Abstract: Hydraulic fluid flushing valve for hydrostatic units usable in closed hydraulic circuit propel applications, having a flushing valve housing with a first inlet port connected to a first working line, a second inlet port connected to a second working line, and a discharge port for draining hydraulic fluid. A two-sided flushing valve flushing valve spool which can be shifted is mounted within the flushing valve housing in a cylindrical valve bore, which, in a shifted position, enables a fluid flow from one of the first or the second inlet port at which the lower hydraulic pressure is present, to the discharge port. The flushing valve spool includes on each side a pressure surface each of which is connected to one of the two inlet ports.

Abstract: A method of determining one or more characteristic values for an environment automatically trafficable by vehicles comprises the steps: providing a spatially resolving, electronically usable representation of the environment; providing parameters that describe properties of vehicles and of the traffic in the environment; simulating the traffic in the environment with reference to the electronically usable representation of the environment and with reference to the parameters provided; in the simulation, detecting and counting events of interest, detecting and counting events of interest, determining the characteristic values with reference to the counter result, and outputting and/or storing the characteristic value.

Abstract: Hydraulic fluid flushing valve for hydrostatic units usable in closed hydraulic circuit propel applications, having a flushing valve housing with a first inlet port connected to a first working line, a second inlet port connected to a second working line, and a discharge port for draining hydraulic fluid. A two-sided flushing valve flushing valve spool which can be shifted is mounted within the flushing valve housing in a cylindrical valve bore, which, in a shifted position, enables a fluid flow from one of the first or the second inlet port at which the lower hydraulic pressure is present, to the discharge port. The flushing valve spool includes on each side a pressure surface each of which is connected to one of the two inlet ports.

Abstract: Displacement control device for providing pressure fluid to a servo unit for adjusting the displacement of a pressure fluid unit, having a control cylinder in which a control spool is mounted shiftable along the longitudinal axis of the control cylinder, an inlet port, a servo port and a discharge port are formed in the control cylinder longitudinally spaced from each other, wherein the control spool comprising: a basically cylindrical outer surface; a front face on which an actuation force can act for shifting the control spool along the longitudinal axis; a discharge area opposite to the front face; a longitudinal bore inside the control spool, wherein one end of the longitudinal bore opens towards the front face and the other end is connected via a backpressure orifice with the discharge area; a control recess provided lengthwise in the outer surface; a radial bore which connects via a flow limiting orifice the longitudinal bore with the outer surface, wherein the opening of the radial bore at the outer su

Abstract: Displacement control device for providing pressure fluid to a servo unit for adjusting the displacement of a pressure fluid unit, having a control cylinder in which a control spool is mounted shiftable along the longitudinal axis of the control cylinder, an inlet port, a servo port and a discharge port are formed in the control cylinder longitudinally spaced from each other, wherein the control spool comprising: a basically cylindrical outer surface; a front face on which an actuation force can act for shifting the control spool along the longitudinal axis; a discharge area opposite to the front face; a longitudinal bore inside the control spool, wherein one end of the longitudinal bore opens towards the front face and the other end is connected via a backpressure orifice with the discharge area; a control recess provided lengthwise in the outer surface; a radial bore which connects via a flow limiting orifice the longitudinal bore with the outer surface, wherein the opening of the radial bore at the outer su

Abstract: A method of determining one or more characteristic values for an environment automatically trafficable by vehicles comprises the steps: providing a spatially resolving, electronically usable representation of the environment; providing parameters that describe properties of vehicles and of the traffic in the environment; simulating the traffic in the environment with reference to the electronically usable representation of the environment and with reference to the parameters provided; in the simulation, detecting and counting events of interest, detecting and counting events of interest, determining the characteristic values with reference to the counter result, and outputting and/or storing the characteristic value.

Abstract: Pressure relief valve (1) comprising a valve housing (2), in which a double-side operable cylindrical pressure relief valve spool (3) is housed slidable along a longitudinal axis (4) of a cylindrical bore (5) in the valve housing (2). The pressure relief valve spool (3) can be shifted into a first position by a first force acting on an actuating side (6) of the pressure relief valve spool (3) and can be shifted into a second position by a pressure force acting on a sealing side (7) of the pressure relief valve spool (3). On the sealing side (7) of the pressure relief valve spool (3) a double-sealing, rotational symmetric poppet (30) is located having a rotational axis (34), a first convex sealing surface (31) and a second convex sealing surface (32). The first sealing surface (31) facing away from the pressure relief valve spool (3) is provided for sealing with an external valve seat (11).

