Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a C20 to C60 wax from the thermal decomposition of plastic polymer. The present invention provides a vacuum pyrolysis process for preparing a C20 to C60 wax from the thermal decomposition of plastic polyolefin polymer, the method comprising the steps of: i) introducing plastic polyolefin polymer into a thermal reaction zone of a vacuum pyrolysis reactor; ii) heating the plastic polyolefin polymer at sub-atmospheric pressure, wherein the temperature in the thermal reaction zone of the reactor is from 500° C. to 750° C., to induce thermal decomposition of the plastic polyolefin polymer and to form a thermal decomposition product effluent which comprises a major portion by weight of a C20 to C60 wax fraction; and iii) condensing a vapour component of the thermal decomposition product effluent from the vacuum pyrolysis reactor in a multistage condensation comprising a plurality of condensation stages connected in series.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a C20 to C60 wax from the thermal decomposition of a particular plastic polyolefin polymer blend. The present invention provides a vacuum pyrolysis process for preparing a C20 to C60 wax from the thermal decomposition of plastic polyolefin polymer, the method comprising the steps of: i) introducing plastic polyolefin polymer into a thermal reaction zone of a vacuum pyrolysis reactor; ii) heating the plastic polyolefin polymer at sub-atmospheric pressure, wherein the temperature in the thermal reaction zone of the reactor is from 500° C. to 750° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a lubricant base stock from the thermal decomposition of plastic polymer. The present invention provides a process for preparing a lubricant base stock from the thermal decomposition of plastic polyolefin polymer, the method comprising the steps of: i) introducing plastic polyolefin polymer into a thermal reaction zone of a vacuum pyrolysis reactor; ii) heating the plastic polyolefin polymer at sub-atmospheric pressure, wherein the temperature in the thermal reaction zone of the reactor is from 500° C. to 750° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the removal of free fatty acids from glyceride oils, especially palm oil. In particular, the present invention is directed to a process wherein specific ionic liquids are utilised for removing free fatty acids contained in glyceride oils, preferably palm oil, such that a glyceride oil, having a reduced content of free fatty acids may be obtained. The invention also relates to treated glyceride oil compositions, preferably treated palm oil compositions, comprising certain ionic liquids to prevent build-up of free fatty acids in stored oil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a lubricant base stock from the thermal decomposition of plastic polymer. The present invention provides a process for preparing a lubricant base stock from the thermal decomposition of plastic polyolefin polymer, the method comprising the steps of: i) introducing plastic polyolefin polymer into a thermal reaction zone of a vacuum pyrolysis reactor; ii) heating the plastic polyolefin polymer at sub-atmospheric pressure, wherein the temperature in the thermal reaction zone of the reactor is from 500° C. to 750° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a C20 to C60 wax from the thermal decomposition of a particular plastic polyolefin polymer blend. The present invention provides a vacuum pyrolysis process for preparing a C20 to C60 wax from the thermal decomposition of plastic polyolefin polymer, the method comprising the steps of: i) introducing plastic polyolefin polymer into a thermal reaction zone of a vacuum pyrolysis reactor; ii) heating the plastic polyolefin polymer at sub-atmospheric pressure, wherein the temperature in the thermal reaction zone of the reactor is from 500° C. to 750° C.

Abstract: Mercury is removed from a mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed by utilizing ionic liquids. The mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed is contacted with a metallate salt immobilized on a solid support material. A hydrocarbon fluid product having a reduced mercury content compared to the mercury-containing fluid feed is separated from the ionic liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a C20 to C60 wax from the thermal decomposition of plastic polymer. The present invention provides a vacuum pyrolysis process for preparing a C20 to C60 wax from the thermal decomposition of plastic polyolefin polymer, the method comprising the steps of: i) introducing plastic polyolefin polymer into a thermal reaction zone of a vacuum pyrolysis reactor; ii) heating the plastic polyolefin polymer at sub-atmospheric pressure, wherein the temperature in the thermal reaction zone of the reactor is from 500° C. to 750° C., to induce thermal decomposition of the plastic polyolefin polymer and to form a thermal decomposition product effluent which comprises a major portion by weight of a C20 to C60 wax fraction; and iii) condensing a vapour component of the thermal decomposition product effluent from the vacuum pyrolysis reactor in a multistage condensation comprising a plurality of condensation stages connected in series.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a lubricant base stock from the thermal decomposition of plastic polymer. The present invention provides a process for preparing a lubricant base stock from the thermal decomposition of plastic polyolefin polymer, the method comprising the steps of: i) introducing plastic polyolefin polymer into a thermal reaction zone of a vacuum pyrolysis reactor; ii) heating the plastic polyolefin polymer at sub-atmospheric pressure, wherein the temperature in the thermal reaction zone of the reactor is from 500° C. to 750° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the removal of free fatty acids from glyceride oils, especially palm oil. In particular, the present invention is directed to a process wherein specific ionic liquids are utilised for removing free fatty acids contained in glyceride oils, preferably palm oil, such that a glyceride oil, having a reduced content of free fatty acids may be obtained. The invention also relates to treated glyceride oil compositions, preferably treated palm oil compositions, comprising certainionic quids to prevent build-up of free fatty acids in stored oil.

