Abstract: A method for operating a parallel hybrid powertrain (1) of a vehicle having one internal combustion engine (2) and one electric motor (3). The electric motor is located in the drivetrain between an output and the internal combustion engine. Between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor, a frictionally engaged shifting element is provided, while between the electric motor and the output, a starting element (6) having a hydrodynamic torque converter (6A) and a converter lock-up clutch (6B) is disposed. A target output torque to be applied to the output is dependent on the slippage of the starting element. During a starting phase of the internal combustion engine via the electric motor, an input torque produced by the electric motor is directed at least in part via the torque converter and in part via the converter lock-up clutch.

Abstract: A system for non-contact cleaning of particulate contamination of surfaces includes one or more sources that create a charge imbalance between a surface and particles that contaminate the surface, and a power supply that creates a pulsed electrical bias on the surface. This imbalance produces an electrostatic force that propels the particles off the surface. The cleaning process can be associated, for example, with microelectronic lithography and manufacturing.

Abstract: The drive (1) for a flexible endoscope (2) has support elements (3, 4) which move relative to one another in a displacement direction (s) perpendicular to the axial direction (a) of the endoscope (2) and can be fixed in a desired position. On each of the support elements (3, 4), there are drive rollers (5, 6, 7, 8) that drive the endoscope (2). The drive rollers (5, 6, 7, 8), are driven by an electric drive (10). The electric drive (10) is connected to a pedal (11) that controls the speed of rotation and/or direction of rotation of the drive rollers (5, 6, 7, 8). To improve the operating comfort for the physician, the support elements (3, 4) can adjusted relative to one another by means of a screw/thread element (14). The screw/thread element (14) having a release position in which the support elements (3,4) can be distanced from one another without actuation of the screw-thread element (14).

Abstract: The drive (1) for a flexible endoscope (2) has support elements (3, 4) which move relative to one another in a displacement direction (s) perpendicular to the axial direction (a) of the endoscope (2) and can be fixed in a desired position. On each of the support elements (3, 4), there are drive rollers (5, 6, 7, 8) that drive the endoscope (2). The drive rollers (5, 6, 7, 8), are driven by an electric drive (10). The electric drive (10) is connected to a pedal (11) that controls the speed of rotation and/or direction of rotation of the drive rollers (5, 6, 7, 8). To improve the operating comfort for the physician, the support elements (3, 4) can adjusted relative to one another by means of a screw/thread element (14). The screw/thread element (14) having a release position in which the support elements (3,4) can be distanced from one another without actuation of the screw-thread element (14).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for bleaching fibrous materials, in particular lignin-containing materials for producing paper consisting in adding at least a first additive and at least one type of bleaching liquid to a fibrous solution which contains at list one bleaching agent. After mixing said bleaching solution with the fibrous suspension and at the end of determined bleaching time, the bleaching process is ended by adding at least a second additive. Said invention is characterised in that the pH of the fibrous suspension is obtained by adding lime.

Abstract: A processor unit for a data-processing-aided electronic control system in a motor vehicle, in which the processor unit operates in real-time and contains within its functional structure a scalable computing unit and a vehicle interface unit, as well as (preferably) a communication coprocessor as separate structural components.

Abstract: A computer system having an optimized display controller is disclosed. The computer system has a central processing unit connected to a system bus. Within the computer system, both a system memory and a video memory are connected in parallel to the system bus. In addition, the computer system also includes a display controller that is connected only between the system bus and a video display.

Abstract: A processor unit for a data-processing-aided electronic control system in a motor vehicle, in which the processor unit operates in real-time and contains within its functional structure a scalable computing unit and a vehicle interface unit, as well as (preferably) a communication coprocessor as separate structural components.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a process for the control of a data transmission channel or data bus, in particular a data bus on which the data is transmitted in a bit serial fashion according to a prescribed transmission protocol or bus protocol. The multitude of data buses which currently exist or will be developed in the future have their own proprietary data bus protocols and this means that for almost every data bus a special control device is required. The invention just described permits a multitude of data buses to be controlled by using a hierarchical processor architecture with at least two processor levels, which are respectively optimized for specific control tasks. The invention can be used for the control of a multitude of data buses, on which data is transmitted according to different transmission protocols.

Abstract: A surgical closure which can be repeatedly opened and closed, especially one for an abdominal incision, consisting of flexible fabric or plate-like securing means which can be firmly secured to the bodily tissue close to the incision but can be released therefrom and with a closure bringing together its end regions above the incision which can be opened and closed at any time, is to be improved in such a way that a completely pressure-tight closure is obtained but which may be opened as often as desired. This is achieved in that it is fitted with a securing component (15) surrounding the incision on all sides which has an opening (4) that can be placed above the incision and consists of a tube (5) of flexible material extending upward from and surrounding the opening (4) and the tube (5) itself acts as the closure or is fitted with such.