Abstract: This invention relates to catalysts for polyesterol synthesis and the use of a di-thio compound as catalyst for the production of polyester-polyols.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sulfur-containing polyester polyols and to the preparation and use thereof.

Abstract: A copolymer which comprises, in copolymerized form, (A) 60 to 99% by weight of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated polyalkylene oxide monomer of the formula I (I) in which the variables have the following meanings: X is —CH2— or —CO—, if Y is —O—; is —CO—, if Y is —NH—; Y is —O— or —NH—; R1 is hydrogen or methyl; R2 are identical or different C2-C6-alkylene radicals, which may be arranged blockwise or randomly; R3 is hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl; n is an integer from 25 to 75, (B) 1 to 40% by weight of at least one quaternized nitrogen-containing monoethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of monomers of formula Ha to IId (Ha-IId) in which the variables have the following meanings: R is C1-C4-alkyl or benzyl; R? is hydrogen or methyl; Y is —O— or —NH—; A is C1-C6-alkylene; X— is halide, C1-C4-alkyl sulfate, C1-C4-alkylsulfonate and Ci-C4-alkyl carbonate, (C) 0 to 10% by weight of anionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, and (D) 0 to 30% by weight of other nonionic monoeth

Abstract: An automatic dishwashing cleaning composition including a dispersant polymer and a surface-modification surface-substantive polymer wherein the composition leaves glass after being washed with the composition in an automatic dishwasher with a contact angle with deionised water of less than about 50° and wherein the surface-modification surface-substantive polymer has a rivulet forming effect on water drainage from glass.

Abstract: The need for a liquid hard surface cleaning composition which provides reduced drying time is met by formulating the composition using copolymer comprising non-ionic monomeric units, a low level of cationic monomeric units, and other optional monomers.

Abstract: A dishwashing composition including a copolymer which includes polyalkylene oxide groups and quaternary nitrogen atoms.

Abstract: Process for the production of paper, board and cardboard having high dry strength by addition of (a) at least one trivalent cation in the form of a salt, (b) at least one water-soluble cationic polymer and (c) at least one water-soluble amphoteric polymer to the paper stock, draining of the paper stock with sheet formation and subsequent drying of the paper products, the water-soluble cationic polymer (b) being selected from the group consisting of the (i) polymers comprising vinylamine units and (ii) polymers comprising ethylenimine units.

Abstract: Process for the production of paper, board and cardboard having high dry strength by addition of at least one water-soluble (a) polymer comprising vinylamine units and at least one (b) polymer comprising ethylenimine units and at least one water-soluble polymeric anionic compound to a paper stock, draining of the paper stock with sheet formation and drying of the paper products, the water-soluble cationic polymers (a) and (b) being metered in any sequence or as a mixture into a paper stock, and papers which are obtainable by this process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing paper, board and cardboard of high dry strength by separately adding a polymer comprising vinylamine units and a polymeric anionic compound to a paper pulp, dewatering the pulp and drying the paper products, which comprises using as polymeric anionic compound at least one copolymer obtainable by copolymerizing (a) at least one N-vinylcarboxamide of the formula in which R1 and R2 are H or C1- to C6 alkyl, (b) at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising acid groups, and/or the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts thereof, and if appropriate (c) other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, and if appropriate (d) compounds having at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds in their molecule.

Abstract: A process for producing a polymer powder comprising vinylformamide units by free radical polymerization of an aqueous solution of N-vinylformamide and if appropriate other monomers and drying the polymer which comprises an aqueous monomer solution comprising N-vinylformamide and at least one polymerization initiator being spray dispensed as an aerosol or dropletized at the top of a heatable tower-shaped reactor, then polymerizing the aerosol or droplets in an inert gas atmosphere to form a finely divided solid and discharging the finely divided polymer from the reactor.

Abstract: A process for producing a polymer powder comprising vinylformamide units by free radical polymerization of an aqueous solution of N-vinylformamide and if appropriate other monomers and drying the polymer which comprises an aqueous monomer solution comprising N-vinylformamide and at least one polymerization initiator being spray dispensed as an aerosol or dropletized at the top of a heatable tower-shaped reactor, then polymerizing the aerosol or droplets in an inert gas atmosphere to form a finely divided solid and discharging the finely divided polymer from the reactor.

Abstract: Process for the production of paper, board and cardboard having high dry strength by addition of (a) at least one trivalent cation in the form of a salt, (b) at least one water-soluble cationic polymer and (c) at least one water-soluble amphoteric polymer to the paper stock, draining of the paper stock with sheet formation and subsequent drying of the paper products, the water-soluble cationic polymer (b) being selected from the group consisting of the (i) polymers comprising vinylamine units and (ii) polymers comprising ethylenimine units.

Abstract: Process for the production of paper, board and cardboard having high dry strength by addition of at least one water-soluble (a) polymer comprising vinylamine units and at least one (b) polymer comprising ethylenimine units and at least one water-soluble polymeric anionic compound to a paper stock, draining of the paper stock with sheet formation and drying of the paper products, the water-soluble cationic polymers (a) and (b) being metered in any sequence or as a mixture into a paper stock, and papers which are obtainable by this process.

Abstract: Process for the production of paper, board and cardboard having high dry strength by separate addition of a polymer comprising vinylamine units and of ligninsulfonic acid and/or a ligninsulfonate to a paper stock, draining of the paper stock and drying of the paper products.

Abstract: Process for the production of paper, board and cardboard having high dry strength by separate addition of a polymer comprising vinylamine units and of ligninsulfonic acid and/or a ligninsulfonate to a paper stock, draining of the paper stock and drying of the paper products.

Abstract: Method for reducing the formamide content of preparations (P) prepared from N-vinylformamide monomers by polymerization.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of water-soluble polymers of N-vinylcarboxamides contain, based on 100 parts of water, (A) from 5 to 80 parts by weight of water-soluble polymer containing N-vinylformamide units and/or N-vinylacetamide units and having particle sizes of from 50 nm to 2 ?m and (B) from 1 to 50 parts by weight of at least one polymeric dispersant which is incompatible with the water-soluble polymers (A) in aqueous solution, which dispersions are prepared by polymerizing (A) from 5 to 80 parts by weight of N-vinylformamide and/or N-vinylacetamide, if desired together with other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which form water-soluble polymers therewith, and (B) from 1 to 50 parts by weight of at least one polymeric dispersant which is incompatible with the polymers, formed from the monomers (A), in aqueous solution, in 100 parts by weight of water, at from 30 to 95° C. in the presence of from 0.001 to 5.

Abstract: Methods for combating fungi using dioncophylline A or dioncophylline B.