Abstract: A solid catalyst comprising an effective amount of iridium and at least one second metal selected from gallium, zinc, indium and germanium associated with a solid support material is useful for vapor phase carbonylation to produce carboxylic acids and esters from alkyl alcohols, esters, ethers or ester-alcohol mixtures. The iridium and at least one second metal are deposited on a support material. In some embodiments of the invention, the catalyst is useful for vapor phase carbonylation.

Abstract: A solid catalyst comprising an effective amount of iridium and at least one second metal selected from gallium, zinc, indium and germanium associated with a solid support material is useful for vapor phase carbonylation to produce carboxylic acids and esters from alkyl alcohols, esters, ethers or ester-alcohol mixtures. The iridium and at least one second metal are deposited on a support material. In some embodiments of the invention, the catalyst is useful for vapor phase carbonylation.

Abstract: Carbonylation catalysts and methods for using them are disclosed. In some embodiments, the carbonylation catalyst includes the contact product of: (a) a nitrogen compound selected from monomeric pyridines and imidazoles; (b) a Group VIII metal; and (c) an alkali metal compound; wherein the catalyst material is on a solid support.

Abstract: Carbonylation catalysts and methods for using them are disclosed. In some embodiments, the carbonylation catalyst includes the contact product of: (a) a nitrogen compound selected from monomeric pyridines and imidazoles; (b) a Group VIII metal; and (c) an alkali metal compound; wherein the catalyst material is on a solid support.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hydrocarboxylation process for the production of carboxylic acid from olefins wherein an olefin, water, a Group VIII metal hydrocarboxylation catalyst, an onium salt compound are combined in a reaction zone and contacted with carbon monoxide under hydrocarboxylation conditions of pressure and temperature The process does not require or utilize the addition of a hydrogen halide or an alkyl halide exogenous or extraneous to the hydrocarboxylation process.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved carbonylation process for the production of carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters, and/or carboxylic acid anhydrides wherein a carbonylation feedstock compound selected from one or more organic oxygenates such as alcohols, ethers, and esters is contacted with carbon monoxide in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst and one or more onium compounds. The carbonylation process differs from known carbonylation processes in that a halide compound, other than the onium salt, such as a hydrogen halide (typically, hydrogen iodide) and/or an alkyl halide (typically, methyl iodide), extraneous or exogenous to the carbonylation process is not fed or supplied to the process. The process can be improved by using a bidentate ligand comprising two functional groups selected from tertiary amines and tertiary phosphines, such as 2,2?-bipyridine and diphosphine derivatives.

Abstract: Disclosed is a carbonylation process for the production of carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters and/or carboxylic acid anhydrides wherein a carbonylation feedstock compound selected from one or more organic oxygenates such as alcohols, ethers, and esters is contacted with carbon monoxide in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst and one or more onium compounds. The carbonylation process differs from known carbonylation processes in that a halide compound such as a hydrogen halide, typically hydrogen iodide, and/or alkyl halide, typically methyl iodide, extraneous or exogenous to the carbonylation process is not fed or supplied separately to the process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hydrocarboxylation process for the production of carboxylic acid from olefins wherein an olefin, water, a Group VIII metal hydrocarboxylation catalyst, an onium salt compound are combined in a reaction zone and contacted with carbon monoxide under hydrocarboxylation conditions of pressure and temperature The process does not require or utilize the addition of a hydrogen halide or an alkyl halide exogenous or extraneous to the hydrocarboxylation process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a carbonylation process for the production of carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters and/or carboxylic acid anhydrides wherein a carbonylation feedstock compound selected from one or more organic oxygenates such as alcohols, ethers, and esters is contacted with carbon monoxide in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst and one or more onium compounds. The carbonylation process differs from known carbonylation processes in that a halide compound such as a hydrogen halide, typically hydrogen iodide, and/or alkyl halide, typically methyl iodide, extraneous or exogenous to the carbonylation process is not fed or supplied separately to the process.

Abstract: The present invention provides disaccharide and trisaccharide C6 to C12 mixed fatty acid esters having a high alpha content. Yet still further, the invention provides chemical processes for the preparation of the materials disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides chemical processes for the preparation of disaccharide and trisaccharide C6 to C12 fatty acid esters having a high alpha content. Yet still further, the invention provides materials prepared by the processes disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides chemical processes for the preparation of disaccharide and trisaccharide C6 to C12 fatty acid esters having a high alpha content. Yet still further, the invention provides materials prepared by the processes disclosed herein.