Abstract: The non-fluorinated polymer includes a constituent unit derived from a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer (A) represented by the following General Formula (A-1); and at least one monomer (E) from between vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride: wherein in Formula (A-1), R1 represents a hydrogen or a methyl group; and R2 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms which may have a substituent.

Abstract: The non-fluorinated polymer includes a constituent unit derived from a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer (A) represented by the following General Formula (A-1); and at least one monomer (E) from between vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride: wherein in Formula (A-1), R1 represents a hydrogen or a methyl group; and R2 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 12 or more carbon atoms which may have a substituent.

Abstract: An amorphous polyester resin of the invention is obtained by reaction between a polyester resin (A), obtained by reaction between a polyhydric alcohol component and a first poly-carboxylic acid component, either or both including a 3 or higher valent component, and having a weight-average molecular weight of 6,000 to 40,000 and a hydroxyl value of 15 to 70 mgKOH/g, and a second poly-carboxylic acid component (a), under conditions satisfying the following equations (1), (2) and (3), and the amorphous polyester resin satisfying the following equation (4). (AVB?AVA)/AVa=0.5-0.7??(1) MwB/MwA=1.1-2.0??(2) OHVB/AVB=1.0-6.0??(3) MwB/MnB=3.0-15.

Abstract: An amorphous polyester resin of the invention is obtained by reaction between a polyester resin (A), obtained by reaction between a polyhydric alcohol component and a first poly-carboxylic acid component, either or both including a 3 or higher valent component, and having a weight-average molecular weight of 6,000 to 40,000 and a hydroxyl value of 15 to 70 mgKOH/g, and a second poly-carboxylic acid component (a), under conditions satisfying the following equations (1), (2) and (3), and the amorphous polyester resin satisfying the following equation (4). (AVB?AVA)/AVa=0.5-0.7??(1) MwB/MwA=1.1-2.0??(2) OHVB/AVB=1.0-6.0??(3) MwB/MnB=3.0-15.

Abstract: The invention provides an amorphous polyester resin that can sufficiently achieve the reciprocal performance properties of hot offset resistance and cold offset resistance, which is a major issue for a toner for electrostatic image development, while allowing adequate blocking resistance to be obtained, as well as a binder resin for toner for electrostatic image development, and an amorphous polyester resin production method, the amorphous polyester resin being obtained by reaction between a polybasic carboxylic acid compound and a polyhydric alcohol, wherein the polybasic carboxylic acid compound comprises (a) the reaction product between an aromatic polybasic carboxylic acid compound and a C2-4 glycol at 60 mol % or greater based on the total amount of the polybasic carboxylic acid compound, and the amorphous polyester resin has a glass transition point of 55° C. to 75° C. and a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000 to 50,000.

Abstract: The invention provides an amorphous polyester resin that can sufficiently achieve the reciprocal performance properties of hot offset resistance and cold offset resistance, which is a major issue for a toner for electrostatic image development, while allowing adequate blocking resistance to be obtained, as well as a binder resin for toner for electrostatic image development, and an amorphous polyester resin production method, the amorphous polyester resin being obtained by reaction between a polybasic carboxylic acid compound and a polyhydric alcohol, wherein the polybasic carboxylic acid compound comprises (a) the reaction product between an aromatic polybasic carboxylic acid compound and a C2-4 glycol at 60 mol % or greater based on the total amount of the polybasic carboxylic acid compound, and the amorphous polyester resin has a glass transition point of 55° C. to 75° C. and a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000 to 50,000.

Abstract: An oligomer removing agent for polyester-based fiber materials comprises a polyester copolymer which is obtained by polycondensation of a dibasic acid component containing 15-65 mol % of a sulfonate group-containing dibasic acid and a dihydric alcohol component containing polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 900-3500, and which has a 200° C. melt viscosity of 5000-23,000 mPa·s and has 10-40 mass % polyoxyethylene chains in the molecule. The oligomer removing agent is able to overcome the problems caused by deposition of polyester oligomers, when added to the dyeing bath in a dyeing step for polyester fiber materials or for fiber materials that are composites thereof with other fiber materials.

Abstract: An oligomer removing agent for polyester-based fiber materials comprises a polyester copolymer which is obtained by polycondensation of a dibasic acid component containing 15-65 mol % of a sulfonate group-containing dibasic acid and a dihydric alcohol component containing polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 900-3500, and which has a 200° C. melt viscosity of 5000-23,000 mPa·s and has 10-40 mass % polyoxyethylene chains in the molecule. The oligomer removing agent is able to overcome the problems caused by deposition of polyester oligomers, when added to the dyeing bath in a dyeing step for polyester fiber materials or for fiber materials that are composites thereof with other fiber materials.

