Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing 1,2-pentanediol by reacting furfuryl alcohol with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst system. The catalyst system contains platinum oxide or contains ruthenium supported on aluminum oxide or activated carbon. The invention also relates to the respective catalysts and processes for producing the catalyst system.

Abstract: A microcapillary reactor contains at least one first static mixer comprising at least one first capillary supply line for a first fluid and at least one second capillary supply line for a second fluid which is not substantially homogeneously miscible with the first fluid. The first and second capillary supply lines flow into a region which is the point of departure for at least one transport line. The first and second capillary supply lines are dimensioned such that the first and second fluids can be respectively transported in laminary flow conditions and can be displaced in the form of alternatingly successive discrete liquid phase sections (plugs). The microcapillary reactor further comprises at least one second static mixer, comprising at least one third supply line, particularly a capillary supply line, for a gaseous third fluid which flows in the first capillary transport line downstream from the first mixer.

Abstract: A surface sensor utilizing a light source for projecting light onto a travelling surface and thereby illuminate a limited area of said surface is combined with at least two angularly spaced sensors and arranged to detect light reflected. Signals are generated in accordance with the amount of light received and these signals are processed to obtain at least one of (a) an indication of topographical surface characteristics of the web surface while suppressing the effects of changes in reflectivity of the surface and (b) indication of the change in reflectivity while suppressing the effects of topography of the surface.