Abstract: A method for heating a fuel flowing through an injection valve into a combustion space of an internal combustion engine includes conveying fuel through ducts of a filter element arranged in the fuel flow, heating walls of the throughflow ducts at least in certain regions along their longitudinal extent, and introducing heat from the walls into the fuel.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a preparation device for fuel, for the purpose of providing a starting fuel which comprises low-boiling fuel constituents. A catalytic converter is accommodated in an exhaust train of the internal combustion engine. After-treatment of the exhaust gases is carried out by a secondary air device, by means of the combustion being carried out with an excess of starting fuel for rich-burn operation during the cold start and the subsequent warm-up phase. The system is provided for spark-ignition mixture-compressing or spark-ignition direct injection internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A fuel fractionation device is provided for separating a low-boiling fuel fraction from a liquid fuel in an internal combustion engine, having a fuel tank which contains the liquid fuel and having a separator, to which an extracted fuel fraction mixture can be fed, and a reservoir to which the fuel fraction can be fed, and furthermore having a pump which extracts fuel vapor and air and has a pump drive. The pump and the pump drive are fixed in a housing and are accommodated removably in the fuel tank together with the separator and the reservoir, forming a structural unit.

Abstract: A fuel fractionation device is provided for separating a low-boiling fuel fraction from a liquid fuel in an internal combustion engine, having a fuel tank which contains the liquid fuel and having a separator, to which an extracted fuel fraction mixture can be fed, and a reservoir to which the fuel fraction can be fed, and furthermore having a pump which extracts fuel vapor and air and has a pump drive. The pump and the pump drive are fixed in a housing and are accommodated removably in the fuel tank together with the separator and the reservoir, forming a structural unit.

Abstract: A dual component injector, especially for internal combustion engines, has a nozzle body, which has a nozzle outlet, and a valve needle for opening and closing the nozzle outlet. A first feed channel is used for supplying a first fluid to the nozzle outlet, and a second feed channel is used for supplying a second fluid to the nozzle outlet. Optionally, a fluid chamber, which is located in the nozzle body, is connected to the nozzle outlet. The second feed channel is connected to the fluid chamber or to the first feed channel via at least two bored holes. The bored holes open out in the fluid chamber or in the first feed channel in such a way that the second fluid produces a swirling flow pattern in the fluid chamber or in the first feed channel.

Abstract: A method for producing a filter element includes forming longitudinal ducts extending between upstream and downstream surfaces of the filter element, and installing a heating element for heating regions of walls of the ducts along longitudinal extent of the walls. The filter element is arranged inside an injection valve of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method for heating a fuel flowing through an injection valve into a combustion space of an internal combustion engine includes conveying fuel through ducts of a filter element arranged in the fuel flow, heating walls of the throughflow ducts at least in certain regions along their longitudinal extent, and introducing heat from the walls into the fuel.

Abstract: In a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine including a fuel tank, a fuel processing apparatus to which fuel from the tank is supplied and which separates the fuel into different fractions, the fuel and the fractions are mixed in a mixing chamber according to a performance graph stored in a control unit depending on the operating state of the engine and the mixture is then supplied to the engine in a controlled manner.

Abstract: In a fuel fractionation device for separating a low-boiling fuel fraction from a liquid fuel of an internal-combustion engine, including a vessel which contains the liquid fuel, and in which a reduced pressure is generated by withdrawing the low-boiling fuel fraction in vapor form from the vessel and making it available to the internal combustion engine, the efficiency of the fractionation is improved by utilizing a carrier-gas which is introduced into the liquid fuel, and which is withdrawn from the vessel together with the fuel fraction vapor.

Abstract: An injection valve for internal combustion engines has a filter element arranged on the inside of the injection valve in the fuel flow of the latter with ducts for the fuel. The filter element is designed as a throughflow heating element, for which purposes the walls of the throughflow ducts are capable of being heated, at least in certain regions, along their longitudinal extent.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having one injection valve (3) per cylinder and at least one additional port injector (5) for injecting fuel into combustion air which is fed to the cylinders (2) in the intake tract (4). The port injector (5) havs two supply inlets (10, 11) which can be closed off. A control unit (8) determines the quantity of fuel which is to be delivered as a function of the operating state of the internal combustion engine (1). Separately provided starting fuel is delivered by the port injector (5) during the warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: In a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine having a fuel tank for liquid fuel, a fuel pump which draws fuel from the fuel tank and pressurized the fuel to an injection pressure at which the fuel is made available to the internal combustion engine, a fuel-fractionating device which produces at least one liquid fuel fraction from the fuel, and an accumulator which receives the liquid fuel fraction from the fuel-fractionating device, stores it and makes it available to the internal combustion engine, the fuel fraction made available and the fuel made available being fed to the internal combustion engine by the fuel supply system as a function of demand, the accumulator is a pressure accumulator and includes pressure-generating means for pressurizing fuel fraction in the pressure accumulator to the injection pressure.