Abstract: The invention relates to a displacement unit (1) of a hydraulic machine, for which the hysteresis is reduced. For this purpose, in the control spool (3) and/or at the control spool (3) a mass body (16) and a spring (17) are arranged, which are excited to resonance vibrations. The vibrations are self-excited and sustained by a partial flow rate of the hydraulic fluid which is modulated periodically. The high frequent vibrations are transmitted over the spring (17) onto the associated control spool (3), thereby reducing the friction and hence the hysteresis.

Abstract: Method for deceleration of a hydrostatic transmission 3 driven by a drive motor 2 comprising a closed hydraulic fluid circuit, in which a hydraulic pump 4 coupled mechanically with the drive motor 2 and a hydraulic motor 5 are arranged. Two hydraulic lines 6, 7 connect the hydraulic pump 4 and the hydraulic motor 5 and constitute for the hydraulic motor 5 according to the drive direction of the hydrostatic transmission 3 a supply line 6 and a return line 7.

Abstract: Pressure relief valve (1) comprising a valve housing (2), in which a double-side operable cylindrical pressure relief valve spool (3) is housed slidable along a longitudinal axis (4) of a cylindrical bore (5) in the valve housing (2). The pressure relief valve spool (3) can be shifted into a first position by a first force acting on an actuating side (6) of the pressure relief valve spool (3) and can be shifted into a second position by a pressure force acting on a sealing side (7) of the pressure relief valve spool (3). On the sealing side (7) of the pressure relief valve spool (3) a double-sealing, rotational symmetric poppet (30) is located having a rotational axis (34), a first convex sealing surface (31) and a second convex sealing surface (32). The first sealing surface (31) facing away from the pressure relief valve spool (3) is provided for sealing with an external valve seat (11).

Abstract: Hydrostatic adjusting device of a hydraulic machine, the swept volume of which can be adjusted by way of a servo adjusting unit, having a control unit which has a control cylinder which has at least one inlet for pressurized hydraulic fluid, at least one servo connector for a connecting line to the servo adjusting unit, and at least one outlet to a hydraulic fluid collecting region. A control piston is arranged in the control cylinder, which control piston can be displaced by means of at least one control piston actuator and has control edges. In interaction with control edges which are configured in the control cylinder, the inlet or the outlet can be alternately connected hydraulically to the connecting line, whereby the pressure which prevails in the connecting line can be returned hydraulically via a control line to at least one end side of the control piston.

Abstract: The invention relates to a displacement unit (1) of a hydraulic machine, for which the hysteresis is reduced. For this purpose, in the control spool (3) and/or at the control spool (3) a mass body (16) and a spring (17) are arranged, which are excited to resonance vibrations. The vibrations are self-excited and sustained by a partial flow rate of the hydraulic fluid which is modulated periodically. The high frequent vibrations are transmitted over the spring (17) onto the associated control spool (3), thereby reducing the friction and hence the hysteresis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a displacement unit (1) of a hydraulic machine, for which the hysteresis is reduced. For this purpose, in the control spool (3) and/or at the control spool (3) a mass body (16) and a spring (17) are arranged, which are excited to resonance vibrations. The vibrations are self-excited and sustained by a partial flow rate of the hydraulic fluid which is modulated periodically. The high frequent vibrations are transmitted over the spring (17) onto the associated control spool (3), thereby reducing the friction and hence the hysteresis.

Abstract: Method for deceleration of a hydrostatic transmission 3 driven by a drive motor 2 comprising a closed hydraulic fluid circuit, in which a hydraulic pump 4 coupled mechanically with the drive motor 2 and a hydraulic motor 5 are arranged. Two hydraulic lines 6, 7 connect the hydraulic pump 4 and the hydraulic motor 5 and constitute for the hydraulic motor 5 according to the drive direction of the hydrostatic transmission 3 a supply line 6 and a return line 7.

