Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus includes a first injection controller, a second injection controller, and a selector. The first injection controller is configured to perform a first injection operation in an intake stroke and is configured to perform a second injection operation in a compression stroke. The second injection controller is configured to perform both the first injection operation and the second injection operation in the intake stroke. The selector is configured to select fuel injection performed by the first injection controller when an internal combustion engine is in a warm-up operating state and is configured to select fuel injection performed by the second injection controller when the internal combustion engine is not in the warm-up operating state.

Abstract: A grinding apparatus for grinding a wafer stored in a cassette is composed of a container for storing the wafer and a lid for enclosing the container. The grinding apparatus includes a cassette table for placing the cassette thereon, a lid removing unit for removing the lid from the cassette placed on the cassette table and leaving only the container on the cassette table, a chuck table for holding the wafer under suction, a chuck table moving unit for moving the chuck table to a grinding area, a grinding unit provided in the grinding area, the grinding unit having a grinding wheel for grinding the wafer held on the chuck table, a grinding water supplying unit for supplying a grinding water to abrasive members of the grinding wheel, and a waste water collecting unit for collecting a waste water generated in grinding the wafer by operating the grinding unit.

Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus includes a first injection timing setting device, a target second injection timing setting device, a reference injection timing calculator, and a second injection timing setting device. The reference injection timing calculator is configured to calculate, as a reference injection timing, a timing at which a second-injection boosting operation is to be completed. The second-injection boosting operation is to re-boost a reduced voltage which has been reduced because of an execution of a first injection operation by using a booster circuit. The second injection timing setting device is configured to set, as a second injection timing at which a second injection operation is to be started, a later one of a target second injection timing set by the target second injection timing setting device and the reference injection timing calculated by the reference injection timing calculator.

Abstract: An apparatus to control an internal combustion engine includes a cylinder operation controller configured to switch a cylinder operation between an all-cylinder operation and a cylinder deactivation operation. A deactivation time parameter integrating device is configured to integrate a deactivation time parameter indicating a deactivation time of the part of the plurality of cylinders to calculate an integrated deactivation time parameter. An inhibiting device is configured to inhibit the cylinder deactivation operation if the integrated deactivation time parameter calculated by the deactivation time parameter integrating device is larger than or equal to a reference value. The deactivation time parameter integrating device holds the integrated deactivation time parameter as an initial value after an operation of the internal combustion engine is stopped.

Abstract: A medical-information management system, connected via a network to multiple servers including medical-information memories storing medical information, which manages the medical information by distributing the medical information of multiple medical facilities to the multiple servers, comprises operating-time-information memory, operational-status analysis part, and medical-information transmission part. The operating-time-information memory stores respective operating times of each of multiple servers. The management-information memory stores management information indicating servers in which the medical information is stored. The operational-status analysis part provides notification of other servers other than a first server based on information indicating operating times. The medical-information transmission part determines a second server for temporarily saving the medical information from among the notified other servers, and transmits the medical information to the second server.

Abstract: To provide an intake parameter-calculating device and intake parameter-calculating method for an internal combustion engine, which are capable of accurately calculating intake parameters in a case where an intake throttle valve is provided. The intake parameter-calculating device 1 includes an ECU 2. The ECU 2 calculates an error KTHERRCOR using an error model equation (8) (step 2), and calculates a correction coefficient KTHCOR as the reciprocal of the sum of the error KTHERRCOR and 1 (step 3). The ECU 2 calculates a passing air amount GAIRTH by correcting a basic passing air amount GAIRTHN calculated by an equation (11) using a correction coefficient KTHCOR (step 6). A model parameter A for the error model equation (8) is calculated using equations (14) to (18) by onboard identifying calculation with uniform weighting (steps 48 to 53).

Abstract: To provide a stop control system for an internal combustion engine, which is capable of accurately stopping a piston at a predetermined position while compensating for variation in the stop characteristic of the piston and aging thereof. The stop control system 1 for the engine 3 according the present invention controls a throttle valve 13a toward an open side when an engine speed NE becomes lower than a stop control start rotational speed NEIGOFTH after the engine 3 is stopped (step 42), whereby a final compression stroke rotational speed NEPRSFTGT is controlled to a predetermined reference value NENPFLMTO, to thereby control the stop position of the piston 3d to a predetermined position. Further, the correlation between the stop control start rotational speed NEIGOFTH and the final compression stroke rotational speed NEPRSFTGT is determined (step 5, FIG.

