Abstract: A liquid crystal light control element that controls a light absorption state by voltage application, the liquid crystal light control element including: a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal composition between a pair of substrates each having an electrode; and a liquid crystal alignment film that is provided on at least one of the substrates and aligns a liquid crystal vertically, wherein the liquid crystal composition contains a liquid crystal and a dichroic dye, the liquid crystal alignment film is obtained from a liquid crystal aligning agent containing a polyimide precursor in which a diamine having a specific side chain is used as a part of the raw material or a polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor, and the proportion of the diamine used is 50 to 100 mol % based on the entire diamine component.

Abstract: A bus bar cooling structure includes: a plurality of bus bars; and an insulating cooling portion provided so as to be in contact with a part of each of the plurality of bus bars, current paths of the plurality of bus bars having different length from start points to end points of the current paths, a contact area between each bus bar and the cooling portion being set to an area proportional to a length of the bus bar.

Abstract: A liquid crystal light control element that controls a light absorption state by voltage application, the liquid crystal light control element including: a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal composition between a pair of substrates each having an electrode; and a liquid crystal alignment film that is provided on at least one of the substrates and aligns a liquid crystal vertically, wherein the liquid crystal composition contains a liquid crystal and a dichroic dye, the liquid crystal alignment film is obtained from a liquid crystal aligning agent containing a polyimide precursor in which a diamine having a specific side chain is used as a part of the raw material or a polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor, and the proportion of the diamine used is 50 to 100 mol % based on the entire diamine component.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a heat exchanger includes a structural model creation step (S1) of creating a structural model of a heat exchanger; a iron-linear model creation step (S4) of creating a iron-linear model in which a non-linear spring element in an out-of-plane direction, in which a load is generated only at me time of contact between a heat transfer tube and an anti-vibration member, is applied to an opposing portion between the heat transfer tube and the anti-vibration member in a structural model, and a load distribution acquisition step (S5) of performing analysis in which a load in the out-of-plane direction is applied to the non-linear model to acquire load distribution of the heat exchanger from a value of the load in each opposing portion.

Abstract: Provided is a cooling system that includes a first cooling passage in which a first cooling object is cooled by first coolant, a flow passage that supplies the first coolant to a second cooling object from the first cooling passage, a flow rate regulation mechanism that regulates a flow rate of the first coolant flowing in the first cooling passage, and a controller that controls the flow rate regulation mechanism. The controller controls the flow rate regulation mechanism so that the flow rate of the first coolant flowing in the first cooling passage is lower when temperature of the first cooling object is lower than temperature of the first coolant, than the flow rate when the temperature of the first cooling object is equal to or higher than the temperature of the first coolant.

Abstract: A cooling system for a powertrain includes: a rotating electrical machine unit including a rotating electrical machine; and a power control unit configured to drive the rotating electrical machine. The cooling system includes: a radiator configured to cool a refrigerant; a refrigerant circulation circuit configured to supply the refrigerant flowing out from the radiator to a second cooled portion via a first cooled portion; a bypass flow path bypassing the second cooled portion; a flow control valve configured to adjust the ratio of a second refrigerant flow rate to a first refrigerant flow rate; and a control device configured to control the flow control valve. The control mode of the flow control valve includes a flow rate limiting mode in which the flow control valve is controlled to adjust the ratio such that the second refrigerant flow rate becomes less than the first refrigerant flow rate.

Abstract: The vehicle includes a pair of power control units (PCUs) provided corresponding to each of a pair of in-wheel motors. The pair of PCUs include two PCUs having a common structure. The PCU includes a cuboid housing, an MG terminal provided on a first side surface of the cuboid housing, and a battery terminal provided on a second side surface orthogonal to the first side surface. Each of the pair of power control units is arranged such that each of the MG terminals faces a vehicle width direction in which a corresponding in-wheel motor is located and each of the battery terminals faces a same direction in a vehicle front-rear direction.

Abstract: There is provided a method for measuring a contact force applied to each tube constituting a tube bundle disposed in a fluid from a vibration damping member by using a probe inserted into each tube. Characteristic data defining a relationship between a value measured by the probe and the contact force is previously prepared. Then, the probe is inserted into the tube, and the contact force is calculated using the measurement value of the probe, based on the characteristic data.

Abstract: A cooling system for a powertrain includes: a rotating electrical machine unit including a rotating electrical machine; and a power control unit configured to drive the rotating electrical machine. The cooling system includes: a radiator configured to cool a refrigerant; a refrigerant circulation circuit configured to supply the refrigerant flowing out from the radiator to a second cooled portion via a first cooled portion; a bypass flow path bypassing the second cooled portion; a flow control valve configured to adjust the ratio of a second refrigerant flow rate to a first refrigerant flow rate; and a control device configured to control the flow control valve. The control mode of the flow control valve includes a flow rate limiting mode in which the flow control valve is controlled to adjust the ratio such that the second refrigerant flow rate becomes less than the first refrigerant flow rate.

