Abstract: [Object] The present invention provides a perpendicular magnetic recording medium that can reduce noise by further size reduction and isolation of magnetic grains in a magnetic recording layer and can increase the recording density by improvement of the SNR. [Means for Solution] A typical configuration of a perpendicular magnetic recording medium according to the present invention is a perpendicular magnetic recording medium 100 having a magnetic recording layer 122 with a granular structure in which non-magnetic grain boundary portions are formed between magnetic grains that have grown continuously in a columnar shape, wherein the grain boundary portions contain a plurality of kinds of oxides.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium of the invention is characterized by having, on a disk substrate 110, a soft magnetic layer 14, a magnetic recording layer 22, a continuous layer 24 magnetically continuous in the in-plane direction of the substrate, a blocking layer 25 for blocking shock imposed on the continuous layer, and a medium protective layer 28 containing carbon formed on the blocking layer.

Abstract: In a magnetic disk having a magnetic layer, a protection layer, and a lubrication layer formed on a substrate in this order, a surface free energy ?S of a surface of the magnetic disk derived by an extended Fowkes equation is greater than 0 and no greater than 24 mN/m. ?Sd (dispersion force component of surface free energy) forming the surface free energy ?S is greater than 0 and no greater than 17 mN/m, ?Sp (dipole component of surface free energy) forming the surface free energy ?S is greater than 0 and no greater than 1 mN/m, and ?Sh (hydrogen bonding force component of surface free energy) forming the surface free energy ?S is greater than 0 and no greater than 6 mN/m.

Abstract: A magnetic disk comprises a magnetic layer and a protective layer sequentially formed on a disk-shaped substrate and has a principal surface to which data is recorded, and a side surface portion both of which are coated with the protective layer. The protective layer on the side surface portion is thinner than the protective layer on the principal surface. Preferably, the side surface portion includes a side wall surface, and a chamfered surface lying between the side wall surface and the principal surface, and at least the protective layer on the chamfered surface is thinner than the protective layer on the principal surface.

Abstract: In a magnetic disk having a magnetic layer, a protection layer, and a lubrication layer formed on a substrate in this order, a surface free energy ?S of a surface of the magnetic disk derived by an extended Fowkes equation is greater than 0 and no greater than 24 mN/m. ?Sd (dispersion force component of surface free energy) forming the surface free energy ?S is greater than 0 and no greater than 17 mN/m, ?Sp (dipole component of surface free energy) forming the surface free energy ?S is greater than 0 and no greater than 1 mN/m, and ?Sh (hydrogen bonding force component of surface free energy) forming the surface free energy ?S is greater than 0 and no greater than 6 mN/m.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic recording medium which maintains high S/N ratio and coercive force (Hc) and has high recording density, even with fine magnetic particles, by further improving crystal orientation of a magnetic recording layer. The magnetic recording medium is provided with an orientation control layer (16), a nonmagnetic under layer (18), and a magnetic recording layer (22) on a substrate. The orientation control layer (16) has an fcc structure and a (111) plane parallel to the substrate. The under layer (18) has an hcp structure and a (0001) plane parallel to the substrate. An atomic distance of the (111) plane of the orientation control layer (16) is ?0.2 ? to +0.15 ? to a lattice spacing of the under layer (18).

Abstract: A vertical magnetic recording disc (100) includes a base (10), a magnetic recording layer (22), and a medium protection layer (26). The magnetic recording layer (22) is a ferromagnetic layer having a granular structure where a granular portion is formed. The medium protection layer (26) contains nitrogen (N) atoms and carbon (C) atoms with a number ratio (N/C) in a range from 0.050 to 0.150. In a Raman spectrum obtained by exciting the medium protection layer (26) by argon ion laser light of wavelength 514.5 nm, from which a fluorescence is removed, the peak ratio Dh/Gh is in a range from 0.70 to 0.95, when a D peak Dh appearing in the vicinity of 1350 cm?1 is separated from G peak Gh appearing in the vicinity of 1520 cm?1 by the Gauss function.