Abstract: To provide an intake parameter-calculating device and intake parameter-calculating method for an internal combustion engine, which are capable of accurately calculating intake parameters in a case where an intake throttle valve is provided. The intake parameter-calculating device 1 includes an ECU 2. The ECU 2 calculates an error KTHERRCOR using an error model equation (8) (step 2), and calculates a correction coefficient KTHCOR as the reciprocal of the sum of the error KTHERRCOR and 1 (step 3). The ECU 2 calculates a passing air amount GAIRTH by correcting a basic passing air amount GAIRTHN calculated by an equation (11) using a correction coefficient KTHCOR (step 6). A model parameter A for the error model equation (8) is calculated using equations (14) to (18) by onboard identifying calculation with uniform weighting (steps 48 to 53).

Abstract: A misfire detecting apparatus is provided wherein a misfire is detected based on a rotational speed parameter indicative of a rotational speed of an internal combustion engine. An average change amount of the rotational speed parameter in a first predetermined period and an inertia speed changing component which is generated with rotation of the engine are calculated, and a first corrected rotational speed parameter is calculated by correcting the rotational speed parameter according to the average change amount and the inertia speed changing component.

Abstract: A medical-information management system, connected via a network to multiple servers including medical-information memories storing medical information, which manages the medical information by distributing the medical information of multiple medical facilities to the multiple servers, comprises operating-time-information memory, operational-status analysis part, and medical-information transmission part. The operating-time-information memory stores respective operating times of each of multiple servers. The management-information memory stores management information indicating servers in which the medical information is stored. The operational-status analysis part provides notification of other servers other than a first server based on information indicating operating times. The medical-information transmission part determines a second server for temporarily saving the medical information from among the notified other servers, and transmits the medical information to the second server.

Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus includes a first injection timing setting device, a target second injection timing setting device, a reference injection timing calculator, and a second injection timing setting device. The reference injection timing calculator is configured to calculate, as a reference injection timing, a timing at which a second-injection boosting operation is to be completed. The second-injection boosting operation is to re-boost a reduced voltage which has been reduced because of an execution of a first injection operation by using a booster circuit. The second injection timing setting device is configured to set, as a second injection timing at which a second injection operation is to be started, a later one of a target second injection timing set by the target second injection timing setting device and the reference injection timing calculated by the reference injection timing calculator.

Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus includes a first injection controller, a second injection controller, and a selector. The first injection controller is configured to perform a first injection operation in an intake stroke and is configured to perform a second injection operation in a compression stroke. The second injection controller is configured to perform both the first injection operation and the second injection operation in the intake stroke. The selector is configured to select fuel injection performed by the first injection controller when an internal combustion engine is in a warm-up operating state and is configured to select fuel injection performed by the second injection controller when the internal combustion engine is not in the warm-up operating state.

Abstract: To provide a stop control system for an internal combustion engine, which is capable of accurately stopping a piston at a predetermined position while compensating for variation in the stop characteristic of the piston and aging thereof. The stop control system 1 for the engine 3 according the present invention controls a throttle valve 13a toward an open side when an engine speed NE becomes lower than a stop control start rotational speed NEIGOFTH after the engine 3 is stopped (step 42), whereby a final compression stroke rotational speed NEPRSFTGT is controlled to a predetermined reference value NENPFLMTO, to thereby control the stop position of the piston 3d to a predetermined position. Further, the correlation between the stop control start rotational speed NEIGOFTH and the final compression stroke rotational speed NEPRSFTGT is determined (step 5, FIG.

Abstract: An apparatus to control an internal combustion engine includes a cylinder operation controller configured to switch a cylinder operation between an all-cylinder operation and a cylinder deactivation operation. A deactivation time parameter integrating device is configured to integrate a deactivation time parameter indicating a deactivation time of the part of the plurality of cylinders to calculate an integrated deactivation time parameter. An inhibiting device is configured to inhibit the cylinder deactivation operation if the integrated deactivation time parameter calculated by the deactivation time parameter integrating device is larger than or equal to a reference value. The deactivation time parameter integrating device holds the integrated deactivation time parameter as an initial value after an operation of the internal combustion engine is stopped.