Abstract: The invention provides a dyeing quality improver for polyester-based fiber materials characterized by comprising a polyester copolymer, obtained by polycondensation of a dibasic acid component containing a dibasic acid with a sulfonate group in an amount of 15-65 mol % and a dihydric alcohol component containing polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 900-3500, having a molecular weight of 3000-30,000 and containing polyoxyethylene chains in the molecule in an amount of 10-40 mass %, and at least one compound selected from among styrenated phenolalkylene oxide addition products and higher alcohol alkylene oxide addition products. It is possible to solve the problem of adhesion of polyester oligomers and the problems of dye contamination and foreign matter contamination, during dyeing of polyester-based fiber materials.

Abstract: An oligomer removing agent for polyester-based fiber materials comprises a polyester copolymer which is obtained by polycondensation of a dibasic acid component containing 15-65 mol % of a sulfonate group-containing dibasic acid and a dihydric alcohol component containing polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 900-3500, and which has a 200° C. melt viscosity of 5000-23,000 mPa·s and has 10-40 mass % polyoxyethylene chains in the molecule. The oligomer removing agent is able to overcome the problems caused by deposition of polyester oligomers, when added to the dyeing bath in a dyeing step for polyester fiber materials or for fiber materials that are composites thereof with other fiber materials.

Abstract: A call control method of a call control apparatus that establishes a call connection between an originating terminal and a receiving terminal in a network in which a plurality of call control apparatuses are provided is provided.

Abstract: A process for producing a high purity 2,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone (2,4'-isomer) comprising separating 2,4'-isomer from 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone (4,4'-isomer) by adding a hydroxide of an alkali metal in an amount which is the total of an amount by mol 1.6 to 2.2 times as great as the amount by mol of 2,4'-isomer and an amount by mol 0.8 to 1.2 times as great as the amount by mol of 4,4'-isomer to a solution of a mixture of 2,4'-isomer and 4,4'-isomer containing 15% by weight or more of 2,4'-isomer in water, to allow 2,4'-isomer to remain dissolved in water in the form of a dialkali metal salt thereof and 4,4'-isomer to be precipitated from the solution in the form of a monoalkali metal salt thereof. A carbonate of an alkali metal may also be used. In order to accelerate the operation, an excess amount of the alkali may be added, which is subsequently neutralized. A high purity 2,4'-isomer having a purity of 95 to 99.

Abstract: A method of receiving concentrated calls enables a specific terminal of an exchange of a communication network to receive concentrated calls from callers without letting the callers repeat the calls. The method registers calls to the terminal during the congestion of the exchange. Once the congestion is dissolved, the method connects the terminal to the callers one after another. The method prepares a registration list and a reception list in the exchange. In response to a request from the terminal, the exchange stores reception conditions of calls such as a reception time and the number of calls to receive in the registration list. Upon receiving a call from a caller to the terminal, the exchange determines whether or not the call satisfies the reception conditions without connecting the call to the terminal. If the call satisfies the reception conditions, the exchange records the number of the caller, etc., in the reception list and terminates the communication with the caller.

Abstract: High purity 2,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfones useful as developers for thermal recording paper can be produced efficiently and with high selectivity by reacting one or more phenols and sulfuric acid in the presence as of at least one of phosphonic acid, phosphinic acid and salts thereof, in the absence of a solvent or in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of 130.degree. to 200.degree. C., and then purifying the thus-produced crude 2,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfones using a mixed solvent containing (1) 5 to 20 weight % of at least one lower aliphatic alcohol and 95 to 80 weight % of at least one aromatic hydrocarbon which does not contain halogen, (2) 10 to 40 weight % of at least one ketone and 90 to 60 weight % of at least one aromatic hydrocarbon which does not contain halogen or (3) 10 to 40 weight % of at least one ester of acetic acid and 90 to 60 weight % of at least one aromatic hydrocarbon which does not contain halogen.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive recording material comprises a heat-sensitive color forming layer which is formed on a supporter and contains a colorless or light color leuco dyestuff as a color forming substance, a developer which develops color of the leuco dyestuff by reaction with it when heated and a sensitizer. The developer is 2,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone having purity of 97 weight % or more and prepared by washing and drying crystal which is obtained by dissolving crude 2,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone in an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or in a mixture of an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and water by heating and then cooling the solution or partially removing the solvent from the solution by distillation. The heat-sensitive recording material has excellent properties, such as reduced fog and excellent image preservation (weatherability).

Abstract: A heat sensitive recording material comprises a heat sensitive color forming layer containing a color former of a colorless or light color leuco dyestuff, a developer which develops color by reaction with the color former upon heating and is a mixture of 97 to 70 weight % of 2,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and 3 to 30 weight % of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and a sensitizer. The heat sensitive color forming layer is coated on a support. The heat sensitive recording material has excellent color forming property by which sufficiently high concentration and sensitivity of the color forming are obtained and has excellent stability of the image with time.