Abstract: A photodetector includes a substrate, a material layer, a first electrode made of a metal, a core, a second electrode and a light absorption layer made of graphene. The first electrode, the core, and the material layer constitute a hybrid plasmonic waveguide, and the light absorption layer is disposed thereon. Light guided in the hybrid plasmonic waveguide is absorbed by the light absorption layer, photoelectrically converted by the PTE effect, and extracted as an electric signal from the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: To obtain a heatsink having a plurality of components firmly joined together. The heatsink includes a tabular base part having an electronic component contact surface on one side in the thickness direction thereof to make contact with an electronic component, a tabular column portion arranged in parallel on the other side of the base part across a heat dissipation space, and the column portions provided between the base part and the heat dissipating part. The heat dissipating part, the column portions, and the base part are provided with insertion holes that extend therethrough, and the heat dissipating part, the column portions, and the base part are fixed together by an inner member inserted into the insertion holes.

Abstract: An electrically heating converter includes: a pillar shaped honeycomb structure made of conductive ceramics, including: an outer peripheral wall; and a partition wall disposed on an inner side of the outer peripheral wall, the partition wall defining a plurality of cells, each of the cells penetrating from one end face to other end face to form a flow path; metal electrodes; a pressing member configured to press each of the metal electrodes against the pillar shaped honeycomb structure, so that the pillar shaped honeycomb structure is electrically connected to each of the metal electrodes; and an antioxidant material of (i) or (ii) below: (i) an antioxidant material provided between the pillar shaped honeycomb structure and each of the metal electrodes, or (ii) an antioxidant material provided from a surface of the pillar shaped honeycomb structure over an outer surface of each of the metal electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention improves heat dissipation by facilitating the flow of the surrounding air. Provided with a heat sink including: a tabular base part; a tabular protruding piece part that protrudes from the base part toward one side in a thickness direction of the base part; and a tubular protrusion which protrudes from the protruding piece part in a thickness direction of the protruding piece part, and the inside of which is bored in a protruding direction thereof, wherein a plurality of the protruding piece parts is provided along a surface of the base part, and a plurality of the tubular protrusions is provided along a surface of each of the protruding piece parts.

Abstract: The present invention improves heat dissipation by facilitating the flow of the surrounding air. Provided with a heat sink including: a tabular base part; a tabular protruding piece part that protrudes from the base part toward one side in a thickness direction of the base part; and a tubular protrusion which protrudes from the protruding piece part in a thickness direction of the protruding piece part, and the inside of which is bored in a protruding direction thereof, wherein a plurality of the protruding piece parts is provided along a surface of the base part, and a plurality of the tubular protrusions is provided along a surface of each of the protruding piece parts.

Abstract: Requestors acquire tokens before issuing access requests to a memory controller. The access requests issued are accumulated in a command queue of the memory controller. When the amount of access requests accumulated in the command queue is smaller than or equal to a first threshold, or in level 0, tokens are generated at a rate equivalent to 200% of a bus bandwidth. If the amount of accumulation is greater than the first threshold and is smaller than or equal to a second threshold, i.e., in level 1, tokens are generated at a rate equivalent to the bus bandwidth. If the amount of accumulation exceeds the second threshold, the token generation is stopped.

Abstract: Processors arranged in a multi-processor configuration for substantially parallel operations receive their initialization data in order to start operations, such as graphics computations, real-time multimedia streaming, etc. Due to a change in the processing load, one or more processors might be deactivated. Subsequently, the load increases to such a level that requires all or some of the deactivated processors to be active again. In this case, the boot-up process of the entire system is not carried out as it would be time-consuming and wasteful; instead, responsive to a control signal only those processors that were previously in inactive mode are re-initialized by selecting a configuration data supplied by another processor, controller or any other intelligent programmable device.

Abstract: Requestors issue access requests to a memory controller. The access requests issued are accumulated in a command queue of the memory controller. When the amount of access requests accumulated in the command queue is smaller than or equal to a threshold, a free pass (FP) is granted to specified requesters. When issuing access requests, requesters request and acquire tokens before issuing the access requests if they have no FP granted. If the requesters have an FP, they simply issue the access requests.

Abstract: Processors arranged in a multi-processor configuration for substantially parallel operations receive their initialization data in order to start operations, such as graphics computations, real-time multimedia streaming, etc. Due to a change in the processing load, one or more processors might be deactivated. Subsequently, the load increases to such a level that requires all or some of the deactivated processors to be active again. In this case, the boot-up process of the entire system is not carried out as it would be time-consuming and wasteful; instead, responsive to a control signal only those processors that were previously in inactive mode are re-initialized by selecting a configuration data supplied by another processor, controller or any other intelligent programmable device.

Abstract: Requestors issue access requests to a memory controller. The access requests issued are accumulated in a command queue of the memory controller. When the amount of access requests accumulated in the command queue is smaller than or equal to a threshold, a free pass (FP) is granted to specified requesters. When issuing access requests, requesters request and acquire tokens before issuing the access requests if they have no FP granted. If the requesters have an FP, they simply issue the access requests.

Abstract: Requestors acquire tokens before issuing access requests to a memory controller. The access requests issued are accumulated in a command queue of the memory controller. When the amount of access requests accumulated in the command queue is smaller than or equal to a first threshold, or in level 0, tokens are generated at a rate equivalent to 200% of a bus bandwidth. If the amount of accumulation is greater than the first threshold and is smaller than or equal to a second threshold, i.e., in level 1, tokens are generated at a rate equivalent to the bus bandwidth. If the amount of accumulation exceeds the second threshold, the token generation is stopped.