Abstract: A cylinder housing for a reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, includes a first cylinder which is delimited by a first cylinder barrel and a second cylinder which is delimited by a second cylinder barrel. The cylinders differ from one another with respect to their respective inner contour formed by the respective cylinder barrels.

Abstract: An engine block for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle has a cylinder within which a piston can be movably accommodated between a top dead center and a bottom dead center and has a cylinder bore, the internal cylinder diameter of which expands in the direction of the bottom dead center. The internal cylinder diameter expands only below the region in which a piston system change takes place during operation of the internal combustion engine. The internal cylinder diameter tapers from the top dead center to the region.

Abstract: An engine block for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle has a cylinder within which a piston can be movably accommodated between a top dead center and a bottom dead center and has a cylinder bore, the internal cylinder diameter of which expands in the direction of the bottom dead center. The internal cylinder diameter expands only below the region in which a piston system change takes place during operation of the internal combustion engine. The internal cylinder diameter tapers from the top dead center to the region.

Abstract: A cylinder housing for a reciprocating-piston internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, includes a first cylinder which is delimited by a first cylinder barrel and a second cylinder which is delimited by a second cylinder barrel. The cylinders differ from one another with respect to their respective inner contour formed by the respective cylinder barrels.

Abstract: A method for coating a substrate in which a wire-like spray material based on iron is melted in an electric arc and is isolated as a layer on the substrate is disclosed. The following alloy components are contained in the spray material: carbon: 0.1% by weight to 0.3% by weight; manganese: 1.5% by weight to 2.0% by weight; and silicon: 0.25% by weight to 0.4% by weight, respectively with regard to a total weight. The substrate is an aluminium alloy and the surface thereof is roughened mechanically before the coating in such a way that a roughness is formed with undercuts which are filled with the spray material over the course of the coating and therefore a cause a mechanical interlocking of the coating with the substrate. The coating is removed on the surface. An electric arc wire sprayed layer based on iron on the substrate is also disclosed.

Abstract: In an actuating device with at least one electrical or electromagnetic actuation unit, at least two activation sequences performed by different actuation elements of the actuation unit are associated with at least two different electrical and/or electromagnetic states of the actuation unit via electric coil units energized by current flowing in different flow directions.

Abstract: An electrode and method for the electrochemical machining of a workpiece is disclosed. The electrode is designed as a cathodically polarized tool electrode. It has a geometry that corresponds to the geometry to be removed from the workpiece, at least in a machining range, and perviousnesses in the electrode to allow an electrolyte to flow through and exit at the electrode surface, at least in the area of the machining range. The perviousnesses are formed by a porous design of the electrode and/or by artificially created openings in the electrode or the electrode surface. The porosity distribution and/or the number, arrangement and configuration of the openings is selected such that a uniform electrolyte flow and/or electrolyte exchange at the electrode surface is ensured at least in the machining range of the electrode.

Abstract: In an actuating device with at least one electrical or electromagnetic actuation unit, at least two activation sequences performed by different actuation elements of the actuation unit are associated with at least two different electrical and/or electromagnetic states of the actuation unit via electric coil units energized by current flowing in different flow directions.

Abstract: An electrode and method for the electrochemical machining of a workpiece is disclosed. The electrode is designed as a cathodically polarized tool electrode. It has a geometry that corresponds to the geometry to be removed from the workpiece, at least in a machining range, and perviousnesses in the electrode to allow an electrolyte to flow through and exit at the electrode surface, at least in the area of the machining range. The perviousnesses are formed by a porous design of the electrode and/or by artificially created openings in the electrode or the electrode surface. The porosity distribution and/or the number, arrangement and configuration of the openings is selected such that a uniform electrolyte flow and/or electrolyte exchange at the electrode surface is ensured at least in the machining range of the electrode.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus reduces particles in exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine by passing the exhaust gases through a microwave energy field in a resonator for applying energy and burning the particles. In order to improve the application of energy, the particles are agglomerated beforehand in a high-voltage field of an electrostatic filter.