Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining a property, e.g., density, of a geological formation based on Einstein's theory of gravitation. A gravitational potential difference is determined between two positions of the geological formation by measuring a frequency shift of radiation travelling from a source to an absorber of a differential gravimeter. The differential gravimeter can be a part of a downhole tool. The gravitational potential difference determined can be used to determine the property of the geological formation.

Abstract: A particle accelerator device structured and arranged for use in a subterranean environment. The particle accelerator device comprising: one or more resonant Photonic Band Gap (PBG) cavity, the one or more resonant PBG cavity is capable of providing localized, resonant electro-magnetic (EM) fields so as to one of accelerate, focus or steer particle beams of one of a plurality of electrons or a plurality of ions. Further, the particle accelerator device may provide for the one or more resonant PBG cavity to include a geometry and one or more material that is optimized in terms of RF power losses, wherein the optimization provides for a PBG cavity quality factor significantly higher than that of an equivalent normally conducting pill-box cavity.

Abstract: A particle accelerator device structured and arranged for use in a subterranean environment. The particle accelerator device comprising: one or more resonant Photonic Band Gap (PBG) cavity, the one or more resonant PBG cavity is capable of providing localized, resonant electro-magnetic (EM) fields so as to one of accelerate, focus or steer particle beams of one of a plurality of electrons or a plurality of ions. Further, the particle accelerator device may provide for the one or more resonant PBG cavity to include a geometry and one or more material that is optimized in terms of RF power losses, wherein the optimization provides for a PBG cavity quality factor significantly higher than that of an equivalent normally conducting pill-box cavity.

Abstract: A method for determining a property of formations surrounding an earth borehole being drilled with a drill bit at the end of a drill string, using drilling fluid that flows downward through the drill string, exits through the drill bit, and returns toward the earth's surface in the annulus between the drill string and the periphery of the borehole, including the following steps: obtaining, downhole near the drill bit, a pre-bit sample of the mud in the drill string as it approaches the drill bit; obtaining, downhole near the drill bit, a post-bit sample of the mud in the annulus, entrained with drilled earth formation, after its egression from the drill bit; implementing pre-bit measurements on the pre-bit sample; implementing post-bit measurements on the post-bit sample; and determining a property of the formations from the post-bit measurements and the pre-bit measurements.

