Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I) or general formula (II) wherein R1, P1, P2, Q, Y, (X)o, (W)n, (V)m, Z and U are as defined in the specification, are inhibitors of cruzipain and other cysteine protease inhibitors and are useful as therapeutic agents, for example in Chagas' disease, or for validating therapeutic target compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of production of a hydrazide modified sugar comprising a step of reacting a sugar with a hydrazide in a reaction solvent at a pH of between 3 and 5.5, wherein the solvent comprises an aqueous based solvent and an optional polar organic co-solvent. A further aspect of the invention relates to a method of production of a polysaccharide epitope carrier protein conjugate comprising the steps of: (a) reacting a polysaccharide epitope with a hydrazide to form a hydrazide modified polysaccharide epitope; (b) reacting the hydrazide modified polysaccharide epitope with a linker that has been pre-coupled to a carrier protein.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I): wherein R1, R2, Y, (X)o, (W)n, (V)m, Z and U are as defined in the specification, are inhibitors of cruzipain and other cysteine protease inhibitors and are useful as therapeutic agents, for example in Chagas' disease, or for validating therapeutic target compounds.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I) wherein Z=CR3R4, where R3 and R4 are independently chosen from C0-7-alkyl P1=CR5R6, P2=O, CR7R8 or NR9, Y=CR10R11—C(O) or CR10R11—C(S) or CR10R11—S(O) or CR10R11—SO2(X)0=.CR16R17 (W)n=0, S, C(O), S(O) or S(O)2— or NR18(V)m=C(O), C(S), S(O), S(O)2, S(O)2NH, OC(O), NHC(O), NHS(O), NHS(O)2, OC(O)NH, C(O)NH or CR19R20, C?N—C(O)—OR19 or C?N?C(O)—NHR19, U=a stable. 5- to 7 membered monocyclic or a stable 8- to 11-membered bicyclic ring which is either saturated or unsaturated, and which includes zero to four heteroatoms and their sales, hydrates, solvates, complexes and prodruges are inhibitors of cathepsin K and other cysteine protease inhibitors and are useful as therapeutic agents, for example in osteoporosis, Paget's disease gingival diseases such as gingivitis and periodontis, hypercalaemia of malignancy, metabolic bone disease, diseases involving matrix or cartilage degradation, in particular osteoarthitis and rheumatoid arthritis and neoplastic diseases.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I): wherein R1, Y, (X)o, (W)n, (V)m, Z and U are as defined in the specification, are inhibitors of cruzipain and other cysteine protease inhibitors and are useful as therapeutic agents, for example in Chagas' disease, or for validating therapeutic target compounds.

Abstract: Compounds according to general formulae (Ia to Ie) wherein: X?O or S; Y is O, S or CH2, CHR, CRR, where R is C1-7 alkyl; Z is O or S; R1 is H or C1-7 alkyl; R2 is H or C1-7 alkyl; R4 is H or C1-7 alkyl at any vacant position on the aromatic ring; R3 is C1-7 alkyl-L1-R5-L2-R6—COOH, C3-10 cycloalkyl-L1-R5-L2-R6—COOH or Ar—C0-7 alkyl-L1-R5-L2-R6—COOH; each of L1 and L2 is absent or a suitable linker such as an amide CONH; or an ether —O—, or a thioether —S— or a sulphone —SO2—; R5 is C1-7 alkyl, C3-10 cycloalkyl or Ar—C0-7 alkyl each of which is substituted with either NR8R9, where the nitrogen atom is capable of being protonated in solution to give N+HR8R9; or a quaternary nitrogen atom N+R8R9R10, such that R5 contains a positive charge; each of R8, R9 and R10 is independently C1-7 alkyl, C3-10 cycloalkyl or Ar—C0-7 alkyl, or any two or more of R8, R9 and R10 together form an alicyclic or arylalicyclic ring system; R6 is C1-7 alkyl, C3-10 cycloalkyl or Ar—C0-7 alkyl; and their salts, hydrates, solvates, complex

Abstract: of the formula (IV): where: R1=R?C(O), R?SO2, R?=a bicyclic, saturated or unsaturated, 8-12 membered ring system containing 0-4 hetero atoms selected from S, O and N, which is optionally substituted with up to four substituents independently selected from groups a), b) and c) below; or R?=a monocyclic, saturated or unsaturated, 5-7 membered ring containing 0-3 hetero atoms selected from S, O and N, which monocyclic ring bears at least one substituent selected from group a) and/or c) and which may optionally bear one or two further substituents selected from group b); R4=H, C1-7-alkyl, Ar—C1-7-alkyl, Ar, C3-7-cycloalkyl; C2-7alkenyl; R3=C1-7-alkyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C2-C7 alkenyl, C3-7-cycloalkyl, Ar—C1-7-alkyl, Ar; R5=C1-7-alkyl, halogen, Ar—C1-7-alkyl, CO-3-alkyl-CONR3R4 or a bulky amine R6 is H, C1-7-alkyl, Ar—C1-7-alkyl, C1-3-alkyl-SO2-Rix, C1-3-alkyl-C(O)—NHRix or CH2XAr q is 0 or 1 have utility as inhibitors of cysteine proteases such as cathepsin K and falcipain.