Abstract: Mercury is removed from a mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed by utilizing ionic liquids. The mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed is contacted with a metallate salt immobilized on a solid support material. A hydrocarbon fluid product having a reduced mercury content compared to the mercury-containing fluid feed is separated from the ionic liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the removal of mercury from a mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed using specifically selected ionic liquids comprising, contacting the mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed with an ionic liquid having the formula [Cat+][M+][X?] and separating from the ionic liquid a hydrocarbon fluid product having a reduced mercury content compared to the mercury-containing fluid feed.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to the separation of gases and to a process for the removal of carbon dioxide gas using liquid absorbents. A process is disclosed for removing carbon dioxide from a gaseous stream comprising contacting the gaseous stream with a carbon dioxide absorbent comprising a mixture of an ionic liquid and water in a molar ratio of from 10:1 to 1:10, wherein the ionic liquid has the formula: [Cat+][X?].

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the removal of mercury from a mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed using specifically selected ionic liquids comprising, contacting the mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed with an ionic liquid having the formula [Cat+][M+][X?] and separating from the ionic liquid a hydrocarbon fluid product having a reduced mercury content compared to the mercury-containing fluid feed.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to the separation of gases and to a process for the removal of carbon dioxide gas using liquid absorbents.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for hydrating olefins to the corresponding alcohols in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a heteropolyacid catalyst supported on a clay support, the clay support being a hot acid treated clay. The hot acid treated clay is prepared by progressively leaching a commercial bentonite type clay with hot acid to enable the cations in the clay to be exchanged for hydrogen ions leading to a clay support of surface area greater than 50 m.sup.2 /g. By using the specific acid treated clays as support, it is possible not only to increase the space-time-yield of the process but also to prolong the life of the support thereby reducing the frequency with which the support is changed or replaced on a plant.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for hydrating olefins to the corresponding alcohols in the vapour phase in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a heteropolyacid catalyst supported on niobia. By using niobia as support, it is possible not only to increase the space-time-yield of the process but also to prolong the life of the support thereby reducing the frequency with which the support is changed or replaced on a plant. The process is particularly suited to producing ethanol from ethylene and isopropanol from propylene.

Abstract: Organic contaminants of solid particles, especially oil in drill cuttings, are removed by passing the contaminated particles into a processing chamber, generating a circumferentially directed flow of fluid within the chamber to cause the particles to circulate in the chamber in a turbulent compact band, incinerating the particles and removing them substantially free from organic contaminants from the chamber.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of lubricating oils having a viscosity index of at least 120 and a pour point of at least -45.degree. C. by (a) oligomerizing a mixture of C5-C20 1-olefins comprising at least 2.6% w/w of 1-decene and at least 6% w/w of 1-hexene in the presence of a catalyst. The lubricating oil so formed may be hydrogenated in the presence of hydrogen to improve the oxidation stability thereof. The process is particularly suited to olefins feeds produced during a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in which carbon monoxide and hydrogen are passed over a heated catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of lower aliphatic esters by reacting a lower olefin with a saturated lower aliphatic mono-carboxylic acid in the vapor phase in the presence of a heteropolyacid catalyst characterized in that an amount of water in the range from 1-10 mole % based on the total of the olefin, aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and water is added to the reaction mixture during the reaction. The presence of water enhances the yield of the desired ester. The reaction mixture may optionally contain a di-ether to minimize the by-products. The process is particularly suitable for producing ethyl acetate from ethylene and acetic acid in the presence of water.