Abstract: An apparatus for logging a formation traversed by a borehole includes a plurality of logging tools adapted for conveyance inside the borehole. The plurality of logging tools includes a tool body, a sensing pad responsive to a density property of the formation coupled to the tool body, a current emitting measure electrode responsive to a lateral resistivity property of the formation incorporated on the sensing pad, a mechanism for urging the sensing pad in contact with a side of the borehole coupled to the tool body, and a pair of mass isolation bands disposed about the tool body to isolate a mass of the tool body adjacent the measure electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus for logging a formation traversed by a borehole includes a tool adapted for conveyance inside the borehole, a tool bias mechanism comprising a flexible member coupled to a first side of the tool body and adapted to urge a second side of the tool body into contact with a side of the borehole, a sensing pad responsive to a property of the formation, and a pad bias mechanism independent of the tool bias mechanism coupling the sensing pad to the second side of the tool body and adapted to urge the sensing pad into contact with the side of the borehole.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining flow velocity within a formation utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in which the shape of the resonance region is restricted so that sensitivity to radial flow or vertical flow is obtained (or both when more than one NMR tool is used). Flow velocity using these NMR tools is determined using decay amplitude, frequency displacement or stimulated echoes (where the spins are stored along the magnetic field instead of the transverse plane to exploit echo decays and frequency displacements) based on the application of adiabatic pulses. Based on the described NMR measurement of flow velocity, additional wellbore parameters may be obtained such as a direct measurement of permeability, an assessment of drilling damage to the wellbore, formation pressure, invasion rate of the mud filtrate or the migration of fine mud particles during sampling operations.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining flow velocity within a formation utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in which the shape of the resonance region is restricted so that sensitivity to radial flow or vertical flow is obtained (or both when more than one NMR tool is used). Flow velocity using these NMR tools is determined using decay amplitude, frequency displacement or stimulated echoes (where the spins are stored along the magnetic field instead of the transverse plane to exploit echo decays and frequency displacements) based on the application of adiabatic pulses. Based on the described NMR measurement of flow velocity, additional wellbore parameters may be obtained such as a direct measurement of permeability, an assessment of drilling damage to the wellbore, formation pressure, invasion rate of the mud filtrate or the migration of fine mud particles during sampling operations.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining flow velocity within a formation utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in which the shape of the resonance region is restricted so that sensitivity to radial flow or vertical flow is obtained (or both when more than one NMR tool is used). Flow velocity using these NMR tools is determined using decay amplitude, frequency displacement or stimulated echoes (where the spins are stored along the magnetic field instead of the transverse plane to exploit echo decays and frequency displacements) based on the application of adiabatic pulses. Based on the described NMR measurement of flow velocity, additional wellbore parameters may be obtained such as a direct measurement of permeability, an assessment of drilling damage to the wellbore, formation pressure, invasion rate of the mud filtrate or the migration of fine mud particles during sampling operations.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining flow velocity within a formation utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in which the shape of the resonance region is restricted so that sensitivity to radial flow or vertical flow is obtained (or both when more than one NMR tool is used). Flow velocity using these NMR tools is determined using decay amplitude, frequency displacement or stimulated echoes (where the spins are stored along the magnetic field instead of the transverse plane to exploit echo decays and frequency displacements) based on the application of adiabatic pulses. Based on the described NMR measurement of flow velocity, additional wellbore parameters may be obtained such as a direct measurement of permeability, an assessment of drilling damage to the wellbore, formation pressure, invasion rate of the mud filtrate or the migration of fine mud particles during sampling operations.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining flow velocity within a formation utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in which the shape of the resonance region is restricted so that sensitivity to radial flow or vertical flow is obtained (or both when more than one NMR tool is used). Flow velocity using these NMR tools is determined using decay amplitude, frequency displacement or stimulated echoes (where the spins are stored along the magnetic field instead of the transverse plane to exploit echo decays and frequency displacements) based on the application of adiabatic pulses. Based on the described NMR measurement of flow velocity, additional wellbore parameters may be obtained such as a direct measurement of permeability, an assessment of drilling damage to the wellbore, formation pressure, invasion rate of the mud filtrate or the migration of fine mud particles during sampling operations.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining flow velocity within a formation utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in which the shape of the resonance region is restricted so that sensitivity to radial flow or vertical flow is obtained (or both when more than one NMR tool is used). Flow velocity using these NMR tools is determined using decay amplitude, frequency displacement or stimulated echoes (where the spins are stored along the magnetic field instead of the transverse plane to exploit echo decays and frequency displacements) based on the application of adiabatic pulses. Based on the described NMR measurement of flow velocity, additional wellbore parameters may be obtained such as a direct measurement of permeability, an assessment of drilling damage to the wellbore, formation pressure, invasion rate of the mud filtrate or the migration of fine mud particles during sampling operations.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining flow velocity within a formation utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in which the shape of the resonance region is restricted so that sensitivity to radial flow or vertical flow is obtained (or both when more than one NMR tool is used). Flow velocity using these NMR tools is determined using decay amplitude, frequency displacement or stimulated echoes (where the spins are stored along the magnetic field instead of the transverse plane to exploit echo decays and frequency displacements) based on the application of adiabatic pulses. Based on the described NMR measurement of flow velocity, additional wellbore parameters may be obtained such as a direct measurement of permeability, an assessment of drilling damage to the wellbore, formation pressure, invasion rate of the mud filtrate or the migration of fine mud particles during sampling operations.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining flow velocity within a formation utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in which the shape of the resonance region is restricted so that sensitivity to radial flow or vertical flow is obtained (or both when more than one NMR tool is used). Flow velocity using these NMR tools is determined using decay amplitude, frequency displacement or stimulated echoes (where the spins are stored along the magnetic field instead of the transverse plane to exploit echo decays and frequency displacements) based on the application of adiabatic pulses. Based on the described NMR measurement of flow velocity, additional wellbore parameters may be obtained such as a direct measurement of permeability, an assessment of drilling damage to the wellbore, formation pressure, invasion rate of the mud filtrate or the migration of fine mud particles during sampling operations.

Abstract: The present invention provides met hods and apparatus for determining flow velocity within a formation utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in which the shape of the resonance region is restricted so that sensitivity to radial flow or vertical flow is obtained (or both when more than one NMR tool is used). Flow velocity using these NMR tools is determined using decay amplitude, frequency displacement or stimulated echoes (where the spins are stored along the magnetic field instead of the transverse plane to exploit echo decays and frequency displacements) based on the application of adiabatic pulses. Based on the described NMR measurement of flow velocity, additional wellbore parameters may be obtained such as a direct measurement of permeability, an assessment of drilling damage to the wellbore, formation pressure, invasion rate of the mud filtrate or the migration of fine mud particles during sampling operations.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining flow velocity within a formation utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques in which the shape of the resonance region is restricted so that sensitivity to radial flow or vertical flow is obtained (or both when more than one NMR tool is used). Flow velocity using these NMR tools is determined using decay amplitude, frequency displacement or stimulated echoes (where the spins are stored along the magnetic field instead of the transverse plane to exploit echo decays and frequency displacements) based on the application of adiabatic pulses. Based on the described NMR measurement of flow velocity, additional wellbore parameters may be obtained such as a direct measurement of permeability, an assessment of drilling damage to the wellbore, formation pressure, invasion rate of the mud filtrate or the migration of fine mud particles during sampling operations.