Abstract: In an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine having two groups of cylinders with a separate exhaust line for each cylinder group, each including an upstream catalytic converter and a downstream catalytic converter and a control valve, a first transverse connection extending between the exhaust lines upstream of the upstream catalytic converters and a second transverse connection extending between the exhaust lines between the upstream and downstream catalytic converters, the valves are so arranged and controlled that, during warm-up, the exhaust gases from both cylinder groups flow through the upstream catalytic converter of one, and the downstream catalytic converter of the other exhaust line for rapid heat up of one of the catalytic converters in each of the exhaust lines.

Abstract: A device for liquefying fuel fractions which are in vapour form in fuel tanks (1), having a suction device (10), a pump (13), a condensation device (16) and a separation and storage device (18). This device has a regulation means, with the aid of which the fraction-air mixture (31), which is displaced by the fuel (30), flowing in during the refuelling of the fuel tank (1) and/or a fraction-air mixture (31) which is produced by air injection by means of an air-injection device (23) can be sucked out and separated.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a preparation device for fuel, for the purpose of providing a starting fuel which comprises low-boiling fuel constituents. A catalytic converter is accommodated in an exhaust train of the internal combustion engine. After-treatment of the exhaust gases is carried out by a secondary air device, by means of which secondary air is blown into the exhaust train upstream of the catalytic converter, the combustion being carried out with an excess of starting fuel for rich-burn operation during the cold start and the subsequent warm-up phase. The system is provided for spark-ignition mixture-compressing or spark-ignition direct injection internal combustion engines.

Abstract: In a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine including a fuel tank, a fuel processing apparatus to which fuel from the tank is supplied and which separates the fuel into different fractions, the fuel and the fractions are mixed in a mixing chamber according to a performance graph stored in a control unit depending on the operating state of the engine and the mixture is then supplied to the engine in a controlled manner.

Abstract: In an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine having two groups of cylinders with a separate exhaust line for each cylinder group, each including an upstream catalytic converter and a downstream catalytic converter and a control valve, a first transverse connection extending between the exhaust lines upstream of the upstream catalytic converters and a second transverse connection extending between the exhaust lines between the upstream and downstream catalytic converters, the valves are so arranged and controlled that, during warm-up, the exhaust gases from both cylinder groups flow through the upstream catalytic converter of one, and the downstream catalytic converter of the other exhaust line for rapid heat up of one of the catalytic converters in each of the exhaust lines.

Abstract: In a fuel fractionation device for separating a low-boiling fuel fraction from a liquid fuel of an internal-combustion engine, including a vessel which contains the liquid fuel, and in which a reduced pressure is generated by withdrawing the low-boiling fuel fraction in vapor form from the vessel and making it available to the internal combustion engine, the efficiency of the fractionation is improved by utilizing a carrier-gas which is introduced into the liquid fuel, and which is withdrawn from the vessel together with the fuel fraction vapor.

Abstract: In a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine having a fuel tank for liquid fuel, a fuel pump which draws fuel from the fuel tank and pressurized the fuel to an injection pressure at which the fuel is made available to the internal combustion engine, a fuel-fractionating device which produces at least one liquid fuel fraction from the fuel, and an accumulator which receives the liquid fuel fraction from the fuel-fractionating device, stores it and makes it available to the internal combustion engine, the fuel fraction made available and the fuel made available being fed to the internal combustion engine by the fuel supply system as a function of demand, the accumulator is a pressure accumulator and includes pressure-generating means for pressurizing fuel fraction in the pressure accumulator to the injection pressure.

Abstract: An injection valve for internal combustion engines has a filter element arranged on the inside of the injection valve in the fuel flow of the latter with ducts for the fuel. The filter element is designed as a throughflow heating element, for which purposes the walls of the throughflow ducts are capable of being heated, at least in certain regions, along their longitudinal extent.