Abstract: Large format, digital camera systems (10, 100, 150, 250, 310) expose single detector arrays 20 with multiple lens systems (12, 14, 16, 18) or multiple detector arrays (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 152, 162, 172, 182, 252, 262, 272, 282, 322, 324) with one or more single lens systems (156, 166, 176, 186) to acquire sub-images of overlapping sub-areas of large area objects. The sub-images are stitched together to form a large format, digital, macro-image (80, 230″, 236″, 238″, 240″), which can be colored. Dampened camera carrier (400) and accelerometer (404) signals with double-rate digital signal processing (306, 308) are used.

Abstract: A measuring instrument and a method of measuring including providing an illumination arrangement having a plurality of independent illumination sources, a specimen region for conducting a specimen illuminated by the illumination arrangement, a measuring arrangement detecting radiation influenced by the specimen in the specimen region, the illumination arrangement having a plurality of independent aluminum sources which are energized by separate leads and separate switch elements that are operable to selectively operate either individually or in common for a linearity check.

Abstract: For evaluating the essentially-periodic signal sequence of inductive measured-value sensors in view of the appearance of zero-axis crossings, all zero-axis crossings in the sensor signal are identified in a zero-axis crossing branch of an evaluation unit and the significant zero-axis crossings are enabled in a parallel enable branch after logarithmic transformation of the sensor signal.