Abstract: There is provided a contact force evaluation method for evaluating a contact force against a supporting member of a tube bundle positioned in a fluid and supported by the supporting member, including a contact force setting step of setting a contact force of the tube bundle, a probability density function calculation step of calculating a probability density function of a reaction force received by the supporting member from the tube bundle in response to a predetermined input, using a vibration analysis model of the tube bundle and the supporting member, a probability calculation step of calculating a probability that a reaction force equal to or higher than the set contact force occurs, based on the calculated probability density function, and an evaluation step of evaluating the set contact force, based on the calculated probability.

Abstract: A vibration damping structure for a heat-transfer tube bundle including columns arranged at an interval and each composed of a plurality of heat-transfer tubes curved in a common plane and arranged in parallel to each other. The vibration damping structure includes a first vibration damping member and a second vibration damping member disposed between the columns so as to intersect the array direction of the columns. The first vibration damping member and the second vibration damping member are disposed at different positions in an axial direction of each heat-transfer tube, and thicknesses of the first vibration damping member and the second vibration damping member in the array direction are larger than an average value of a clearance between the columns under operation.

Abstract: The present invention provides the following: a photo alignment method-use liquid crystal aligning agent used to obtain a photo alignment method-use liquid crystal alignment film that does not cause bright spots even when negative liquid crystals are used, and that is capable of achieving good after-image characteristics; a liquid crystal alignment film obtained from the liquid crystal aligning agent; and a liquid crystal display element provided with the liquid crystal aligning agent. Provided is the liquid crystal aligning agent which contains a polyimide or polyimide precursor obtained from a reaction between: a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride represented by formula (1) (in the formula, X1 is as set forth in the present specification) or a derivative thereof; and a diamine component that contains a diamine represented by formula (2) (in the formula, R1, Z1 and n are as set forth in the present specification).

Abstract: The vehicle includes a pair of power control units (PCUs) provided corresponding to each of a pair of in-wheel motors. The pair of PCUs include two PCUs having a common structure. The PCU includes a cuboid housing, an MG terminal provided on a first side surface of the cuboid housing, and a battery terminal provided on a second side surface orthogonal to the first side surface. Each of the pair of power control units is arranged such that each of the MG terminals faces a vehicle width direction in which a corresponding in-wheel motor is located and each of the battery terminals faces a same direction in a vehicle front-rear direction.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a heat exchanger includes a structural model creation step (S1) of creating a structural model of a heat exchanger; a iron-linear model creation step (S4) of creating a iron-linear model in which a non-linear spring element in an out-of-plane direction, in which a load is generated only at me time of contact between a heat transfer tube and an anti-vibration member, is applied to an opposing portion between the heat transfer tube and the anti-vibration member in a structural model, and a load distribution acquisition step (S5) of performing analysis in which a load in the out-of-plane direction is applied to the non-linear model to acquire load distribution of the heat exchanger from a value of the load in each opposing portion.

Abstract: The preset application relates to a vibration damping structure for a heat-transfer tube bundle including columns arranged at an interval and each composed of a plurality of heat-transfer tubes curved in a common plane and arranged in parallel to each other. The vibration damping structure includes a first vibration damping member and a second vibration damping member disposed between the columns so as to intersect the array direction of the columns. The first vibration damping member and the second vibration damping member are disposed at different positions in an axial direction of each heat-transfer tube, and thicknesses of the first vibration damping member and the second vibration damping member in the array direction are larger than an average value of a clearance between the columns under operation.

Abstract: There is provided a method for measuring a contact force applied to each tube constituting a tube bundle disposed in a fluid from a vibration damping member by using a probe inserted into each tube. Characteristic data defining a relationship between a value measured by the probe and the contact force is previously prepared. Then, the probe is inserted into the tube, and the contact force is calculated using the measurement value of the probe, based on the characteristic data.

Abstract: There is provided a method for analyzing a vibration damping structure in which a tube bundle disposed in a fluid is supported by a vibration damping member disposed in a gap between tubes included in the tube bundle. The method includes a model making step of making a FEM model corresponding to the vibration damping structure, an error setting step of setting an error parameter for a parameter relating to an element included in the FEM model, and an analysis step of performing structural analysis by a finite-element method using the FEM model in which the error parameter is set.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the invention is applied to an internal combustion engine in which EGR gas and condensed water generated by an EGR cooler are supplied into a cylinder. The control apparatus calculates an equivalence ratio of the internal combustion engine, and controls an EGR valve and a condensed water supply valve such that, when the equivalence ratio is high, a supply rate of the condensed water increases and a supply rate of the EGR gas decreases relative to when the equivalence ratio is low.

Abstract: The internal combustion engine comprises a swirl control valve able to change a strength of a swirl generated in a combustion chamber; a load sensor for detecting an engine load; and a control device for controlling the swirl control valve. The control device controls the swirl control valve, when the engine load detected by the load sensor is lower than a predetermined load, so that the swirl ratio is higher when a suction intake gas amount is increasing, compared to when it is decreasing.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the invention is applied to an internal combustion engine in which EGR gas and condensed water generated by an EGR cooler are supplied into a cylinder. The control apparatus calculates an equivalence ratio of the internal combustion engine, and controls an EGR valve and a condensed water supply valve such that, when the equivalence ratio is high, a supply rate of the condensed water increases and a supply rate of the EGR gas decreases relative to when the equivalence ratio is low.