Abstract: An apparatus, for wideband communication with one or more transceivers in a wireless communication system using one or more subbands of a predefined wideband, is configured to perform initial Listen-Before-Talk, LBT, for each subband of the predefined wideband so as to determine from the predefined wideband one or more non-occupied subbands on which the wideband communication is allowed during a certain transmission time, and during the certain transmission time, transmit to and/or receive from the transceiver using the non-occupied subbands. During the certain transmission time and in case the initial LBT indicted that one or more of the subbands are occupied, the apparatus is configured to perform a further LBT for the one or more occupied subbands so as to determine one or more of the initially occupied subbands being no longer occupied, and transmit to and/or receive from the transceiver using, in addition to the initially non-occupied subbands, the one or more no longer occupied subbands.

Abstract: A user device for a wireless communication system is served by a base station and uses one or more frequency bands for a communication with one or more entities in the wireless communication system. The frequency bands include CORESETs, each including one or more search spaces carrying control information for the UE. The UE groups some or all of the CORESETs into respective CORESET groups, or some or all of the search spaces into respective search space groups. A CORESET group includes some or all CORESETs within a certain time window, and a search space group includes some or all search spaces within the certain time window. The grouping is responsive to one or more group IDs the UE is configured with, each group ID pointing to or indicating a CORESET group or a search space group, and/or determining CORESETs or search spaces to be within the same time window.

Abstract: The embodiments herein relate to a method performed by UE, a UE, a network node or gNB and a method performed by the gNB for handling retransmissions in a wireless telecommunications system and resolving misalignment between the UE and the gNB. According to exemplary embodiments, there is provided a retransmission counter placed or implemented at the UE and/or the gNB which is configured to count every failing data packet (i.e., the receiver(s)/transmitters is/are informed via the NACK messages or the NACK timers). There is also provided a retransmission assignment indicator message configured to include, fully or partially: the content of said counter and the content or the structure of the CGB (Code Block Group), e.g., either all CBGs are retransmission versions or part of the CGBs are retransmission versions.

Abstract: An apparatus, for wideband communication with one or more transceivers in a wireless communication system using one or more subbands of a predefined wideband, is configured to perform initial Listen-Before-Talk, LBT, for each subband of the predefined wideband so as to determine from the predefined wideband one or more non-occupied subbands on which the wideband communication is allowed during a certain transmission time, and during the certain transmission time, transmit to and/or receive from the transceiver using the non-occupied subbands. During the certain transmission time and in case the initial LBT indicted that one or more of the subbands are occupied, the apparatus is configured to perform a further LBT for the one or more occupied subbands so as to determine one or more of the initially occupied subbands being no longer occupied, and transmit to and/or receive from the transceiver using, in addition to the initially non-occupied subbands, the one or more no longer occupied subbands.

Abstract: Embodiment provide a transceiver of a wireless communication system, wherein the transceiver is configured to operate in a sidelink in-coverage, out of coverage or partial coverage scenario, wherein the transceiver is configured to operate, in dependence on a QoS and/or QoS requirement of the transceiver, using a selected configuration out of a set of configurations.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to techniques for prediction of reservoir fluid properties of a hydrocarbon reservoir fluid, such as the density, the saturation pressure, the formation volume factor and the gas-oil ratio of the reservoir fluid. To predict the reservoir fluid properties, a model is generated by selecting a subset of available reservoir samples based on a degree of biodegradation of the samples, generating an input data set comprising input data and target data, the input data comprising measured or predicted mud-gas data; and generating a model using the input data. The application of this technique allows a continuous log of the selected property to be generated using mud-gas data collected during the well drilling process.

Abstract: A mud gas analyzer and a well-site system using the mud gas analyzer are described. The mud gas analyzer includes at least one degasser adapted to extract gas from drilling mud passing through a flow path formed at least partially by a drill string within a well and an annulus positioned between an exterior surface of the drill string and a formation surrounding the well at a well-site, at least one gas analyzer adapted to interact with the gas extracted from the drilling mud. The gas analyzer determines an isotopic composition of a gas liberated from the drilling mud and generates a sequence of signals indicative of ratios of isotopes of a gas species liberated from the drilling mud.

Abstract: A mud gas analyzer and a well-site system using the mud gas analyzer are described. The mud gas analyzer includes at least one degasser adapted to extract gas from drilling mud passing through a flow path formed at least partially by a drill string within a well and an annulus positioned between an exterior surface of the drill string and a formation surrounding the well at a well-site, at least one gas analyzer adapted to interact with the gas extracted from the drilling mud. The gas analyzer determines an isotopic composition of a gas liberated from the drilling mud and generates a sequence of signals indicative of ratios of isotopes of a gas species liberated from the drilling mud.

Abstract: The inflow of liquid metal into a continuous casting mold is set by a closure device. A measured actual meniscus value is fed to a controller determining a closure device target position on the basis of the actual and a corresponding target value. The measured actual value is fed to a disturbance variable compensator. The target position/corrected target position or a corresponding actual value are further fed to the disturbance variable compensator which determines the disturbance variable compensation value. The disturbance variable compensator has a model of the continuous casting mold for determining an expected value. A number of oscillating compensators determine a frequency disturbance proportion. The sum of the frequency disturbance proportions corresponds to the disturbance variable compensation value. The disturbance variable compensator has a jump determiner, by which it determines the jump compensation value by integrating the difference.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for suppressing the influence of roll eccentricities on the run-out thickness of a rolled stock, which runs through a rolling stand, roll eccentricities being identified by using a process model and taken into consideration in the determination of a correction signal for at least one final control element, preferably a final control element for the adjustment position, of the rolling stand, wherein the measured tensile force upstream of the rolling stand is fed to the process model to identify the roll eccentricities. According to the invention, variations in tensile force are fed back in a targeted manner to reduce the effects of periodic roll eccentricities on the rolled stock, whereas all other sources of variation are eliminated. A process model of the rolling nip and the rolls, preferably based on the observer principle, produces reliable data on the roll eccentricity.

