Abstract: A cryogenic expansion turbine system (10) includes a turbo-expander (12) configured to receive and expand a cryogenic gas feed stream (24). A rotary shaft (16) operatively connects the turbo-expander and a resistance device, such as a compressor (14) or brake. A bearing housing (18) has a bearing cooling fluid inlet port and a bearing cooling fluid outlet port. Electro-magnetic bearings (22) are positioned within the bearing housing and rotatably support the rotary shaft. A bearing cooling circuit (72) directs a stream of bearing cooling fluid (62) into the bearing housing via the bearing cooling fluid inlet port so that the electro-magnetic bearings are cooled and resulting warmed bearing cooling fluid (68) exits the bearing housing via the cooling fluid outlet port.

Abstract: A precool heat exchanger system receives a stream of first cryogenic fluid for warming a second cryogenic fluid. A first splitter receives and divides a first cryogenic fluid stream into a motive stream and a secondary cooling stream. An ejector receives the motive stream. An expansion device receives and expands the secondary cooling stream and directs at least a portion of it to the precool heat exchanger system so that a second cryogenic fluid is cooled. First cryogenic fluid from the precool heat exchanger is directed into the ejector suction port and the pressure therein is reduced. A primary separation device divides a first cryogenic fluid mixed phase stream from the ejector into a first cryogenic fluid vapor stream and a liquid recycle stream that exit the primary separation device. A recycle pump directs first cryogenic fluid to the first splitter.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclosporine formulations for use in the prevention or treatment of pulmonary chronic graft rejection. In particular, the invention provides a cyclosporine liquid formulation for use as an aerosol for inhalation in a method of preventing or treating pulmonary chronic graft rejection in single lung transplanted patients. The formulation is preferably administered once or twice daily. The formulation may be aerosolized with a nebulizer that comprises features for monitoring the time, date and duration of inhalation by the patient, in order to monitor patient adherence. The formulation according to the invention may be combined with standard immunosuppressants and corticosteroids.

Abstract: A pre-cool refrigeration circuit includes a pre-cool compressor configured to receive and compress pre-cool refrigerant vapor from a pre-cool heat exchanger, a pre-cool cooling device configured to receive and cool compressed pre-cool refrigerant from the pre-cool compressor, a pre-cool expansion device configured to receive and expand compressed and cooled pre-cool refrigerant from the pre-cool cooling device, and a pre-cool separation device configured to receive expanded pre-cool refrigerant from the pre-cool expansion device at a reduced pressure so as to lower a boiling point of the expanded pre-cool refrigerant and to separate the expanded pre-cool refrigerant into a pre-cool refrigerant vapor stream and a pre-cool refrigerant liquid stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclosporine formulations for use in the prevention or treatment of pulmonary chronic graft rejection. In particular, the invention provides a cyclosporine liquid formulation for use as an aerosol for inhalation in a method of preventing or treating pulmonary chronic graft rejection in single lung transplanted patients. The formulation is preferably administered once or twice daily. The formulation may be aerosolized with a nebulizer that comprises features for monitoring the time, date and duration of inhalation by the patient, in order to monitor patient adherence. The formulation according to the invention may be combined with standard immunosuppressants and corticosteroids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel cell system comprising an outer container, defining an enclosed chamber. Inside the enclosed chamber are provided: a storage vessel for storing a cryogenically liquefied working fluid, a gasification device coupled to the storage vessel, a fuel cell arrangement coupled to the gasification device, and a control unit configured to control flow between the components within the enclosed chamber. A power cable is provided which is coupled at one end to the fuel cell arrangement and extending through an exterior wall of the outer chamber such that a second end of the cable extends outside the chamber. The enclosed chamber is substantially sealed such that in use, leaking of the working fluid is substantially prevented.

Abstract: A system and method for cooling, purifying and liquifying a feed gas stream uses liquid nitrogen for cooling the system. After cooling the system, the warmed nitrogen is vented as a vapor. The system and method include a water condenser, a first and second cooler and a liquifier and production of at least first and second contaminant streams. Optionally, the system includes a compressor or blower and/or a separator.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aerosol delivery device comprising an aerosol generator for generating an aerosol in the aerosol delivery device, a sensor configured to detect a use of the aerosol delivery device for aerosol treatment, and a controller configured to deactivate the aerosol generator if no use of the aerosol delivery device for aerosol treatment is detected by the sensor. Further, the invention relates to a method for operating an aerosol delivery device, comprising the steps of operating an aerosol generator for generating an aerosol in the aerosol delivery device, detecting a use of the aerosol delivery device for aerosol treatment by means of a sensor, and deactivating the aerosol generator by means of a controller if no use of the aerosol delivery device for aerosol treatment is detected by the sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aerosol delivery device (10) comprising an aerosol generator (3) for generating an aerosol in the aerosol delivery device (10), a sensor (5) configured to detect a use of the aerosol delivery device (10) for aerosol treatment, and a controller (7) configured to deactivate the aerosol generator (3) if no use of the aerosol delivery device (10) for aerosol treatment is detected by the sensor (5). Further, the invention relates to a method for operating an aerosol delivery device (10), comprising the steps of operating an aerosol generator (3) for generating an aerosol in the aerosol delivery device (10), detecting a use of the aerosol delivery device (10) for aerosol treatment by means of a sensor (5), and deactivating the aerosol generator (3) by means of a controller (7) if no use of the aerosol delivery device (10) for aerosol treatment is detected by the sensor (5).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a mouthpiece (40) for delivering an aerosol supplied by a nebulizer (100) to a user, the mouthpiece (40) comprising a body (46) defining a fluid path (47) from an inlet port (41) connectable to the nebulizer (100) to an inhalation opening (42) to be received in the mouth of a user and a filter (30). The filter (30) has a filter base (31) in fluid communication with the fluid path (47), a filter top (33) detachably connected to the filter base (31) and a filter material (32) provided between the filter base (31) and the filter top (33). The filter top (33) has an exhalation opening (36) cooperating with a one-way valve (39) allowing exhaustion of fluid from the fluid path (47) through the filter material (32) to the outside of the mouthpiece upon exhalation of a patient through the inhalation opening (42). The body (46) and the filter base (31) are an integrated one-piece unit so as to provide for an easy to handle and comfortable mouthpiece (40).

