Abstract: An electronic device has a wiring board mounted with an electronic circuit chip. A recess or through-hole is formed in a major surface of the wiring board on which the electronic circuit chip is mounted at a position corresponding to a central portion of the electronic circuit chip. Air trapped in a space between the electronic circuit chip and the wiring board is collected in the recess or through-hole to form a void separated from the electronic circuit chip.

Abstract: Performing NURBS (non-uniform rational B-spline) interpolation machining is performed by reading cutter location (CL) data consisting of a tool control point vector and a tool axis vector on a workpiece coordinate system, converting the CL data into a position vector of three linear axes and a rotation angle on a machine coordinate system in accordance with the machine configuration of a simultaneous multiple-axis NC machine, calculating knot vectors of a NURBS curve with the most suitable chord length on the basis of a position vector of the three linear axes and a rotation angle, calculating a NURBS curve of the three linear axes and one rotary axis using the knot vectors, converting the NURBS curve into NURBS interpolation NC data, converting the feed rate on a workpiece coordinate system into the feed rate per minute on a machine coordinate system, and transmitting NC data to a NC machine.

Abstract: A laminate film showing good durability under pressure and heat application, and suitably used as a fixing film for toner image fixation, is provided. Such a laminate film is provided by forming a polyimide resin layer on a metal base layer at a controlled imidation percentage of 70-93%.

Abstract: Performing NURBS (non-uniform rational B-spline) interpolation machining is performed by reading cutter location (CL) data consisting of a tool control point vector and a tool axis vector on a workpiece coordinate system, converting the CL data into a position vector of three linear axes and a rotation angle on a machine coordinate system in accordance with the machine configuration of a simultaneous multiple-axis NC machine, calculating knot vectors of a NURBS curve with the most suitable chord length on the basis of a position vector of the three linear axes and a rotation angle, calculating a NURBS curve of the three linear axes and one rotary axis using the knot vectors, converting the NURBS curve into NURBS interpolation NC data, converting the feed rate on a workpiece coordinate system into the feed rate per minute on a machine coordinate system, and transmitting NC data to a NC machine.

Abstract: A scroll-type compressor includes a housing including a suction chamber and a discharge chamber. The compressor also includes a fixed scroll including a first spiral element, and an orbiting scroll including a second spiral element. Specifically, the orbiting scroll is positioned inside the suction chamber, and the first spiral element and the second spiral element interfit with each other to form a fluid pocket. Moreover, the compressor includes a driving mechanism for moving the orbiting scroll in an orbiting motion, a rotation prevention mechanism for preventing the orbiting scroll from rotating, and a communication path formed at a lower portion of the fixed scroll. Specifically, the communication path allows fluid communication between a lower portion of the discharge chamber and a lower portion of the suction chamber.

Abstract: An image heating apparatus includes a heater; a rotatable member movable while being in contact with contact, the rotatable member including a metal layer and an elastic layer; a pressing member cooperative with the heater to form a nip for nipping and feeding a recording material; wherein the metal layer has a thickness which is not less than 10 &mgr;m and not more than 60 &mgr;m, and wherein a pressure per unit length with respect to a longitudinal direction of the nip is not less than 0.39 N/mm and not more than 0.

Abstract: Performing NURBS (non-uniform rational B-spline) interpolation machining is performed by reading cutter location (CL) data consisting of a tool control point vector and a tool axis vector on a workpiece coordinate system, converting the CL data into a position vector of three linear axes and a rotation angle on a machine coordinate system in accordance with the machine configuration of a simultaneous multiple-axis NC machine, calculating knot vectors of a NURBS curve with the most suitable chord length on the basis of a position vector of the three linear axes and a rotation angle, calculating a NURBS curve of the three linear axes and one rotary axis using the knot vectors, converting the NURBS curve into NURBS interpolation NC data, converting the feed rate on a workpiece coordinate system into the feed rate per minute on a machine coordinate system, and transmitting NC data to a NC machine.

Abstract: A dry vacuum pump assembly that includes a casting having an inner chamber, an inlet and an outlet communicating with the inner chamber, a pair of right and left handed screw rotors positioned in the casing, each screw rotor having a cross section formed by a Quimby curve, a circular arc, and a quasi-Archimedean spiral curve, the pair of screw rotors intermeshing with each other to pump a process gas pumped from the inlet to the outlet. The pump assembly further includes a nitrogen-supplying tube that communicates with the inner chamber at a position near the outlet in the casing, and an external pipe that connects the outlet to a scrubber or a trap which external pipe is straight and does not include a silencer.

Abstract: A roller has an elastic layer formed by curing a silicone rubber material containing at least expanded resin microballons, wherein, when the roller is placed in a vacuum chamber in which atmospheric pressure is reduced to 0.001 MPa or less over 2 minutes, the roller has a gas permeability indicating the recovery characteristic where an increased amount of the thickness of the elastic layer after 10 minutes from the start of evacuation is two-thirds or less of the maximum increased amount of thickness of the elastic layer during a 10 minute period from the start of evacuation. The elastic layer is formed by curing a silicone rubber material containing the expanded resin microballoons and has air void portions formed by breaking the resin microballoons and passages connecting the air void portions therebetween.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multi-task system which can suppress the increase of required volume of RAM and which enables a multiplex interruption, and a car controlling unit utilizing that system. A memory area (RAM) utilized in executing a processing is divided into a task area 50 for carrying out a task processing and an interrupt area 60 for carrying out an interrupt processing. An interrupt level is given to the interrupt processing in accordance with its priority. The interrupt area is prepared so that the number thereof is same as that of the interrupt level. This system can suppress the increase of memory areas to be consumed as the interrupt area and can guarantee that all interrupt processings are operated.

