the retainer member. The retainer member is positioned within the housing and is smaller in size than the housing to define a cavity therebetween. The cavity is substantially filled by a protective material which includes a metal oxide component and an oxygen reducing component.