Abstract: A method for operating a motor drive to supply power to an electric motor comprises: measuring at least one phase current in the electric motor; measuring a rotational speed of the electric motor; adjusting, based on the rotational speed of the electric motor, at least one observer gain coefficient of an observer gain matrix of a Luenberger Current Observer (LCO); and determining, using the LCO, an estimated motor current of the electric motor. A motor drive comprises: an inverter operable to supply AC power to an electric motor, a current sensor, a speed sensor, and a controller configured to: adjust, based on the rotational speed of the electric motor, at least one observer gain coefficient of an observer gain matrix of a Luenberger Current Observer (LCO). The controller is also configured to determine, using the LCO, an estimated motor current of the electric motor.

Abstract: A electrode structure is provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure, including an electrode active material particle and an electrode coating layer. The electrode coating layer covers the positive electrode, in which the electrode coating layer includes a structure of formula 1, in which R1 is oxygen, sulfur, ketone group or hydrocarbon group, R2 is oxygen, sulfur, ketone group or hydrocarbon group, R3 is oxygen, sulfur, ketone group or hydrocarbon group, and X is sulfonic acid group.

Abstract: An imidazolidinylide compound for use as a shut-down additive for a lithium-ion battery. The imidazolidinylide compound has a formula (I), wherein, R1 to R4, each independently the other, is a linear C1- to C16-alkyl group, a branched C1- to C16-alkyl group, a C2- to C16-alkenyl group, a C3- to C8-cycloalkyl group, or a C3- to C16-arene group, wherein at least one of R2 and R3 may also be H, R1 to R4, each independently of the other, is completely, partially or not fluorinated, and R1 to R3 may each also contain O as a heteroatom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the sequential and convergent preparation of ordered block copolymers comprising at least one non-polar and one polar polymer block, wherein the non-polar block is built up from specific monomers via a living sequential anionic polymerization by means of a Li-organyl initiator having a pKa greater than or equal to 45 and the polar block is a polymer block having a molecular weight greater than or equal to 350 g/mol and less than or equal to 5000 g/mol and being built up from monomers selected from the group consisting of C2-C10 oxacyclo compounds, their derivatives or mixtures of at least two different monomers thereof, wherein the polar polymer block is covalently linked to the non-polar block anion in a single step via an epoxy functionalization of one of the monomers of the polar block, obtained via a reaction of this monomer with epichlorohydrin, in a non-polar solvent in the presence of free Li ions.

Abstract: To provide efficient triangle index mapping for an object-space shading, a geometry processing includes splitting UV coordinate data of an object to be shaded into UV layers so that each UV layer comprises non-overlapping triangles with coordinates within a 0-1 range, and generating triangle index, ID, information for the UV layers to be used for the object-space shading with a ray tracing of triangle IDs for sample points in the UV layers. As a result, a unique texture space with non-overlapping triangles within the 0-1 range is provided to store texture-space shading. A rendering apparatus configured for such geometry processing is beneficial to provide an efficient solution for building an object-space shading framework.

Abstract: A multi-phase power converter includes a printed circuit board having a plurality of conductive layers in a spaced apart and parallel relationship. The plurality of conductive layers includes a plurality of power planes in an interleaved configuration with alternating positive and negative voltages and configured to conduct a relatively high current for supplying to a load. The multi-phase power converter also includes a plurality of switching transistors disposed on an upper surface of the printed circuit board and configured to selectively conduct the relatively high current. The conductive layers include at least one signal plane disposed between the plurality of power planes and a surface of the printed circuit board, the at least one signal plane transmitting signals for controlling operation of the plurality of switching transistors. A power converter phase includes a high-side transistor, a low-side transistor, and a driver circuit disposed adjacent to the transistors.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode material and production method thereof. The electrode material comprises: an electrode active material; and an elastic layer coated on the electrode active material, wherein the elastic layer comprises the elements of C, H, O, N, S and the electrode material has the characteristic peaks at mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) 261±0.5, (m/z) 155±0.5, (m/z) 80±0.5, (m/z) 32±0.5, and (m/z) 14±0.5 using TOF-SIMS with the primary ion of Bi1+.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolyte arrangement for a cell having at least one anode (1) and at least one cathode (3) comprising at least three superposed layers (2.1, 2.2, 2.3), wherein the middle layer (2.2) comprises a porous electrically nonconductive structure, and wherein a layer of a polymer-based electrolyte (2.1, 2.3) is arranged on both opposite sides of the porous electrically nonconductive structure, wherein at least one of the superposed layers (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) contains a ceramic material, wherein the ceramic material of the middle layer (2.2) is selected from metal ion-conductive ceramic material, a ceramic material which does not conduct metal ions, and/or mixtures thereof, and the ceramic material of the polymer-based electrolyte layer(s) (2.1, 2.3) is a metal ion-conductive ceramic material.

Abstract: A measuring arrangement for secondary alkaline solid electrolyte batteries comprising—two electrically non-conductive cell body halves, both cell body halves comprising at least one and one cell body half comprising at least three feedthroughs, both cell body halves forming a receiving space for receiving a solid electrolyte battery cell comprising at least an anode, a cathode and a solid electrolyte. An electrically conductive holding element for each feedthrough; an electrical contact element for each support element, the electrical contact element being adapted to change its length in response to the force applied to the element; and two planar current conductors comprising electrically conductive and electrically non-conductive regions, at least one of the current conductors being adapted to form at least three separate electrically conductive connections between the contact elements and an electrode of the solid electrolyte battery cell.

