Abstract: Provided is a fixing rotating member capable of maintaining high toner releasability over longer periods of time than in conventional instances and that is capable of maintaining abrasion resistance against paper; the fixing rotating member comprises a base layer, an elastic layer, and a surface layer, in this order; the surface layer containing a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer and a perfluoropolyether; the tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer having pores formed therein; the surface layer has pores with openings at a first surface thereof, and constituting an outer surface of the fixing rotating member; at least part of the pores containing the perfluoropolyether; a content of the perfluoropolyether in the surface layer is 20 mass % to 60 mass %; and a degree of orientation A of molecules of the tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether in a direction perpendicular to a circumferential direction of the surface layer is 35 to 75%.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image holding unit that holds a toner image, a transfer unit that transfers the toner image held by the image holding unit onto a medium in a transfer region, a reduction unit that is positioned further upstream than the transfer region and that reduces an electrical resistance of a first surface of the medium, the first surface being opposite to a second surface of the medium onto which an image is to be transferred, and a control unit that controls the reduction unit in accordance with a type of a medium to be used in such a manner that the electrical resistance of the first surface does not exceed a predetermined range.

Abstract: A post-processing device includes an output unit that outputs a medium; a stacking unit on which the medium that is output is stacked; and a blow-out unit that is disposed below the output unit and that blows gas toward the medium that is output, wherein an amount of the gas blown is adjusted in accordance with a type of the medium.

Abstract: A post-processing device includes an output unit that outputs a medium; a stacking unit on which the medium that is output is stacked; and a blow-out unit that is disposed below the output unit and that blows gas toward the medium that is output, wherein an amount of the gas blown varies in a width direction that crosses a direction in which the medium is output.

Abstract: A post-processing device includes an output unit that outputs a medium; a stacking unit on which the medium that is output is stacked; and a blow-out unit that is disposed below the output unit and that blows gas toward the medium that is output, wherein a direction in which the gas is blown differs in accordance with a type of the medium.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus, including: an image holder configured to hold an image formed using an electrographic process; a transfer body that faces the image holder and is configured to contact the image holder while rotating to form a secondary transfer region; an application unit configured to apply a voltage for charging the secondary transfer region; and a charge unit that faces a region other than the secondary transfer region of the transfer body and is configured to charge a surface of the transfer body with a polarity opposite to an applied voltage of the application unit.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus including: an annular transfer belt having an outer surface on which an image is transferred; a transferring unit including a transfer cylinder having a transfer area that sandwiches a recording medium with the outer surface of the transfer belt to transfer the image from the outer surface of the transfer belt to the recording medium, and a pair of first rotating bodies disposed on both axial end sides of the transfer cylinder; a pair of circulating members each being wound around the first rotating body and being circulated by rotation of the first rotating bodies; and a holding unit attached to the circulating members, the holding unit configured to hold the recording medium, transport the recording medium with circulation of the circulating members, and pass the recording medium through the transfer area.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an annular transfer belt having an outer surface on which an image is transferred; a nip portion that forms a nip region for nipping a recording medium with an outer surface of the transfer belt; a facing portion that faces the nip region from an inner side of the transfer belt and transfers the image from the transfer belt to the recording medium in the nip region by charging the transfer belt; and a transport unit including a holding portion that holds the recording medium, transports the recording medium by moving the holding portion, and causes the recording medium together with the holding portion to pass the nip region while holding the recording medium at the holding portion.

Abstract: One end portion of a resin tube kept in a diameter expanded state by a plurality of diameter expanding claws is disengaged from the diameter expanding claws and is shifted onto an outer peripheral surface of a die by applying a pressing force toward the other end portion of the resin tube to an end surface of the one end portion of the resin tube.

Abstract: A cutting apparatus is provided. The cutting apparatus includes a cutter disposed in a conveying path for conveying a plate-shaped object and configured to cut the object, a downstream conveyor disposed downstream of the cutter in the conveying path and configured to convey the object, and a foreign-matter adhesion preventer disposed between the cutter and the downstream conveyor and configured to prevent foreign matter scattered by the cutter from adhering to the downstream conveyor.

Abstract: A transfer device includes a transfer unit that transfers an image on an image carrier carrying the image onto a first surface of a recording material by applying a voltage containing an alternating-current component to the recording material; and a humidifying unit that humidifies the recording material transported toward the transfer unit from a second surface of the recording material that is opposite to the first surface.