Abstract: A movement 100 of a self-winding watch has a main plate 102, a train wheel bridge 104, a center wheel bridge 106, a third wheel bridge 107 and a transmission bridge 108. An oscillating weight 160 is rotatably attached to a third bridge 107. A first transmission intermediate gear 178a is structured to mesh with a first transmission gear 180a and oscillation weight pinion 176. An eccentric shaft-part 180d is provided on the first transmission wheel 180. A pawl lever 182 is assembled between the third wheel bridge 107 and the center wheel bridge 106. The pawl lever 182 has a guide hole 182a rotatably assembled on the eccentric shaft part 180d. The eccentric motion of pawl lever 182 winds up a spiral spring.

Abstract: A heating assembly having a press roller which has an elastic layer incorporated dispersedly with voids formed by resin microballoons. The press roller has a low thermal conductivity, hence heat from a heating means can effectively be utilized. It has also a low hardness, so that a pressure contact nip formed between it and the heating means can be made wider.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image heating apparatus which has a supporting member, a moving member slidable with the supporting member, and a backup member forming a nip with the supporting member via the moving member, wherein a lubricant is provided between the supporting member and the moving member, and at the nip, an image on a recording material is heated by heat from the moving member, and wherein the supporting member includes a plurality of recess portions in a surface thereof adjacent to the moving member, a width of one of the plurality of recess portions in a moving direction of the moving member is smaller than a width of the nip in that direction, and the plurality of recess portions are arranged in the moving direction of the moving member, and range over the whole of the nip in the moving direction of the moving member.

Abstract: In a dry vacuum pump including: a casing having an inner cylinder (1a) communicating with an inlet (6) and an outlet (7) of the pump; shafts (15b) supported by the casing; spiral toothlike parts (15a) formed on the shaft (15b); a plurality of screw rotors (15), each of which includes the shaft (15b) and the spiral toothlike parts (15a) received in the inner cylinder (1a) intermeshing with each other; timing gears (16, 19), each of which is attached to the respective shafts (15b) of the screw rotors (15) and intermeshes with each other; and locking mechanisms (17), each of which for fixing the timing gear (16, 19) to the shaft (15b), both of the shaft (15b) and the toothlike part (15a) made of spheroidal graphite cast iron containing 20 to 30 wt % of nickel are casted integrally. With the construction described above, a problem such that a degree of vacuum deteriorates due to peeling of a resin coating is solved as to a dry vacuum pump pumping corrosive gas.

Abstract: The image heating apparatus for heating an image formed on a recording material has a heater, a film moving in contact with the heater, and a back-up roller for defining a nip with the heater via the film. In the image heating apparatus, the heater includes a metallic substrate, and the metallic substrate has a convex surface on a side of the nip and a concave surface on an opposite surface.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer type image forming apparatus is provided, in which a secondary transfer unit includes a secondary transfer member having a contact transfer member disposed in contact with at least the surface of an intermediate transfer medium, a bias applying unit for applying a transfer bias to transfer a toner image on the intermediate transfer medium through the secondary transfer member to a transfer medium and an inverse transfer bias having the opposite polarity to the transfer bias, and a bias switching unit for switching the applied bias of the bias applying unit so that the transfer bias is applied to an image transfer area on the intermediate transfer medium and the inverse transfer bias is applied to an image non-transfer area on the intermediate transfer medium. The apparatus is also equipped with a disturbing member for disturbing (scraping out, sweeping off or the like) toner adhering to the contact transfer member.

Abstract: An oil coating roller is provided which has superior releasing properties and will not abrade an edge portion of an oil control blade. In the oil coating roller having a topmost exterior layer composed of a silicone rubber layer, the silicone rubber layer contains 0 to 0.5 part by weight of an inorganic filler having a predetermined average particle diameter to 100 parts by weight of a silicone rubber, and the tensile strength of the silicone rubber layer is 1.0 MPa or more. In addition, the surface roughness (Rz) of the silicone rubber layer is 0.5 to 20 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing resin-coated pressure roller exhibiting excellent anti-toner soiling characteristic even at low roller temperatures is provided. The pressure roller includes a cylindrical metal substrate, and a rubber elastic layer, an adhesive layer and a fluorine-containing resin release layer disposed in this order on and successively coating the cylindrical metal substrate. The pressure roller has a surface exhibiting a micro-rubber hardness of at most 50 deg., a contact angle with water of at least 105 deg. and a ten point-average surface roughness Rz of at most 3.0 &mgr;m. The pressure roller may be suitably combined with a fixing film to provide a film heating-type fixing device suitably used in an electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A dry vacuum pump that includes a casting having an inner cylinder communicating with an inlet and an outlet of the pump, shafts supported by the casting, spiral toothed parts formed on the shaft a plurality of screw rotors each of which includes the shaft and the spiral toothed parts received in the inner cylinder intermeshing with each other. Timing gears each of which are attached to the respective shafts of the screw rotors that intermesh with each other. Locking mechanisms for fixing the timing gears to the shaft. Both of the shaft and the toothed part are made of spheroidal graphite cast iron containing 20 to 30 wt % of nickel are cast integrally.

Abstract: A blade for regulating the amount of a release oil to be supplied is placed so as to abut on a fixing member or on a member for controlling the amount of the release oil to be supplied to the fixing member. The abutting surface of the blade is composed of a silicone rubber layer. Alternatively, the blade includes a plate-shaped elastic body and a silicone rubber layer formed on the tip of the elastic body. A fixing device including the blade and an image-forming apparatus including the fixing device are also disclosed.