Abstract: In a wafer processing method, rough grinding using a first grinding stone is divided into first and second steps. In the first step, a wafer is processed into a concave shape at a first transfer rate with a reinforcing rib area slightly left. Thereafter, as primary rough grinding in the second step, the grinding stone is positioned slightly on the inner circumferential side and the wafer is further processed into the concave portion at a second transfer rate faster than the first transfer rate. Since the first transfer rate is suppressed to a rate not to cause a burst chipping, a burst chipping resulting from the second step fast in the processing rate to ensure productivity will occur at the stepped edge portion on the inside of the reinforcing rib area surface. Thus, the flatness of the reinforcing rib area can be ensured.

Abstract: In a wafer processing method, rough grinding using a first grinding stone is divided into first and second steps. In the first step, a wafer is processed into a concave shape at a first transfer rate with a reinforcing rib area slightly left. Thereafter, as primary rough grinding in the second step, the grinding stone is positioned slightly on the inner circumferential side and the wafer is further processed into the concave portion at a second transfer rate faster than the first transfer rate. Since the first transfer rate is suppressed to a rate not to cause a burst chipping, a burst chipping resulting from the second step fast in the processing rate to ensure productivity will occur at the stepped edge portion on the inside of the reinforcing rib area surface. Thus, the flatness of the reinforcing rib area can be ensured.

Abstract: A control for controlling an intake air into an engine is provided. A control valve for adjusting an amount of the intake air into the engine is provided. A desired opening degree of a control valve provided in an intake air passage into the engine is determined based on a clogging coefficient. The clogging coefficient indicates a degree of clogging of the intake air passage. An opening degree of the control valve is controlled to converge to the desired opening degree. The clogging coefficient is updated based on a feedback correction amount for feedback controlling a rotational speed of the engine during idling operation. If a leakage in a blow-by gas passage that is connected between the engine and the intake air passage is detected, the update of the clogging coefficient is prohibited.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an electret article, comprising passing melt-extruded thermoplastic resin fibers through a mist space substantially formed from droplets of a polar liquid, and then collecting the fibers, wherein the thermoplastic resin fibers contain electrical-chargeability enhancing agents, and the average diameter of the droplets is less than 20 ?m, is disclosed. Further, an apparatus for manufacturing an electric article, comprising (1) a means for melt-extruding a thermoplastic resin containing electrical-chargeability enhancing agents to form thermoplastic resin fibers; (2) a means for spraying droplets consisting essentially of a polar liquid to a space downstream of a direction of said thermoplastic resin extruded from said means for melt-extruding a thermoplastic resin, to thereby form a mist space, the average diameter of said droplets being less than 20 ?m; and (3) a means for collecting said thermoplastic resin fibers which have been passed through said mist space, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A control for controlling an intake air into an engine is provided. A control valve for adjusting an amount of the intake air into the engine is provided. A desired opening degree of a control valve provided in an intake air passage into the engine is determined based on a clogging coefficient. The clogging coefficient indicates a degree of clogging of the intake air passage. An opening degree of the control valve is controlled to converge to the desired opening degree. The clogging coefficient is updated based on a feedback correction amount for feedback controlling a rotational speed of the engine during idling operation. If a leakage in a blow-by gas passage that is connected between the engine and the intake air passage is detected, the update of the clogging coefficient is prohibited.

Abstract: A document processing apparatus which permits the sharing of a document element in a document structure while ensuring that any change to the content appears in the document element in each document sharing it. In a document processing apparatus for managing a plurality of documents each containing a plurality of document elements, a document element having content to be shared with a second document is designated from a plurality of document elements of a first document, and the content of the designated document element is defined as the content of a predetermined document element of the second document to be shared as common content by the first and second documents. Further, any document element having shared content is detected from a document when the display of the document is commanded, and is displayed in a distinguishable manner from other portions.