Abstract: During operation of a rolling mill, a rolling product running through the mill is machined by a machining device which is controlled by a controller, to which a target and an actual value of the roll product are fed after machining. The controller determines based on the target and the actual value, in conjunction with controller characteristic, a controlled variable for the machining device and outputs the controlled variable to the machining device which machines the roll product according to the output controlled variable. A detection device receives the actual value after machining and a corresponding actual value of the mill product before machining. Based on the temporal profiles of the actual values, the device dynamically determines the controller characteristic such that the variance of the actual value at least tends to be minimized after machining. The device also parameterizes the controller according to the determined control characteristic.

Abstract: The inflow of liquid metal into a continuous casting mould is set by a closure device. A measured actual meniscus value is fed to a controller determining a closure device target position on the basis of the actual and a corresponding target value. The measured actual value is fed to a disturbance variable compensator. The target position/corrected target position or a corresponding actual value are further fed to the disturbance variable compensator which determines the disturbance variable compensation value. The disturbance variable compensator has a model of the continuous casting mold for determining an expected value. A number of oscillating compensators determine a frequency disturbance proportion. The sum of the frequency disturbance proportions corresponds to the disturbance variable compensation value. The disturbance variable compensator has a jump determiner, by which it determines the jump compensation value by integrating the difference.

Abstract: During operation of a rolling mill, a rolling product running through the mill is machined by a machining device which is controlled by a controller, to which a target and an actual value of the roll product are fed after machining. The controller determines based on the target and the actual value, in conjunction with controller characteristic, a controlled variable for the machining device and outputs the controlled variable to the machining device which machines the roll product according to the output controlled variable. A detection device receives the actual value after machining and a corresponding actual value of the mill product before machining. Based on the temporal profiles of the actual values, the device dynamically determines the controller characteristic such that the variance of the actual value at least tends to be minimized after machining. The device also parameterizes the controller according to the determined control characteristic.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for suppressing the influence of roll eccentricities on the run-out thickness of a rolled stock, which runs through a rolling stand, roll eccentricities being identified by using a process model and taken into consideration in the determination of a correction signal for a at lest one final control element, preferably a final control element for the adjustment position, of the rolling stand, wherein the measured tensile force upstream of the rolling stand is fed to the process model to identify the roll eccentricities. According to the invention, variations in tensile force are fed back in a targeted manner to reduce the effects of periodic roll eccentricities on the rolled stock, whereas all other sources of variation are eliminated. A process model of the rolling nip and the rolls, preferably based on the observer principle, produces reliable data on the roll eccentricity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for rolling a product in a rolling train comprising at least two roll stands having a roll gap, the product to be rolled comprising a transition region. If a critical transition region crosses the rolling train, the roll gaps of the roll stands are successively opened and closed according to the position of the transition region moving at speed through the rolling train, in the direction of the direction of travel of the conveyor. The opening of the roll gaps occurs parallel to the position of the critical transition region when the product is displaced. A transition region is critical when the structure requires the roll gaps to be opened. The inventive opening of the roll gaps, when the device is moving, enables the controlled transition of a product to be rolled with extreme variations in dimensions and/or hardness, for a shorter length.

Abstract: A process and system for casting a billet of liquid metal. The liquid metal is cast into a casting die and drawn from the casting die as a billet having a solidified investment and a liquid core. The liquid metal level in the casting die is regulated to a predetermined reference value. Disturbance variables, which act on the liquid metal level in the casting die and which cause a deviation between the actual value and the reference value of the liquid metal level, are estimated, and the influence of the disturbance variables on the actual value of the liquid metal level is compensated or reduced using the estimated disturbance variables.

Abstract: A method and a device for casting a strand from molten metal is presented. The molten metal is poured into a mold and then pulled out of the mold as a strand having a liquid core characterized by a solidified shell and a tapering liquid pool. The pouring level associated with the rate at which the liquid metal is poured into the mold is regulated by determining the pouring level and influencing the inflow of liquid metal into the mold by means of a controller whose control parameters are adapted on-line, by means of fuzzy techniques, to any change in the parameters of the controlled system corresponding to the pouring apparatus and the mold.

Abstract: To guide a process whose output variable (c) depends on a plurality of influential variables (v, a, h, .alpha.) acting on the process, the process is controlled by a controlling variable (p*) in such manner that the output variable (c) assumes the value of a guiding variable (c*). Correcting variable (p*) is calculated from guiding variable (c*) on the basis of a model of the process, with the model being adjusted on the basis of a comparison of the results (c.sub.M) supplied by the model with measured variables (c, v, h, a) of the process to the process event.

Abstract: A signal which is dependent solely on the disturbance variable is selected by means of a filter and fed to a disturbance detector. This disturbance detector simulates the steady and alternating component (sine component) of the selected signal, as well as a signal (cosine component) phase-leading by 90.degree. with the latter signal. The correction signal required to exactly compensate for the disturbance variable is determined from the sine and cosine component of the periodic disturbance signal component by means of frequency-controlled function generators and a complex phasor calculation.