Abstract: Provided is a fixing member for a heat fixing apparatus which can further improve utilization efficiency of heat for heat fixing of an unfixed toner. A fixing member having an endless belt shape includes a substrate and an elastic layer on the substrate, wherein the elastic layer includes silicone rubber and a filler dispersed in the silicone rubber, and when a thermal conductivity of the elastic layer in a thickness direction is defined as ?nd, a thermal conductivity of the elastic layer in a circumferential direction is defined as ?td, and a thermal conductivity of the elastic layer in a width direction is defined as ?md, ?nd is 1.30 W/(m·K) or more, and ?nd, ?td, and ?md satisfy a relationship as shown below ?nd>?md>?td.

Abstract: A transfer device includes a transfer unit that transfers an image on an image carrier carrying the image onto a first surface of a recording material by applying a voltage containing an alternating-current component to the recording material; and a humidifying unit that humidifies the recording material transported toward the transfer unit from a second surface of the recording material that is opposite to the first surface.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image holding unit that holds a toner image, a transfer unit that transfers the toner image held by the image holding unit onto a medium in a transfer region, a reduction unit that is positioned further upstream than the transfer region and that reduces an electrical resistance of a first surface of the medium, the first surface being opposite to a second surface of the medium onto which an image is to be transferred, and a control unit that controls the reduction unit in accordance with a type of a medium to be used in such a manner that the electrical resistance of the first surface does not exceed a predetermined range.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic rotatable pressing member having further durability. The electrophotographic rotatable pressing member includes: a substrate; and an elastic layer formed on the substrate, the elastic layer containing a silicone rubber and a needle-shaped filler dispersed in the silicone rubber and having hollow parts, wherein, when cutting the elastic layer along a cross section including a center axis of the substrate in a longitudinal direction of the electrophotographic rotatable pressing member, and a total of each sectional area of the hollow parts in a unit area A2 of a cross-sectional surface is defined as A1, a standard deviation of an area ratio A1/A2 is 0.08 or less.

Abstract: Provided is a fixing member for a heat fixing apparatus which can further improve utilization efficiency of heat for heat fixing of an unfixed toner. A fixing member having an endless belt shape includes a substrate and an elastic layer on the substrate, wherein the elastic layer includes silicone rubber and a filler dispersed in the silicone rubber, and when a thermal conductivity of the elastic layer in a thickness direction is defined as ?nd, a thermal conductivity of the elastic layer in a circumferential direction is defined as ?td, and a thermal conductivity of the elastic layer in a width direction is defined as ?md, ?nd is 1.30 W/(m·K) or more, and ?nd, ?td, and ?md satisfy a relationship as shown below ?nd >?md >?td.

Abstract: A packaging machine includes a pair of grips holding vicinities of two sides of a bag mouth of a packaging bag, a moving body to intermittently moving the paired grips every one of a plurality of packaging steps, and a paper packaging bag sealing device provided in a section where a sealing step is carried out, for sealing a paper packaging bag to which a sealing adhesive agent has been applied.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic rotatable pressing member having further durability. The electrophotographic rotatable pressing member includes: a substrate; and an elastic layer formed on the substrate, the elastic layer containing a silicone rubber and a needle-shaped filler dispersed in the silicone rubber and having hollow parts, wherein, when cutting the elastic layer along a cross section including a center axis of the substrate in a longitudinal direction of the electrophotographic rotatable pressing member, and a total of each sectional area of the hollow parts in a unit area A2 of a cross-sectional surface is defined as A1, a standard deviation of an area ratio A1/A2 is 0.08 or less.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic rotatable pressing member having further durability. The electrophotographic rotatable pressing member includes: a substrate; and an elastic layer formed on the substrate, the elastic layer containing a silicone rubber and a needle-shaped filler dispersed in the silicone rubber and having hollow parts, wherein, when cutting the elastic layer along a cross section including a center axis of the substrate in a longitudinal direction of the electrophotographic rotatable pressing member, and a total of each sectional area of the hollow parts in a unit area A2 of a cross-sectional surface is defined as A1, a standard deviation of an area ratio A1/A2 is 0.08 or less.

Abstract: A method for producing an electrically conductive seamless tube includes (1) preparing an electrically conductive resin composition containing a thermoplastic resin and an electrically conductive filler, (2) preparing a cylindrical extruding die including a cylindrical slit, at least one circumferential distribution channel communicating with the slit and distributing the resin composition that is plasticized in a circumferential direction of the slit, and at least one lead-in path that leads the plasticized resin composition into the circumferential distribution channel, the lead-in path containing a line mixer; (3) introducing the plasticized resin composition into the lead-in path toward the circumferential distribution channel; (4) introducing the plasticized resin composition flowing through the lead-in path into the circumferential distribution channel toward the slit; and (5) introducing the resin composition flowing through the circumferential distribution channel into the slit and extruding the resin