Abstract: The invention provides a compound of formula (0): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, N-oxide or tautomer thereof; wherein: n is 1 or 2; X is CH or N; Y is selected from CH and C—F; Z is selected from C—Rz and N; R1 is selected from: -(Alk1)t-Cyc1; wherein t is 0 or 1; Optionally substituted C1-6 acyclic hydrocarbon groups R2 is selected from hydrogen; halogen; and C1-3 hydrocarbon groups optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms; R3 is hydrogen or a group L1-R7; R4 is selected from hydrogen; methoxy; and optionally substituted C1-3 alkyl; and R4a is selected from hydrogen and a C1-3 alkyl group; wherein Rz, Alk1, Cyc1, L1 and R7 are defined herein; provided that the compound is other than 6-benzyl-3-{2-[(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino]pyridin-4-yl}-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one and 3-{2-[(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino]pyridin-4-yl}-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one and salts and tautomers thereof.

Abstract: Described embodiments generally relate to a method for improving data accuracy of sleep pattern data. The method comprises receiving first data relating to at least one sleep pattern metric; receiving second data relating to the at least one sleep pattern metric, wherein the second data is data entered by a user; determining the difference between the first data and the second data to calculate a data infidelity value; and in response to the data infidelity value exceeding a predetermined threshold, prompting a user to enter third data relating to at least one metric.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are dietary supplement compositions and methods for increasing or stimulating bone growth, decreasing or preventing bone resorption, increasing bone strength, improving bone structure, and improving bone architecture comprising a first composition comprising a combination of at least two of: quercetin, Rehmannia sp., Rehmannia sp. root, Siberian ginseng, Sophora japonica, licorice, and ipriflavone, wherein the combination of the first composition increases bone morphogenic protein-2 gene, promoter or protein expression; and a second composition comprising an extract of pomegranate in combination with at least one of Siberian ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, green tea, Sophora japonica, Rehmannia sp., grape seed, Dong Quai, and ipriflavone, wherein the combination of the second composition inhibits the expression of RANK-L.

Abstract: A composition for administration to a subject with dry eye or a dry eye-associated ocular condition is disclosed. The composition includes a botanical active agent in an amount effective for treating, preventing, and/or ameliorating dry eye or a dry eye-associated ocular condition in a subject upon administration of the composition thereto. The botanical active agent comprises a Zingiber officinale extract, an Eriobotrya japonica extract, or combinations thereof. The composition may be adapted for oral administration to the subject, and formulated as a nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, or supplement, e.g. in a single dosage form of a capsule or softgel. A method of treating, preventing, and/or ameliorating dry eye or a dry eye-associated ocular condition in a subject is also disclosed. The method comprises administering an effective amount of the composition to a subject.

Abstract: A method and composition useful for improving memory of a subject are disclosed. The method comprises the step of administering the composition to the subject. The composition consists essentially of Cistanche extract and Ginkgo extract (e.g. as actives). In a first general embodiment, the extracts are present in a weight ratio (Cistanche to Ginkgo; or “C:G”) that is >2.5:1. In a second general embodiment, the extracts are present in a weight ratio that is <2.5:1. In embodiments of the first general embodiment, the composition comprises about 72-99 weight percent (wt. %) Cistanche tubulosa extract and about 1-28 wt. % Ginkgo biloba extract. In embodiments of the second general embodiment, the composition comprises about 50-70 wt. % Cistanche tubulosa extract and about 30-50 wt. % Ginkgo biloba extract. The Cistanche tubulosa extract is generally obtained from root material and the Ginkgo biloba extract is generally obtained from leaf material. The composition may also include inactives.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are dietary supplement compositions and methods for increasing or stimulating bone growth, decreasing or preventing bone resorption, increasing bone strength, improving bone structure, and improving bone architecture comprising a first composition comprising a combination of at least two of: quercetin, Rehmannia sp., Rehmannia sp. root, Siberian ginseng, Sophora japonica, licorice, and ipriflavone, wherein the combination of the first composition increases bone morphogenic protein-2 gene, promoter or protein expression; and a second composition comprising an extract of pomegranate in combination with at least one of Siberian ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, green tea, Sophora japonica, Rehmannia sp., grape seed, Dong Quai, and ipriflavone, wherein the combination of the second composition inhibits the expression of RANK-L.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are dietary supplement compositions and methods for increasing or stimulating bone growth, decreasing or preventing bone resorption, increasing bone strength, improving bone structure, and improving bone architecture comprising a first composition comprising a combination of at least two of: quercetin, Rehmannia sp., Rehmannia sp. root, Siberian ginseng, Sophora japonica, licorice, and ipriflavone, wherein the combination of the first composition increases bone morphogenic protein-2 gene, promoter or protein expression; and a second composition comprising an extract of pomegranate in combination with at least one of Siberian ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, green tea, Sophora japonica, Rehmannia sp., grape seed, Dong Quai, and ipriflavone, wherein the combination of the second composition inhibits the expression of RANK-L.

Abstract: A method and composition useful for improving memory of a subject are disclosed. The method comprises the step of administering the composition to the subject. The composition consists essentially of Cistanche extract and Ginkgo extract (e.g. as actives). In a first general embodiment, the extracts are present in a weight ratio (Cistanche to Ginkgo; or “C:G”) that is >2.5:1. In a second general embodiment, the extracts are present in a weight ratio that is <2.5:1. In embodiments of the first general embodiment, the composition comprises about 72-99 weight percent (wt. %) Cistanche tubulosa extract and about 1-28 wt. % Ginkgo biloba extract. In embodiments of the second general embodiment, the composition comprises about 50-70 wt. % Cistanche tubulosa extract and about 30-50 wt. % Ginkgo biloba extract. The Cistanche tubulosa extract is generally obtained from root material and the Ginkgo biloba extract is generally obtained from leaf material. The composition may also include inactives.