Abstract: In a method of evaluating surface tension of a solid body surface, selection is made of at least three liquid samples having different surface tensions, and contact angles between the respective liquid samples and the solid body surface are measured. Thereby, a correlation between cosines (Y) of the contact angles and surface tensions (X) of the liquid samples is derived as a logarithmic function. Surface tension of the solid body surface is evaluated by the use of a value of X that is calculated by substituting 1 for Y in the correlation. When evaluated by the foregoing evaluation method, a magnetic disk has a surface where the value of X, when 1 is substituted for Y, is greater than 0 and no greater than 17 mN/m.

Abstract: A magnetic disk includes a substrate on which a nonmagnetic metal layer, a magnetic layer, a carbon-based protection layer, an alcohol-based coupling layer, and a lubrication layer successively formed thereon. The lubrication layer contains a hydroxyl- or a carboxyl-modified compound as a lubricating material. The alcohol-based coupling layer contains, for example, lower alcohol as a main component and is deposited on the carbon-based protection layer, for example, by vapor deposition. The alcohol-based coupling layer may be replaced by a layer containing lower alcohol. The carbon-based protection layer may be deposited by plasma CVD.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a magnetic disk including at least a substrate 1, a magnetic layer 3 formed on the substrate 1 in order to carry out magnetic recording, and a protecting layer 4 formed on the magnetic layer 3 in order to protect the magnetic layer 3, the protecting layer 4 has a carbon hydride protecting film 4a substantially formed of carbon and hydrogen on a side of the magnetic layer 3. The method includes a carbon hydride protecting film forming step of forming the carbon hydride protecting film 4a in an atmosphere having a degree of vacuum ranging from 0.1 Pa to 2 Pa while carrying out a plasma ignition using an igniter for maintaining a stable plasma discharge.

Abstract: A protection layer containing carbon as a major component is deposited by plasma CVD. The protection layer has film quality such that, when a spectrum is obtained by excluding photoluminescence from a Raman spectrum in a wavenumber band from 900 cm?1 to 1800 cm?1 obtained by exciting the protection layer with an argon ion laser beam having a wavelength of 514.5 nm and the spectrum is subjected to waveform separation by the Gaussian function to split a D peak appearing around 1350 cm?1 and a G peak appearing around 1520 cm?1, the ratio Dw/Gw between a half width Dw of the D peak and a half width Gw of the G peak exceeds 0 and is not greater than 2.7.

Abstract: A polyolefin resin drawn sheet 4 is laminated on at least one face of a sheet-form core material 6 having a density of 30 to 300 kgf/m3. At this time, a sheet or film 5 made of a bonding synthetic resin or rubber having a flow starting temperature lower than the thermal deformation temperature of the core material 6 and the melting point of the drawn sheet 4 is interposed between the core material 6 and the drawn sheet 4. The resultant stack product is heated to not less than the flow starting temperature of the synthetic resin or the rubber and not more than the thermal deformation temperature of the core material 6 and the melting point of the drawn sheet 4. At the same time of or after the heating, the stack product is pressed to apply a compression strain of 0.01 to 10% to the core material 6.

Abstract: A polyolefin resin drawn sheet 4 is laminated on at least one face of a sheet-form core material 6 having a density of 30 to 300 kgf/m3. At this time, a sheet or film 5 made of a bonding synthetic resin or rubber having a flow starting temperature lower than the thermal deformation temperature of the core material 6 and the melting point of the drawn sheet 4 is interposed between the core material 6 and the drawn sheet 4. The resultant stack product is heated to not less than the flow starting temperature of the synthetic resin or the rubber and not more than the thermal deformation temperature of the core material 6 and the melting point of the drawn sheet 4. At the same time of or after the heating, the stack product is pressed to apply a compression strain of 0.01 to 10% to the core material 6.

Abstract: A protection layer containing carbon as a major component is deposited by plasma CVD. The protection layer has film quality such that, when a spectrum is obtained by excluding photoluminescence from a Raman spectrum in a wavenumber band from 900 cm?1 to 1800 cm?1 obtained by exciting the protection layer with an argon ion laser beam having a wavelength of 514.5 nm and the spectrum is subjected to waveform separation by the Gaussian function to split a D peak appearing around 1350 cm?1 and a G peak appearing around 1520 cm?1, the ratio Dw/Gw between a half width Dw of the D peak and a half width Gw of the G peak exceeds 0 and is not greater than 2.7.

