Abstract: This invention relates to kits, compositions, and formulations comprising AICA riboside and analogs thereof and methods of using the same. The kits may comprise the compositions and/or formulations within a pH range, in a sterilized form. The kits may further comprise containers with a second therapeutic agent. The kits and compositions herein can be used to prevent morbidity/mortality in a patient or to prevent/treat an ischemic condition, a condition regulated by adenosine, or a condition associated with reduced blood flow to a tissue in a patient.