Abstract: A method of making a solid element device that includes a solid element, an element mount part on which the solid element is mounted and which has a thermal conductivity of not less than 100 W/mK, an external terminal provided separately from the element mount part and electrically connected to the solid element, and a glass sealing part directly contacting and covering the solid element for sealing the solid element, includes pressing a glass material at a temperature higher than a yield point of the glass material for forming the glass sealing part.

Abstract: A method of making a solid element device that includes a solid element, an element mount part on which the solid element is mounted and which has a thermal conductivity of not less than 100 W/mK, an external terminal provided separately from the element mount part and electrically connected to the solid element, and a glass sealing part directly contacting and covering the solid element for sealing the solid element, includes pressing a glass material at a temperature higher than a yield point of the glass material for forming the glass sealing part.

Abstract: A solid element device includes a solid element, an electric power receiving and supplying part for receiving electric power from and supplying the electric power to the solid element, and an inorganic sealing material for sealing the solid element. The inorganic sealing material includes a low melting glass selected from SiO2—Nb2O5-based, B2O3—F-based, P2O5—F-based, P2O5—ZnO-based, SiO2—B2O3—La2O3-based, and SiO2—B2O3-based low melting glasses.

Abstract: A solid state device has a solid state component, a power receiving/supplying portion that mounts the solid state component thereon for receiving/supplying electrical power from/to the solid state component, and a glass sealing portion that seals the solid state component. The glass sealing portion is formed of a B2O3—SiO2—Li2O—Na2O—ZnO—Nb2O5 based glass, which is composed of 21 wt % to 23 wt % of B2O3, 11 wt % to 13 wt % of SiO2, 1 wt % to 1.5 wt % of Li2O, and 2 wt % to 2.5 wt % of Na2O.

Abstract: A solid element device includes a solid element, an electric power receiving and supplying part for receiving electric power from and supplying the electric power to the solid element, and an inorganic sealing material for sealing the solid element. The inorganic sealing material includes a low melting glass selected from SiO2—Nb2O5-based, B2O3—F-based, P2O5—F-based, P2O5—ZnO-based, SiO2—B2O3—La2O3-based, and SiO2—B2O3-based low melting glasses.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a solid element device, which comprises providing a glass-containing Al2O3 substrate (3) having a GaN based LED element (2) placed thereon, setting a P2O5—ZnO based low melting point glass in parallel with the substrate, and carrying out a press working at a temperature of 415° C. or higher under a pressure of 60 kgf in a nitrogen atmosphere. Under these conditions, the low melting point glass has a viscosity of 109 poise, and is adhered via an oxide formed on the surface of the glass-containing Al2O3 substrate (3). A solid element device manufactured by the above method can be manufactured through a glass sealing working at a low temperature and also has a highly reliable sealing structure.

Abstract: A solid-state element device having: a solid-state element; a power receiving/supplying portion for mounting thereto the solid-state element, and receiving/supplying a power from/to the solid-state element; and a wavelength converting portion having a phosphor layer formed inside a sealing glass having the same coefficient of thermal expansion as that of the power receiving/supplying portion for sealing the solid-state element, the phosphor layer being obtained by mixing a glass and a phosphor with each other, and melting the glass.

Abstract: An optical fiber that includes a core containing a first concentration of germanium, an inner cladding arranged on the core, the inner cladding containing a second concentration of germanium and having a first diffusion coefficient, and an outer cladding arranged on the inner cladding, the outer cladding having a second diffusion coefficient, where the first diffusion coefficient is larger than the second diffusion coefficient, and where the first concentration of germanium is about 200% or more of the second concentration of germanium. An optical fiber constructed in this manner can be spliced with an optical fiber having a different MFD, such as a single-mode optical fiber or an erbium-doped optical fiber, with low splice loss and a sufficient splicing strength.

Abstract: A solid-state optical device includes a solid-state element, a power supplying/retrieving portion on which the solid-state element is mounted, the power supplying/retrieving portion supplying or retrieving electric power to/from the solid-state element, and a glass sealing material that seals the solid-state element. The glass sealing material has a thermal expansion coefficient equivalent to that of the power supplying/retrieving portion. The glass sealing material includes a P2O5—Al2O3—ZnO-based low-melting glass that includes 55 to 62 wt % of P2O5, 5 to 12 wt % of Al2O3 and 20 to 40 wt % of ZnO in weight %.

Abstract: A solid-state optical device includes a solid-state element, a power supplying/retrieving portion on which the solid-state element is mounted, the power supplying/retrieving portion supplying or retrieving electric power to/from the solid-state element, and a glass sealing material that seals the solid-state element. The glass sealing material has a thermal expansion coefficient equivalent to that of the power supplying/retrieving portion. The glass sealing material includes a P2O5—Al2O3—ZnO-based low-melting glass that includes 55 to 62 wt % of P2O5, 5 to 12 wt % of Al2O3 and 20 to 40 wt % of ZnO in weight %.

