Abstract: An radiographic imaging system for making a radiograph by a radiography apparatus using a photographic combination of a silver halide photographic light sensitive material in combination with intensifying screens, the photographic material comprising a support having a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on each both sides of the support, wherein the radiography apparatus conducts making a radiograph under the condition that a distance between a focal point of an X-ray tube and the photographic material is 0.9 to 3.0 m, a distance between the focal point of the X-ray tube and an object is 0.5 to 2.7 m and a distance between the object and the photographic combination is 0.3 to 1.5 m.

Abstract: An radiographic imaging system for making a radiograph by a radiography apparatus using a photographic combination of a silver halide photographic light sensitive material in combination with intensifying screens, the photographic material comprising a support having a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on each both sides of the support, wherein the radiography apparatus conducts making a radiograph under the condition that a distance between a focal point of an X-ray tube and the photographic material is 0.9 to 3.0 m, a distance between the focal point of the X-ray tube and an object and the photographic combination is 0.3 to 1.5 m.

Abstract: An radiographic imaging system for making a radiograph by a radiography apparatus using a photographic combination of a silver halide photographic light sensitive material in combination with intensifying screens, the photographic material comprising a support having a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on each of both sides of the support, wherein the radiography apparatus conducts making a radiograph under the condition that a distance between a focal point of an X-ray tube and the photographic material is 0.9 to 3.0 m, a distance between the focal point of the X-ray tube and an object is 0.5 to 2.7 m and a distance between the object and the photographic combination is 0.3 to 1.5 m.

Abstract: A light valve has a composite substrate comprised of an electrically insulating substrate and a semiconductor single crystal thin film formed over the electrically insulating substrate. A pixel array comprising semiconductor switch elements is formed in the semiconductor single crystal thin film. A peripheral circuit having circuit elements is formed in the semiconductor single crystal thin film so that a small-sized, high speed light valve is obtained. X- driver and Y-driver circuits are formed in the semiconductor single crystal thin film and controlled by a control circuit, such as a video signal processing circuit, which receives and processes video signals inputted directly from an external source. The peripheral circuit can be a DRAM sense amplifier for sensing charges stored in each pixel of the pixel array to detect defects in the pixel array.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide light sensitive photographic material comprising a support having thereon hydrophilic colloid layers including a silver halide emulsion layer, wherein a dextran and a leuco dye compound each are independently contained in the hydrophilic colloid layer(s), the photographic material being processed with a developer containing a reductone as a developing agent.

Abstract: A processing method of a silver halide photographic material comprising a support having on at least one side of the support hydrophilic colloid layers including a silver halide emulsion layer is disclosed, in which the silver halide emulsion layer contains tabular silver halide grains having an average chloride content of 20 mol % or more and an aspect ratio of 2 or more; and a coating weight ratio of silver to gelatin of said hydrophilic colloid layers is 0.

Abstract: A process for forming a light valve device comprises forming a semiconductor single crystal film to form a composite substrate by polishing a semiconductor single crystal substrate after an electric insulating substrate has been bonded thereto; forming a group of pixel electrodes for defining a pixel region and a group of switch elements for selectively energizing the pixel electrodes by integrating a pixel array portion over the composite substrate; forming a liquid crystal aligning means for the pixel region; superposing an opposed substrate over the composite substrate with a gap therebetween; and filling the gap with liquid crystal material.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed, comprising a support having on one side thereof hydrophilic colloid layers including a silver halide emulsion layer, wherein at least one of the hydrophilic colloid layers contains a dye represented by the following formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group; R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, an acylamino group, a ureido group, an amino group, an acyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, a cyano group, a sulfamoyl group or a sulfonamide group; B is a five- or six-membered oxygen-containing heterocyclic group, or a six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group; L.sub.1, L.sub.2 and L.sub.

Abstract: A light-sensitive silver halide photographic material is disclosed. The light-sensitive material comprises transparent support having on each side, side-A and side-B, thereof a silver halide emulsion layer and has a specified balance in speeds of the emulsion layers each provided on side-A and side-B. A specimen obtained by exposing said light-sensitive material from its one side, side-A, followed by processing has a density higher than fog density of side-B by 0.10 or more on side-B of said light-sensitive material when the amount of exposure gives a density higher than fog density of side-A by 0.2; and a density higher than fog density of side-B by 0.70 or less on side-B of said light-sensitive material when the amount of exposure gives a density higher than fog density of side-A by 1.60. The light-sensitive material suited as a film for X-ray photography and gives an image having excellent sharpness and graininess.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material comprising a support having a first face and a second face, a first photographic component layer being provided on the first face and a second photographic component layer being provided on the second face, each of the first and second component layer comprising a silver halide emulsion layer, wherein; when an exposure dose at a position on the first face is an exposure dose giving a density of a fog density +1.60 after exposing from the first face side and developing the material, a density at a position on the second face corresponding to the position on the first face is fog +0.20 or less, and an amount of a light which transmitted through the first component layer and the support and reaching an interface between the support and the second component layer is 12 to 75% of a light to which the first face side of the material is exposed.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal electro-optical device comprises a pair of plates having driving electrodes and ferroelectric liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric anisotropy. The ferroelectric liquid crystal material comprises a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition 10 to 80% by weight of a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy group, or an alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or acyloxy group each having an asymmetric carbon atom, and R.sub.2 represents a straight-chain alkyl group having an assymmetric carbon.

