Abstract: An ink-jet recording head comprises a plurality of liquid flow paths having discharge openings for discharging an ink, and a plurality of thermoelectric transducers provided for each liquid flow path in order to discharge the ink, wherein, a frontward thermoelectric transducer located on the discharge opening side is so provided that, when the ink is discharged by the frontward thermoelectric transducer alone, a value of (discharge velocity v/discharge quantity Vd) with respect to a distance OH extending from an end of its discharge opening side to the discharge opening is at a distance OH of the first region in a regional classification into a first region in which the value of v/Vd increases with a decrease in the distance OH and a second region in which it comes to be substantially constant with an increase in the distance OH.

Abstract: An ink-jet recording apparatus that reduces degradation phenomena in a recording dignity, such as a staggered flying trajectory of an ink droplet caused by poor adhesion between an ink path and a substrate. The ink-jet apparatus includes, a first contacting surface, which enables the ink paths to contact a substrate. The first contacting surface is positioned at an incline relative to a second contacting surface. When a trenched top board is mounted on the substrate, which is fixed on a base plate, only a protrudent ridge, which is formed on an ejector N side of the contacting surface, contacts the substrate. When a pressurizing force is applied from an elastic member through a pressurizing member onto a portion to be pressurized, the contacting surface contacts uniformly with the substrate due to a deformation of the trenched top board.

Abstract: A document serving as a white reference (a reference white background) is read to create shading data, the shading data are stored, the checksum of these shading data is obtained and this value also is stored. The checksum of the stored shading data is obtained before the document is read, and this obtained value of the checksum is compared with the already stored value of the checksum of the shading data. If the values of both checksums are found to coincide as a result of the comparison, image processing using the stored shading data is executed. If the values of both checksums do not coincide, however, image processing using shading data having a fixed value is executed.

Abstract: A printhead capable of informing a printer of existence or absence of ink so as to prevent an ink discharge failure without increasing manufacturing cost and causing increase in size, and a printer using the printhead capable of performing printing operation at high speed without any heavy processing load and causing increase in size are disclosed. This printhead comprises an ink sensor or a thermosensor including a circuit for processing an output signal from the sensor, and outputs a processed result of the output signal from the sensor to a control circuit of the printing apparatus. The control circuit of the printing apparatus controls so as to terminate a printing operation in accordance with a signal level of the inputted signal, and to start an ink suction recovery operation.

Abstract: A recording head utilizes an AND circuit which performs logical product between inputs from signal input terminals and a warning signal output terminal which outputs a result of the AND circuit. A recording apparatus in which the recording head is installed has a control circuit which supplies a high level signal to the signal input terminals and which inputs a warning signal from the warning signal output terminal. The control circuit judges that the contact of the recording apparatus with the recording head is good if the warning signal is a high level, or judges that the contact is poor if it is not so.

Abstract: A micromachine comprises at least one heat generating unit arranged on the surface of a substrate, a housing for retaining liquid having a liquid retaining portion along the heat generating unit, and a rotator rotatively supported in the liquid retaining portion of the housing for retaining liquid. This rotator is structured to rotate by way of the boiling of liquid in the liquid retaining portion by heat generated by the heat generating unit. The micromachine, such a micropump or a micromotor, is incorporated in a liquid jet recording head to cause recording liquid to flow compulsorily in order to remove accumulated bubbles in the liquid paths for maintaining good performance of the liquid jet recording head at all times.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus can perform shading correction with a simple arrangement. Prior to an original read operation, a prescanning operation is performed using a white reference original. Shading data is formed by a shading correction circuit and held in both an internal shading memory and a memory in a shading data confirming unit. The shading data confirming unit compares the data in both the memories to detect whether the data is destroyed. If the data is destroyed, permanent shading data is used. When the image is a halftone image, the prescanning operation is performed again to form shading data. Therefore, a conventionally used prescanning mechanism for the reference white ground can be omitted. At the same time, even when the shading data is destroyed by an abnormal voltage or the like, processing can be normally performed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a metal base; a first ceramic frame bonded to the metal base; a metallization layer for I/O terminals disposed on the first ceramic frame; a second ceramic frame larger than the first ceramic frame and bonded to the first ceramic frame and to the metallization layer; a metal disposed on and covering inner side walls of the first and second ceramic frames, not electrically contacting the metallization layer but electrically contacting the base member; a semiconductor element disposed on the base member within the first ceramic frame, having I/O terminals connected to the metallization layer, and having a grounding terminal connected to the base member; and a cover hermetically sealing the semiconductor element, bonded to the second ceramic frame, and electrically connected to the metal disposed on the inner side walls.

Abstract: A facsimile apparatus can output a plurality of kinds of audible sounds. In the apparatus, the level of a sound is increased when outputting a specific audible sound compared with when outputting audible sounds other than the specific audible sound.

Abstract: A circuit for generating dial pulses and a circuit for forming the direct current loop of a line have conventionally been made up of relays and a coil. In the present invention, these circuits are made up of components, such as capacitors and a semiconductor switching element, to render a network control unit smaller. A compensating circuit is provided for reducing the distortion (caused by the capacitor in the DC loop) of the waveforms of dial pulses and rise waveforms of a direct current when the direct current loop is formed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of treating fish diseases comprising administering a composition comprising a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R means an alkanoyl group; a benzoyl group optionally having 1 or more substituent groups selected the group consisting of lower alkyl groups and halogen atoms; a phenylacetyl group; or a cyclohexanecarbonyl group as an active ingredient. Also disclosed is administering a food supplemented with said compound to fish, and a fish food containing the same compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a prophylactic/therapeutic composition comprising a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## (wherein R means an alkanoyl group; a benzoyl group optionally having 1 or more substituent groups selected the group consisting of lower alkyl groups and halogen atoms; a phenylacetyl group; or a cyclohexanecarbonyl group) as an active ingredient, a method for prophylaxis and therapy of fish diseases which comprises administering a food supplemented with said compound to fish, and a fish food containing the same compound. The above composition exhibits beneficial efficacy as a prophylactic/therapeutic agent for fish diseases.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel prophylactic/therapeutic agent for the treatment of swine pleuropneumonia which comprises a bicozamycin ester represented by the following formula ##STR1## wherein R means a benzoyl group or a cyclohexanecarbonyl group.