Abstract: In a method of evaluating surface tension of a solid body surface, selection is made of at least three liquid samples having different surface tensions, and contact angles between the respective liquid samples and the solid body surface are measured. Thereby, a correlation between cosines (Y) of the contact angles and surface tensions (X) of the liquid samples is derived as a logarithmic function. Surface tension of the solid body surface is evaluated by the use of a value of X that is calculated by substituting 1 for Y in the correlation. When evaluated by the foregoing evaluation method, a magnetic disk has a surface where the value of X, when 1 is substituted for Y, is greater than 0 and no greater than 17 mN/m.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording medium which comprises a substrate (1), a magnetic layer (3) formed on the substrate, a carbon-based protection layer (4) comprising carbon and formed on the magnetic layer, and a lubrication layer (5) formed on the carbon-based protection layer, the carbon-based protection layer comprises a hydrogenated carbon protection layer (4a) facing the magnetic layer and a nitrogenated carbon protection layer (4b) facing the lubrication layer. The hydrogenated carbon protection layer (4a) comprises carbon and hydrogen. The nitrogenated carbon protection layer (4b) includes no hydrogen but comprises carbon and nitrogen.

Abstract: A magnetic disk includes a substrate on which a nonmagnetic metal layer, a magnetic layer, a carbon-based protection layer, an alcohol-based coupling layer, and a lubrication layer successively formed thereon. The lubrication layer contains a hydroxyl- or a carboxyl-modified compound as a lubricating material. The alcohol-based coupling layer contains, for example, lower alcohol as a main component and is deposited on the carbon-based protection layer, for example, by vapor deposition. The alcohol-based coupling layer may be replaced by a layer containing lower alcohol. The carbon-based protection layer may be deposited by plasma CVD.

Abstract: In a method of evaluating surface tension of a solid body surface, selection is made of at least three liquid samples having different surface tensions, and contact angles between the respective liquid samples and the solid body surface are measured. Thereby, a correlation between cosines (Y) of the contact angles and surface tensions (X) of the liquid samples is derived as a logarithmic function. Surface tension of the solid body surface is evaluated by the use of a value of X that is calculated by substituting 1 for Y in the correlation. When evaluated by the foregoing evaluation method, a magnetic disk has a surface where the value of X, when 1 is substituted for Y, is greater than 0 and no greater than 17 mN/m.

Abstract: A magnetic disk includes a substrate on which a nonmagnetic metal layer, a magnetic layer, a carbon-based protection layer, an alcohol-based coupling layer, and a lubrication layer successively formed thereon. The lubrication layer contains a hydroxyl- or a carboxyl-modified compound as a lubricating material. The alcohol-based coupling layer contains, for example, lower alcohol as a main component and is deposited on the carbon-based protection layer, for example, by vapor deposition. The alcohol-based coupling layer may be replaced by a layer containing lower alcohol. The carbon-based protection layer may be deposited by plasma CVD.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing magnetic disks, comprising a magnetic layer, a protective layer, and a lubricating layer on a substrate. In the process, a lubricant alpha comprising a compound denoted by chemical formula HO—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—O—CH2—CF2(—O—C2F4)p-(O—CF2)q-O—CF2—CH2—O—CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—OH wherein p and q are natural number, and a compound denoted by chemical formula HO—CH2—CF2(—O—C2F4)m-(O—CF2)n-O—CF2—CH2—OH wherein m and n are natural number, is fractionated by molecular weight to prepare a lubricant a having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of from 3,000 to 7,000 and a molecular weight dispersion of less than or equal to 1.2; a lubricant beta comprising a compound denoted by the chemical formula HO—CH2—CF2(—O—C2F4)m-(O—CF2)n-O—CF2—CH2—OH wherein m and n are natural number, is fractionated by molecular weight to prepare a lubricant b having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of from 2,000 to 5,000 and a molecular weight dispersion of less than or equal to 1.