Abstract: A casing assembly for electronic equipment comprising a printed circuit board on which an exothermic electronic component is mounted, a casing for covering the printed board, and a base for attaching the casing to a wall body or a rail. The base is of a high heat conductive material and has a planar structure which results in a large contact area between it and the wall body or rail. A high heat conductive plate like cushioning member made of an electrically insulative material is interposed between the board and the base in contact therewith. The heat generated in the electronic component is released through the printed board and lead wires and through the cushioning member and the base to the wall body or rail. Preferably, where the casing is attached to the rail, a guide latch member and a pressure latch member are attached to the base.

Abstract: A method of developing a silver halide photographic material is disclosed. The method comprises a step of supplying a developer to a surface of an exposed silver halide photographic material, which is transferred by at least one pair of rollers, intermittently at least twice wherein an interval time of each supplying is not more than 10 seconds and the amount of developer retained in the light-sensitive material ranges from 50 to 250 ml/m.sup.2 . The method provides a compact developing system, which is free from uneven development with good grainess of the image.

Abstract: This invention relates to new optically active pyrimidinylphenyl ester compounds, having a liquid crystal phase of cholesteric and/or smectic C* phase, of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R* represents an optically-active alkyl group having an asymmetric carbon atom which is ##STR2## where R.sup.0 is a straight chain alkyl group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sup.1 is a straight chain alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a straight chain alkyl group of 1 to 2 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 is a straight chain alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and n is 0 or 1, R presents a straight-chain alkyl group of 7 or 8 carbon atoms or a straight-chain alkoxy group of 7 or 8 carbon atoms and A represents ##STR3## or --O--.

Abstract: A ferro-electric crystal electro-optical device which uses switching between bi-stable states of ferro-electric liquid crystal molecules. A change from one of the stable states to the other is effected by applying a selected voltage having a combination of chopping pulse to which the liquid crystal molecules are not responsive and DC pulse to which the liquid crystal molecules are responsive.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal electro-optical device utilizes a liquid crystal layer composed of ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules. A first alignment layer is disposed in contact with the liquid crystal layer and has a uniaxial alignment characteristic effective to align the molecular axes of liquid crystal molecules immediately adjacent to the first alignment layer in a predetermined direction parallel to the liquid crystal layer. A second adjacent layer is opposed to the first alignment layer in contact with the liquid crystal layer. The second alignment layer has a random homogeneous alignment characteristic and a water repellency characteristic defined in terms of a water contact angle of more than 70.degree. jointly effective to align the molecular axes of liquid crystal molecules immediately adjacent to the second alignment layer in either of two orientation directions oppositely inclined relative to the predetermined direction in parallel to the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal electro-optical device driven in time-sharing comprising; a ferroelectric liquid crystal layer having bi-stable alignment characteristics, means for converting the bi-stable alignment state to optical ON state or optical OFF state, a matrix electrode and means for driving the liquid crystal layer by applying voltages to the liquid crystal layer through the matrix electrode. A voltage sufficient to change a stable alignment state of the ferro-electric liquid crystal molecular is applied to a selected pixel, a voltage insufficient to change a stable alignment state is applied to a non-selected pixel and an AC voltage for holding a stable alignment state is applied to a half-selected pixel. A bias value, which is the ratio of the amplitude of the voltage applied to the selected pixel to the amplitude of the AC voltage applied to the half-selected pixel, is set near the maximum value of B satisfying the following formulaB/(B-2).gtoreq.

Abstract: The present invention is an optically active liquid crystal compound shown in the following general formula; ##STR1## [wherein, A and B respectively show one of --, --O--, ##STR2## (-- shows direct bond), one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 shows direct chain alkyl group and the other one shows either alkyl group having asymmetric carbon atom or alkoxy alkyl group having asymmetric carbon atom and ether bonding. Also, onto the asymmetric carbon atom, one of the groups --CH.sub.3, --CN, --Cl is added.]It is clear that there are many compounds in these liquid crystal compounds, that show Sm C* phase in a wide temperature range close to room temperature and that have high response speed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device utilizing a ferroelectric liquid crystal, e.g., a chiral smectic liquid crystal aligned to establish two bi-stable display states. The display device is driven in a time-sharing mode. The change of the bi-stable display states is effected by applying a selected voltage to the changed ferro-electric liquid crystal. Thereafter the display state is held by applying an A.C. pulse voltage.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed. The light-sensitive material comprises a support having thereon a silver halide emulsion layer and optionally a hydrophilic colloid layer, at least one of said emulsion layer and said hydrophilic colloid layer contains a water-soluble polymer which comprises repeating unit represented by formula 1 in an amount of 10 to 100 mol %, and a electric conductive layer being provided between the support and the silver halide emulsion layer and comprising a binder and fine particles of an electric conductive crystalline metal oxide of ZnO, Ti0.sub.2, SnO.sub.2, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, In.sub.2 O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, MgO, BaO, MoO.sub.3, V.sub.2 O5 or a mixture thereof, each of which has a volumetric resistivity of not higher than 10.sup.7 .OMEGA.m; ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a halogen atom or a --CH.sub.2 COOM.sup.1, in which M.sup.