Abstract: The present invention describes food supplements that contain one or more fruit extracts useful for pain relief and anti-inflammation. The food supplements may be used to inhibit inflammation mediated by cyclooxygenase and more particularly by cyclooxygenase-2.

Abstract: Dietary supplement compositions include an adaptogenic agent, an anti-inflammation agent, and an anti-oxidant. Methods for using dietary supplement compositions include (i) inhibiting, decreasing, and/or preventing delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS); (ii) inhibiting, decreasing, and/or preventing exercise-induced muscle damage; and/or (iii) modulating the expression of genes that are correlated with exercise-induced muscle damage.

Abstract: A composition for modulating cytokines to regulate an inflammatory or immunomodulatory response. The composition can include at least one of rosehips, blueberry, blackberry, elderberry, cranberry, rosemary, clove, feverfew, nettle root, artichoke, reishi mushroom, olive extract, green tea extract, grape seed extract, resveratrol, Aframomum melegueta, boswellia serrata extract, boswellia forte, ipriflavone, tocotrienols, evening primrose oil, INM-176, borage oil, krill oil, at least one type of xanthophyll (e.g., astaxanthin), green coffee extract and ferulic acid. Specifically, a composition of the invention can include: rosehips and at least one of blackberry, blueberry, elderberry, and optionally krill oil; or rosehips, resveratrol and at least one of Aframomum melegueta and astaxanthin.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are dietary supplement compositions and methods for increasing or stimulating bone growth and, decreasing or preventing bone resorption comprising a first composition comprising a combination of at least two of: quercetin, Rehmannia sp., Rehmannia sp. root, Siberian ginseng, Sophora japonica, licorice, and ipriflavone, wherein the combination of the first composition increases BMP-2 gene expression, promoter activity, or protein expression; and a second composition comprising an extract of pomegranate in combination with at least one of Siberian ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, green tea, Sophora japonica, Rehmannia sp., grape seed, Dong Quai, and ipriflavone, wherein the combination of the second composition inhibits the expression of RANK-L.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are dietary supplement compositions and methods for increasing or stimulating bone growth, decreasing or preventing bone resorption, increasing bone strength, improving bone structure, and improving bone architecture comprising a first composition comprising a combination of at least two of: quercetin, Rehmannia sp., Rehmannia sp. root, Siberian ginseng, Sophora japonica, licorice, and ipriflavone, wherein the combination of the first composition increases bone morphogenic protein-2 gene, promoter or protein expression; and a second composition comprising an extract of pomegranate in combination with at least one of Siberian ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, green tea, Sophora japonica, Rehmannia sp., grape seed, Dong Quai, and ipriflavone, wherein the combination of the second composition inhibits the expression of RANK-L.

Abstract: A screen for detecting, identifying, and characterizing chemicals as toxicants is based on the affect of the chemical on gene expression in animal cleavage stage embryos. A microarray screen for detecting and measuring the affects of chemicals on gene expression in animal cleavage stage embryos. A screen for detecting, identifying and characterizing chemicals as toxicants based on the common or differential affects on gene expression in animal cleavage stage embryos and neurulation stage embryos. Markers of chemical exposure and teratogenesis identified using the screen disclosed herein. A treatment that enables the transfer of biotinylated PCR products or DNA to a membrane following gel electrophoresis by depurinating the PCR or DNA products and denaturing the PCR products or DNA.

Abstract: A nutritional supplement composition contains inhibitors of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase substantially in the absence of lipase inhibitors. The composition can include touchi extract and phaseolamin as the alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitor, respectively. A method of limiting the absorption of carbohydrates contained in a foodstuff includes administering the nutritional supplement composition prior to consumption of the carbohydrates, and a method promoting weight loss in an individual includes administering the nutritional supplement composition to the individual over a period of days.

Abstract: The present invention relates to formulations of ingredients that are useful for improving the appearance, texture and/or moisture of skin. In particular, the formulations of the present invention stimulate collagen, elastin, and lipid synthesis and/or inhibit or minimize the loss of collagen, elastin, and lipids in the skin. Additionally, the formulations of the present invention inhibit matrix metalloproteases, such as MMP-1, MMP-9, collagenase, or elastase.

Abstract: There is provided a method of augmenting transient protein synthesis in a cell by delivering to the cell mRNA functionally related to protein production. Also provided is a method of augmenting transient protein synthesis in cells by increasing protein synthesis of growth factors from endogenous cellular mRNA and exogenous mRNA delivered to the cells. A treatment for transiently increasing protein production in cells, said treatment comprising mRNA functionally related to protein production is also provided. There is provided a method of augmenting wound healing by delivering mRNA functionally related to wound healing. Further provided is a therapeutic for transiently increasing protein synthesis in cells, said therapeutic comprising mRNA related to protein production.

Abstract: A nutritional supplement composition contains inhibitors of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase substantially in the absence of lipase inhibitors. The composition can include touchi extract and phaseolamin as the alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitor, respectively. A method of limiting the absorption of carbohydrates contained in a foodstuff includes administering the nutritional supplement composition prior to consumption of the carbohydrates, and a method of promoting weight loss in an individual includes administering the nutritional supplement composition to the individual over a period of days.

Abstract: The present invention relates to formulations of ingredients that are useful for improving the appearance, texture and/or moisture of skin. In particular, the formulations of the present invention stimulate collagen, elastin, and lipid synthesis and/or inhibit or minimize the loss of collagen, elastin, and lipids in the skin. Additionally, the formulations of the present invention inhibit matrix metalloproteases, such as MMP-1, MMP-9, collagenase, or elastase.