Abstract: A ring laser gyroscope that includes a cavity containing a gain medium, a first plurality of reflective surfaces coupled to the cavity, a medium exciter operable to excite the gain medium, and a saturation beam source operable to emit a saturation beam. The first plurality of reflective surfaces includes a first reflective surface, a second reflective surface, and a third reflective surface. The first, second, and third reflective surfaces are positioned to reflect light along a path defined in the cavity between the plurality of reflective surfaces. The excited gain medium induces first and second laser fields within the cavity. The emitted saturation beam intersects with the first and second laser fields at a first interaction region of the cavity. The saturation beam interacts with the gain medium to reduce the gain of the first and second laser fields at a first range of frequencies.

Abstract: A ring laser gyroscope that includes a cavity containing a gain medium, a plurality of reflective surfaces coupled to the cavity, and at least one medium exciter operable to excite the gain medium. The gain medium has naturally dispersive properties associated with an index of refraction. The reflective surfaces include at least a first reflective surface, a second reflective surface, and a third reflective surface. The first, second, and third reflective surfaces are positioned to reflect light between the plurality of reflective surfaces. The excited gain medium induces first and second laser fields within the cavity. The first and second laser fields operate at a lasing frequency corresponding to a negative slope of the index of refraction associated with the dispersive properties of the gain medium. The gain medium causes anomalous dispersion of the first and second laser fields passing through the gain medium.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for alkali vapor cells are provided. In one embodiment, a vapor cell for a Chip-Scale Atomic Clocks (CSAC) comprises a silicon wafer having defined within a first chamber, a second chamber, and a pathway connecting the first chamber to the second chamber; a first glass wafer anodically-bonded to a first surface of the silicon wafer; a second glass wafer anodically-bonded to an opposing second surface of the silicon wafer, wherein the first chamber defines an optical path through the vapor cell; and an alkali metal material deposited into the second chamber. The pathway connecting the first chamber to the second chamber is configured with a geometry that is at least partially inhibitive to alkali metal vapor flow.