Abstract: A solid-state optical device having: a solid-state element; a power supplying/retrieving portion that supplies or retrieves electric power to/from the solid-state element; and a glass sealing material that seals the solid-state element. The glass sealing material is made of a P2O5—ZnO-based low-melting glass that has 45 to 50 wt % of P2O5 and 15 to 35 wt % of ZnO.

Abstract: An optical fiber that includes a core containing a first concentration of germanium, an inner cladding arranged on the core, the inner cladding containing a second concentration of germanium and having a first diffusion coefficient, and an outer cladding arranged on the inner cladding, the outer cladding having a second diffusion coefficient, where the first diffusion coefficient is larger than the second diffusion coefficient, and where the first concentration of germanium is about 200% or more of the second concentration of germanium. An optical fiber constructed in this manner can be spliced with an optical fiber having a different MFD, such as a single-mode optical fiber or an erbium-doped optical fiber, with low splice loss and a sufficient splicing strength.

Abstract: An optical fiber that includes a core containing a first concentration of germanium, an inner cladding arranged on the core, the inner cladding containing a second concentration of germanium and having a first diffusion coefficient, and an outer cladding arranged on the inner cladding, the outer cladding having a second diffusion coefficient, where the first diffusion coefficient is larger than the second diffusion coefficient, and where the first concentration of germanium is about 200% or more of the second concentration of germanium. An optical fiber constructed in this manner can be spliced with an optical fiber having a different MFD, such as a single-mode optical fiber or an erbium-doped optical fiber, with low splice loss and a sufficient splicing strength.

Abstract: A solid state device has a solid state component, a power receiving/supplying portion that mounts the solid state component thereon for receiving/supplying electrical power from/to the solid state component, and a glass sealing portion that seals the solid state component. The glass sealing portion is formed of a B2O3—SiO2—Li2O—Na2O—ZnO—Nb2O5 based glass, which is composed of 21 wt % to 23 wt % of B2O3, 11 wt % to 13 wt % of SiO2, 1 wt % to 1.5 wt % of Li2O, and 2 wt % to 2.5 wt % of Na2O.

Abstract: An optical fiber that includes a core containing a first concentration of germanium, an inner cladding arranged on the core, the inner cladding containing a second concentration of germanium and having a first diffusion coefficient, and an outer cladding arranged on the inner cladding, the outer cladding having a second diffusion coefficient, where the first diffusion coefficient is larger than the second diffusion coefficient, and where the first concentration of germanium is about 200% or more of the second concentration of germanium. An optical fiber constructed in this manner can be spliced with an optical fiber having a different MFD, such as a single-mode optical fiber or an erbium-doped optical fiber, with low splice loss and a sufficient splicing strength.

Abstract: A solid-state element device having: a solid-state element; a power receiving/supplying portion for mounting thereto the solid-state element, and receiving/supplying a power from/to the solid-state element; and a wavelength converting portion having a phosphor layer formed inside a sealing glass having the same coefficient of thermal expansion as that of the power receiving/supplying portion for sealing the solid-state element, the phosphor layer being obtained by mixing a glass and a phosphor with each other, and melting the glass.

Abstract: Image data representing an image read by reading means are input to normalization processing condition determining means and to pre-normalization processing image inputting means of the image receiving apparatus. Parameters are input from parameter inputting means to the normalization processing condition determining means. The normalization processing condition determining means determines a normalization processing condition so that the image to be output is in an appropriate density range or the like, and inputs the condition to normalization processing condition inputting means via normalization processing condition outputting means. Normalization processing executing means normally carries out the normalization processing on the image data under a normalization processing condition which is the same as the normalization processing condition determined by the normalization processing condition determining means.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a solid element device, which comprises providing a glass-containing Al2O3 substrate (3) having a GaN based LED element (2) placed thereon, setting a P2O5—ZnO based low melting point glass in parallel with the substrate, and carrying out a press working at a temperature of 415° C. or higher under a pressure of 60 kgf in a nitrogen atmosphere. Under these conditions, the low melting point glass has a viscosity of 109 poise, and is adhered via an oxide formed on the surface of the glass-containing Al2O3 substrate (3). A solid element device manufactured by the above method can be manufactured through a glass sealing working at a low temperature and also has a highly reliable sealing structure.

Abstract: An optical fiber that includes a core containing a first concentration of germanium, an inner cladding arranged on the core, the inner cladding containing a second concentration of germanium and having a first diffusion coefficient, and an outer cladding arranged on the inner cladding, the outer cladding having a second diffusion coefficient, where the first diffusion coefficient is larger than the second diffusion coefficient, and where the first concentration of germanium is about 200% or more of the second concentration of germanium. An optical fiber constructed in this manner can be spliced with an optical fiber having a different MFD, such as a single-mode optical fiber or an erbium-doped optical fiber, with low splice loss and a sufficient splicing strength.

Abstract: A solid-state optical device having: a solid-state element; a power supplying/retrieving portion that supplies or retrieves electric power to/from the solid-state element; and a glass sealing material that seals the solid-state element. The glass sealing material is made of a P2O5—ZnO-based low-melting glass that has 45 to 50 wt % of P2O5 and 15 to 35 wt % of ZnO.