Abstract: Cathepsin S is a highly active cysteine protease belonging to the papain superfamily. It is found mainly in lymph nodes, spleen, and macrophages and this limited occurrence suggests the potential involvement of this enzyme in the pathogenesis of degenerative disease. The invention relates to novel protease inhibitors, particularly inhibitors of the cysteine proteases of the papain superfamily and more particularly to Cathepsin S. The inhibitors are Furanone derivatives of Formula (II) which have a characteristic non-hydrogen substituent R5. They are selective over other members of the family and in particular show selectivity over other members of the Cathepsin family such as L and K.

Abstract: of the formula (IV): 1

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I) or general formula (II) wherein R1, P1, P2, Q, Y, (X)o, (W)n, (V)m, Z and U are as defined in the specification, are inhibitors of cruzipain and other cysteine protease inhibitors and are useful as therapeutic agents, for example in Chagas' disease, or for validating therapeutic target compounds.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, Y, (X)o, (W)n, (V)m, Z and U are as defined in the specification, are inhibitors of cruzipain and other cysteine protease inhibitors and are useful as therapeutic agents, for example in Chagas' disease, or for validating therapeutic target compounds.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I): wherein R1, R2, Y, (X)o, (W)n, (V)m, Z and U are as defined in the specification, are inhibitors of cruzipain and other cysteine protease inhibitors and are useful as therapeutic agents, for example in Chagas' disease, or for validating therapeutic target compounds.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I): wherein R1, Y, (X)0, (W)n, (V)m, Z and U are as defined in the specification, are inhibitors of cruzipain and other cysteine protease inhibitors and are useful as therpeutic agents, for example in Chagas' disease, or for validating therapeutic target compounds.

Abstract: Cathepsin S is a highly active cysteine protease belonging to the papain superfamily. It is found mainly in lymph nodes, spleen, and macrophages and this limited occurrence suggests the potential involvement of this enzyme in the pathogenesis of degenerative disease. The invention relates to novel protease inhibitors, particularly inhibitors of the cysteine proteases of the papain superfamily and more particularly to Cathepsin S. The inhibitors are Furanone derivatives of Formula (II) which have a characteristic non-hydrogen substituent R5. They are selective over other members of the family and in particular show selectivity over other members of the Cathepsin family such as L and K.

Abstract: of the formula (IV): 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of compounds which are substrates or inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes and to apparatus and methods for identifying substrates or inhibitors for proteolytic enzymes. We have devised a combinatorial method for the rapid identification of binding motifs which will greatly expedite the synthesis of inhibitors of a variety of proteolytic enzymes such as aspartyl proteases, serine proteases, metallo proteases and cysteinyl proteases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of compounds which are substrates or inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes and to apparatus and methods for identifying substrates or inhibitors for proteolytic enzymes. We have devised a combinatorial method for the rapid indentification of binding motifs which will greatly expedite the synthesis of inhibitors of a variety of proteolytic enzymes such as aspartyl proteases, serine proteases, metallo proteases and cysteinyl proteases.

Abstract: Method for preparing a combinatorial chemistry library of compounds of the formula R1—C(═O)—NH—R2, wherein R1 and R2 are as defined in the specification, which comprises acylating a combinatorial chemistry intermediate of the formula 1A wherein Y1, Y2, X, n, R1 and R2 are as defined in the specification to produce a compound of the formula wherein Y1, R1, R2 and X are as defined in the specification, followed by acidolytic cleavage of the resin bound linker to release the compound of the formula R1—C(═O)—NH—R2.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds for use in the treatment of allergic diseases including juvenile asthma and eczema. The compounds can inhibit IgE mediated reaction to major environmental and occupational allergens and can also have a prophylactic effect against allergic disease by preventing allergic sensitization to environmental and occupational allergens when administered to at-risk individuals (e.g., those at genetic risk of asthma and those exposed to occupational allergens in the workplace). The compounds are also useful for inactivation or attenuation of the allergenicity of allergens in situ. The invention provides compounds and ligands per se, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, processes for producing the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions, and methods for using the compounds and compositions in treatment or prophylaxis of IgE mediated allergic diseases and in inactivation or attenuation of allergens in situ.