Abstract: Hydrostatic adjusting device of a hydraulic machine, the swept volume of which can be adjusted by way of a servo adjusting unit, having a control unit which has a control cylinder which has at least one inlet for pressurized hydraulic fluid, at least one servo connector for a connecting line to the servo adjusting unit, and at least one outlet to a hydraulic fluid collecting region. A control piston is arranged in the control cylinder, which control piston can be displaced by means of at least one control piston actuator and has control edges. In interaction with control edges which are configured in the control cylinder, the inlet or the outlet can be alternately connected hydraulically to the connecting line, whereby the pressure which prevails in the connecting line can be returned hydraulically via a control line to at least one end side of the control piston.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the safe detection and position determination of objects by means of an optoelectronic scanner. In this method an external reference target is provided in the field of vision and the actual signal level of the reflections from the reference target is detected. A desired degree of reflection of the reference target is calculated from the measured distance from the reference target, from a scanner-specific distance-dependent reception characteristic of the light receiver and from the currently measured received signal on the reference target. Since the degree of reflection of the reference target is not fixedly predefined and is e.g. not taught, but is rather fixed by the aforesaid calculation on the putting into operation, the safety apparatus in accordance with the invention has an exactly defined detection capability even if soft targets such as fog, rain, snow or other air pollution are present.

Abstract: An optoelectronic sensor and method for detecting an object in a three-dimensional monitored region uses a plurality of video sensors. Each sensor has a multiplicity of light-receiving elements that are configured to take a pixel picture of the monitored space, and a control unit identifies an object in the monitored space from video data of the pixel picture. Each video sensor has at least one pixel line that is formed by light-receiving elements. The video sensors are spaced from each other so that each sensor monitors an associated plane of the monitored space.

Abstract: An optoelectronic safety sensor (10) is set forth for the contactless measurement of paths and/or speeds of the safety sensor (10) or of a first object connected in a fixed position to the safety sensor (10) with respect to a second object (12) moved relatively to the first object, which form a potential source of danger, wherein the safety sensor (10) has a light source (20), a light receiver (16) with a plurality of light reception elements and has an evaluation unit (22), with the evaluation unit (22) being configured to determine by means of an optical correlation process and/or by evaluation of the optical flow the path and/or the speed from at least two images of a surface structure (18, 18a, 18b) of the second object (12) taken sequentially by the light receiver (22).

Abstract: Monitoring the functioning and/or adjustment of an optoelectronic sensor arrangement (10) exhibiting at least two optical transmitters (S1, S2, S3), to each of which a laterally-resolving optical receiver is assigned, such that each of the optical transmitters (S1, S2, S3) and the corresponding optical receivers (E1, E2, E3) are so positioned relative to each other that a light ray (L1a, L2a, L3a) emitted from the optical transmitter (S1, S2, S3) can be detected by the corresponding optical receiver (E1, E2, E3) after being reflected by a boundary surface (F), which process involves the following steps: a) detecting the current position-proportional reception values for each optical transmitter (S1, S2, S3) and corresponding optical receiver (E1, E2, E3), b) determining the current relative positions for the reception values of any two adjacent optical transmitters (S1, S2, S3), p0 c) comparing the current relative positions for the reception values with stored reference values.

Abstract: An optoelectronic sensor arrangement (1), with a plurality of optical transmitters (21, 22) positioned side by side in an optical transmitter strip (12), such that each optical transmitter (21, 22) transmits the light of a transmitted cone (?1, ?2) into a surveillance area (50), and with a plurality of optical receivers (31, 32) positioned side by side in an optical receiver strip (14), which optical receivers (31, 32) receive the light of a received cone (?1, ?2) from the surveillance area (50), where each receiver (31, 32)comprises a spatially-resolving element (41, 42), such that each optical transmitter (21, 22) and optical receiver (31, 32) form an optical receiver/transmitter pair, and a control unit contains means for determining the optical incident point (L1, L1?, L2, L3) on one of the optical receivers (31, 32) of the transmitted cone (?1, ?2) of each optical transmitter (21, 22) and/or of a foreign light source (G1).