Abstract: The disclosure relates to gene expression modulation elements from plants and their use in modulating the expression of one or more heterologous nucleic acid fragments in plants. The disclosure further discloses compositions, polynucleotide constructs, transformed host cells, plants and seeds containing the expression modulating elements, and methods for preparing and using the same.

Abstract: The disclosure provides plants, plant parts, plant cells, seeds and grain containing a targeted genetic modification that inserts an endogenous microRNA recognition sequence into a gene. The disclosure provides plants, plant parts, plant cells, seeds and grain containing a targeted genetic modification that modifies an endogenous microRNA sequence so that the modified microRNA hybridizes to an endogenous gene.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to gene expression modulation elements from plants and their use in modulating the expression of one or more heterologous nucleic acid fragments in plants. The disclosure further discloses compositions, polynucleotide constructs, transformed host cells, plants and seeds containing the expression modulating elements, and methods for preparing and using the same.

Abstract: The field is molecular biology, and more specifically, methods for chromosomal engineering of multiple native genes, such as disease resistance genes in a genomic locus using site-specific editing to produce plants. Also described herein are methods of generating heterologous genomic locus in a plant that comprises a plurality of intraspecies polynucleotide sequences.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to gene expression modulation elements from plants and TATA box sequences and their use in modulating the expression of one or more heterologous nucleic acid fragments in plants. The disclosure further discloses compositions, polynucleotide constructs, transformed host cells, plants and seeds containing the expression modulating elements and TATA box sequences, and methods for preparing and using the same.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for large scale manipulation of genomic regions and chromosomal engineering of plant genomes. Portions of chromosomes may be deleted, translocated, duplicated or inverted, which are useful for various applications in plant breeding programs that relate to recombination, crossovers, and genetic gain. Site-specific directed DNA breaks enhance targeted recombination frequencies, crossover efficiency and movement of large chromosomal segments in crop plant cells. CRISPR-Cas systems enable targeted chromosomal engineering of crop plants.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for identifying novel genes useful for modulating desired agronomic traits in plants are presented herein. The present disclosure relates to methods for identifying line-specific and cluster-specific genes from plants that show perturbation of expression in response to perturbation of expression of a primary gene, and the perturbation of expression of the line-specific or cluster-specific gene confers alterations in agronomic characteristics upon the plant.

Abstract: The field is molecular biology, and more specifically, methods for chromosomal engineering of multiple native genes, such as disease resistance genes in a genomic locus using site-specific editing to produce plants. Also described herein are methods of generating heterologous genomic locus in a plant that comprises a plurality of intraspecies polynucleotide sequences.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to gene expression modulation elements from plants and their use in modulating the expression of one or more heterologous nucleic acid fragments in plants. The disclosure further discloses compositions, polynucleotide constructs, transformed host cells, plants and seeds containing the expression modulating elements, and methods for preparing and using the same.

Abstract: Genome edited plants, plant cells, seeds and plant parts of maize are provided where expression levels and/or activities of MADS-box transcription factors are modulated to improve one or more agronomic characteristics such as grain yield. Also provided are compositions comprising polynucleotides encoding polypeptides and guide RNAs targeted to endogenous maize MADS-box proteins including for example, targeted site-directed mutagenesis using CRISPR-associated nucleases. Additionally, various methods of employing the polynucleotides and genetic modifications in plants, such as methods for modulating expression level in a maize plant and methods for increasing yield of a maize plant are also provided herein.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for identifying novel genes useful for modulating desired agronomic traits in plants are presented herein. The present disclosure relates to methods for identifying line-specific and cluster-specific genes from plants that show perturbation of expression in response to perturbation of expression of a primary gene, and the perturbation of expression of the line-specific or cluster-specific gene confers alterations in agronomic characteristics upon the plant.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated nitrate uptake associated nucleic acids and their encoded proteins for modulating nitrogen uptake efficiency in plants. The invention includes methods and compositions relating to altering nitrogen utilization and/or uptake in plants. The invention further provides recombinant expression cassettes, host cells, and transgenic plants.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated glutamate receptor associated nucleic acids and their encoded proteins for modulating nitrogen utilization efficiency in plants. The invention includes methods and compositions relating to altering nitrogen utilization and/or uptake in plants. The invention further provides recombinant expression cassettes, host cells, and transgenic plants.

Abstract: The invention provides a rapid and efficient method and assay for monitoring nitrogen uptake by a plant using a pH indicator. The plant is exposed to medium comprising one or more sources of nitrogen, such as nitrate or ammonia, and a pH indicator. The plant is exposed to the source of nitrogen for a time sufficient for it to be taken up by the plant. As nitrate is taken up from the medium, the medium becomes more basic, that is the pH increases. Conversely, as ammonia is taken up from the medium, the medium becomes more acidic and the pH decreases. The change in the pH of the medium may be optically detected and correlated to the amount of nitrate or ammonia remaining in the medium. Accordingly, the amount of nitrate or ammonia taken up by the plant or remaining in the medium may be determined.