Abstract: A reaction pathfinder system can leverage historical chemical reaction data and determine a synthesis route in a reaction network. The reaction pathfinder system can account for various performance criteria of chemical reactions such as a highest yield for a molecule or a minimal number of reaction steps. A reaction pathfinder system receives a user request for a synthesis route including one of a user-specified molecule or a user-specified reaction. The reaction pathfinder system may then query a reaction network that has various synthesis routes and represents reactions of reactants to produce respective molecules. The reaction network may be composed of molecule nodes and reaction nodes. The reaction pathfinder system determines, using the reaction network, the synthesis route from the synthesis routes to fulfill the user's request.

Abstract: A beverage comprising a collagen hydrolysate is disclosed. Absorption of the collagen hydrolysate in the intestinal tract can be modulated depending on the molecular weight of the collagen peptides and the presence of certain additives. The optimal concentration of 10,000 dalton collagen hydrolysate for intestinal absorption is about 8.4 g/l which does not appreciably increase even if the collagen concentration is increased to 20, 30 or even 40 g/l in the presence or absence of whey protein. In contrast, the absorption of a 2,000 Dalton collagen hydrolysate composition that does not contain additional proteins is shown to be enhanced by the addition of supplements including vitamins and/or CO2. The absorption is shown to increase with collagen concentration up to an optimal concentration of about 20 g/l. At collagen concentrations greater then about 20 g/l, the absorption of the collagen peptides remains constant, thus the percentage of collagen hydrolysate that is absorbed declines.

Abstract: Compounded copolyamide powders, processes for preparation of compounded copolyamide powders, articles made therefrom and uses.

Abstract: An adapter for holding a rear tip extender onto the cylinder of a penile prosthesis or onto another rear tip extender is described herein.

Abstract: Devices for introducing and positioning urethral slings within female subjects are described herein. Also described are methods for using such devices, as well as articles of manufacture containing the devices.