Abstract: A system and a method for exchanging data between a server and a client in an industrial data network, wherein the server employs a first information model for information interchange and the client employs a second information model for information interchange, where the method includes converting the first and the second information models in a first and a second machine-interpretable description, deducing similarities between elements of the first and the second machine-interpretable description, proposing and implementing a mapping of at least one element of the first information model to an element of the second information model based on the deduced similarities in text and in structure and, employing, by a gateway entity, the mapping for a data exchange between the server and the client such that the semantic mapping of virtually any input, vendor-specific metadata, and any output model (including OPC UA-based models) is achieved.

Abstract: A modular rolling chassis assembly for an electric vehicle includes a central housing extending from a front end to a rear end to define a central cavity. An electric energy storage system (ESS) is disposed or housed in the central cavity. A front suspension module is connected to the front end of the central housing and a rear suspension module is connected to rear end of the central housing to complete a modular build for the rolling chassis assembly which improves on the large, heavy and cost intensive integral chassis associated with the prior skateboard architectures.

Abstract: A lithium battery including an anode having an active anode material, a cathode having an active cathode material. The cathode material includes lithium nickel cobalt manganese cobalt oxide (NCM). An electrolyte separates the anode and cathode. The electrolyte includes a solvent or solvent mixture and lithium hexafluorophosphate, and a germanium organyl-based electrolyte additive. Also disclosed are uses of the germanium organyl-based electrolyte additive in the lithium battery for enhancing one characteristic selected from the group consisting of reversible capacity, Coulombic efficiency, cyclic stability and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid electrolyte for use in lithium-ion, lithium-metal, and lithium-sulfur batteries, in which the liquid electrolyte comprises at least one organic nonlinear carbonate, at least one lithium salt, and at least one cyclic sulfoxide, and in which the liquid electrolyte does not comprise a combination of propylene carbonate, tetrahydrothiophene-1-oxide, and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI). Also disclosed is a lithium secondary battery comprising an anode, a cathode, a separator, and the liquid electrolyte for use in lithium-ion, lithium-metal, and lithium-sulfur batteries.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing a multilayer filter medium, including at least the production steps of providing a woven fabric layer (12) having passage points (24) for fluid, providing a nonwoven layer of a spunbonded nonwoven (18) and having additional passage points (28) for fluid, and joining the two superimposed layers (12, 18) along contact points (30) by melting the nonwoven layer (18) in such a way that while the additional passage points (28) enlarge, the molten spunbonded nonwoven material flows at least in part to the contact points (30) and then cumulatively curs there to produce firm connection points between the two layers (12, 18).

Abstract: A solvent-free solid electrolyte is provided for an alkali metal solid state battery including an alkali metal conducting salt and a semi-interpenetrating network (sIPN) of a crosslinked and a non-crosslinked polymer. The semi-interpenetrating network is selected from a non-crosslinked polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide (PEO), polycarbonate (PC), polycaprolactone (PCL), chain end modified derivatives of these polymers or mixtures of at least two components thereof, and the crosslinked polymer comprises polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGdMA). Furthermore, to a process is provided for preparing a solid electrolyte and to an alkali metal battery including the solid electrolyte.

Abstract: An electrolyte includes at least one lithium salt, at least one first organic solvent having a dielectric constant of >90 at 40° C., at least one second organic solvent having a boiling point of <110° C., and at least one phosphite having the formula (I) R1 is selected from an n-propoxy group, an iso-propoxy group, a tert-butoxy group, an n-pentafluoropropoxy group, an n-trifluoropropoxy group, an iso-hexafluoropropoxy group, or a tert-nonafluorobutoxy group. R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each selected, independently of one another, from H, a trifluoromethyl group, or a C2-C6-alkyl group which is substituted with a trifluoromethyl group.

Abstract: A system for transferring waste heat from a range extender module of an electric vehicle to a cabin module includes a cooling circuit in the range extender module and a heating circuit of the cabin module. The cooling circuit is thermally coupled to the heating circuit. The cooling circuit includes a thermal coupler and the heating circuit includes a corresponding thermal coupler. The thermal coupler of the cabin module heating circuit may be disposed at the rear of the cabin module, and the thermal coupler for the cooling circuit of the range extender module may be disposed at the front of the range extender module. The thermal coupler of the range extender module may be longitudinally adjustable.

Abstract: A method and system for characterizing a state of health of a winding of an electric machine are provided. The winding may include one or more stator windings in an electric machine, for example, a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The method comprises: applying a voltage pulse to the winding; measuring a phase current signal of a current supplied to the winding; determining a high-frequency transient current based on the phase current signal. The state of health of the winding may be calculated as a function of change in frequency spectrum of the high-frequency transient current. The method may include calculating a plurality of packets using a wavelet packet decomposition of the high-frequency transient current; and determining one or both of: the state of health or a classification of degradation, using an indicator based upon at least one packet of the plurality of packets.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the sequential and convergent preparation of ordered block copolymers comprising at least one non-polar and one polar polymer block, wherein the non-polar block is built up from specific monomers via a living sequential anionic polymerization by means of a Li-organyl initiator having a pKa greater than or equal to 45 and the polar block is a polymer block having a molecular weight greater than or equal to 350 g/mol and less than or equal to 5000 g/mol and being built up from monomers selected from the group consisting of C2-C10 oxacyclo compounds, their derivatives or mixtures of at least two different monomers thereof, wherein the polar polymer block is covalently linked to the non-polar block anion in a single step via an epoxy functionalization of one of the monomers of the polar block, obtained via a reaction of this monomer with epichlorohydrin, in a non-polar solvent in the presence of free Li ions.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode material and production method thereof. The electrode material comprises: an electrode active material; and an elastic layer coated on the electrode active material, wherein the elastic layer comprises the elements of C, H, O, N, S and the electrode material has the characteristic peaks at mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) 261±0.5, (m/z) 155±0.5, (m/z) 80±0.5, (m/z) 32±0.5, and (m/z) 14±0.5 using TOF-SIMS with the primary ion of Bi1+.