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclosporine formulations for use in the prevention or treatment of pulmonary chronic graft rejection. In particular, the invention provides a cyclosporine liquid formulation for use as an aerosol for inhalation in a method of preventing or treating pulmonary chronic graft rejection in single lung transplanted patients. The formulation is preferably administered once or twice daily. The formulation may be aerosolized with a nebulizer that comprises features for monitoring the time, date and duration of inhalation by the patient, in order to monitor patient adherence. The formulation according to the invention may be combined with standard immunosuppressants and corticosteroids.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclosporine formulations for use in the prevention or treatment of pulmonary chronic graft rejection. In particular, the invention provides a cyclosporine liquid formulation for use as an aerosol for inhalation in a method of preventing or treating pulmonarychronic graft rejection in single lung transplanted patients. The formulation is preferably administered once or twice daily. The formulation may be aerosolized with a nebulizer that comprises features for monitoring the time, date and duration of inhalation by the patient, in order to monitor patient adherence. The formulation according to the invention may be combined with standard immunosuppressants and corticosteroids.

Abstract: The invention relates to cyclosporine formulations for use in the prevention or treatment of pulmonary chronic graft rejection. In particular, the invention provides a cyclosporine liquid formulation for use as an aerosol for inhalation in a method of preventing or treating pulmonarychronic graft rejection in single lung transplanted patients. The formulation is preferably administered once or twice daily. The formulation may be aerosolized with a nebulizer that comprises features for monitoring the time, date and duration of inhalation by the patient, in order to monitor patient adherence. The formulation according to the invention may be combined with standard immunosuppressants and corticosteroids.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aerosol delivery device (10) comprising an aerosol generator (3) for generating an aerosol in the aerosol delivery device (10), a sensor (5) configured to detect a use of the aerosol delivery device (10) for aerosol treatment, and a controller (7) configured to deactivate the aerosol generator (3) if no use of the aerosol delivery device (10) for aerosol treatment is detected by the sensor (5). Further, the invention relates to a method for operating an aerosol delivery device (10), comprising the steps of operating an aerosol generator (3) for generating an aerosol in the aerosol delivery device (10), detecting a use of the aerosol delivery device (10) for aerosol treatment by means of a sensor (5), and deactivating the aerosol generator (3) by means of a controller (7) if no use of the aerosol delivery device (10) for aerosol treatment is detected by the sensor (5).

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid reservoir (2) for an aerosol generator (50), the fluid reservoir (2) comprising a fluid chamber (4) for receiving a fluid (6), an opening (8) for guiding the fluid (6) received in the fluid chamber (4) outside the fluid chamber (4), and a collar portion (10) surrounding the opening (8) and extending into the fluid chamber (4). A first portion (12) of the fluid chamber (4) extends along the length of the collar portion (10) in a height direction (H) of the fluid chamber (4), A second portion (14) of the fluid chamber (4) is arranged adjacent to the first portion (12) in the height direction (H) of the fluid chamber (4). A lateral extension of the first portion (12) in the directions perpendicular to the height direction (H) of the fluid chamber (4) is smaller than a lateral extension of the second portion (14) in the directions perpendicular to the height direction (H) of the fluid chamber (4).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system that includes a pharmaceutical composition of a purified, stable, active alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (API) in a form of a ready to use sterile solution and an inhalation nebulizer, and to methods of use thereof for treating pulmonary diseases.

Abstract: A spark plug is described for Otto-cycle engines having a metallic spark plug body, having a center electrode, having a ceramic insulator, which is arranged between the center electrode and the body and is based on aluminium oxide, and having at least one earth electrode. The invention provides for the insulator to be composed of 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight of magnesium oxide, at most 0.3% by weight of natural and/or impurities, with the rest being aluminium oxide, and being formed by solid-phase sintering so that it is very largely free of glass phases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system that includes a pharmaceutical composition of a purified, stable, active alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (API) in a form of a ready to use sterile solution and an inhalation nebulizer, and to methods of use thereof for treating pulmonary diseases.