Abstract: Provided is a method for co-producing iodine and salt by use of underground brine containing iodine salt and sodium chloride. The method is a method to produce iodine and salt in parallel including a series of steps including: an iodine acquisition step; a collecting step for obtaining concentrated brine by simultaneously concentrating iodine salt and sodium chloride by using an electrodialysis device; and a roasting step for obtaining salt. The present invention encompasses various aspects in terms of the order of performing the iodine acquisition step, the collecting step, and the roasting step, which are included in the series of steps.

Abstract: By intramolecular condensation reaction of 2,15-hexadecanedione in a gaseous phase with a compound of a Group II element of the Periodic Table as a catalyst, 3-methyl-cyclopentadecenones is generated. Magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, or zinc oxide is desirable as the catalyst for the intramolecular condensation reaction. (R)- and (S)-muscone is generated by subjecting 3-methyl-cyclopentadecenones obtained as above to hydrogenation by using a catalyst. Palladium catalyst is desirable as the hydrogenation catalyst. Optically active muscone is generated by separating 3-methyl-cyclopentadecenones into respective components thereof by means of precision distillation and subsequently subjecting the separated 3-methyl-cyclopentadecenones to asymmetric hydrogenation by using an optically active ruthenium complex catalyst. The production methods described above enable easy and economical production of 3-methyl-cyclopentadecenones, (R)- and (S)-muscone, and optically active muscone.

Abstract: Provided is a production method for an iodine compound in which iodine is reacted with a substrate in the presence of a porous material having a pore diameter of 500 nm or less or in the presence of the above porous material and an oxidizing agent and a production process for high purity 5-iodo-2-methylbenzoic acid comprising an iodination reaction step carried out by the above-mentioned, a crystal precipitation and separation step in which a product is precipitated by adding water or cooling and then separated and a purification step in which crystal separated is recrystallized using an organic solvent. According to the production method for an iodine compound described above, iodine can be introduced into various substrates at a high selectivity. Since expensive metals and specific reagents do not have to be used, it can readily be carried out in an industrially scale, and the product having a high purity can be obtained.

Abstract: Provided is a production method for an iodine compound in which iodine is reacted with a substrate in the presence of a porous material having a pore diameter of 500 nm or less or in the presence of the above porous material and an oxidizing agent and a production process for high purity 5-iodo-2-methylbenzoic acid comprising an iodination reaction step carried out by the above-mentioned, a crystal precipitation and separation step in which a product is precipitated by adding water or cooling and then separated and a purification step in which crystal separated is recrystallized using an organic solvent. According to the production method for an iodine compound described above, iodine can be introduced into various substrates at a high selectivity. Since expensive metals and specific reagents do not have to be used, it can readily be carried out in an industrially scale, and the product having a high purity can be obtained.

Abstract: A method for producing L-allysine acetal represented by general formula (II), comprising reacting D,L-allysinamide acetal represented by general formula (I) with cells of microorganism or treated cell product having an activity of stereoselectively hydrolyzing L-allysinamide acetal, wherein R1 and R2, which may be the same or different, each independently represent a lower alkyl group, or R1 and R2 are combined to form an alkylene group represented by [CH2]n, and n is 2 to 3. D,L-allysinamide acetal represented by general formula (I) is also in the scope of the invention. According to the present invention, L-allysine acetal useful as a raw material for medicine can be produced in a smaller number of steps at low costs.

Abstract: Provided a process for producing higher content of trans 1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane which is used as the raw material for producing polyamides or polyurethanes having physically and chemically excellent properties from 1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane which is generally produced by hydrogenation of p-xylylenediamine.That is, a mixture of cis and trans 1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane is isomerized by heating at 120 to 250.degree. C. in the presence of a platinum group catalyst to change to trans isomer. 1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane containing more than 80% trans isomer is produced by combining this isomerization technique and crystallization technique.

Abstract: A process for the production of a dialkyl carbonate comprisinga first step of reacting an alkylene glycol, or an alkanediol, with urea in the presence of a catalyst to form an alkylene carbonate or a six-membered cyclic carbonate, anda second step of reacting the alkylene carbonate or the six-membered cyclic carbonate with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a dialkyl carbonate and an alkylene glycol, or a dialkyl carbonate and an alkanediol,wherein the alkylene glycol or the alkanediol obtained in the second step is recycled to the first step.

Abstract: A method for the production of an alkylene carbonate at high yields and high selectivity by a reaction between an alkylene glycol and urea, the method being capable to preventing the deposition of a white crystal in the reflux condenser used in a conventional method for the production of alkylene carbonate and the subsequent decrease in the yield, wherein:a gas washing member and a cooling member are disposed above a reaction portion where alkylene glycol and urea are allowed to react,ammonia-containing steam exhausted from the reaction portion is downwardly introduced into the cooling member through the gas washing member,condensate and ammonia gas exhausted from a bottom of the cooling member are gas-liquid separated,the condensate is introduced into the gas washing member, andthe ammonia gas is removed from the reaction system.

Abstract: A process for producing alkylene carbonates which comprises reacting urea and glycols described by the general formula RCH(OH) CH.sub.2 OH; wherein R represents hydrogen or an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbons, using a catalyst containing zinc, magnesium, lead or calcium at reduced pressures. The alkylene carbonates are produced with high yield easily using raw materials which are comparatively inexpensive with a mild reaction that does not involve explosive or hazardous materials.

Abstract: A process for optically isomerizing an optically active alpha-amino acid amide comprising heating a D-alpha-amino acid amide or an L-alpha-amino acid amide in the presence of a strongly basic compound; and a process for producing an L-alpha-amino acid, which comprises(1) subjecting a D,L-alpha-amino acid amide or a mixture of a major amount of a D-alpha-amino acid amide and a minor amount of an L-alpha-amino acid amide to the action of a microorganism having the ability to hydrolyze the L-alpha-amino acid to obtain a hydrolyzate containing the L-alpha-amino acid and D-alpha-amino acid,(2) separating the L-alpha-amino acid from the hydrolyzate and recovering the remaining D-alpha-amino acid amide.

Abstract: An .alpha.-amino acid is effectively separated and recovered from an aqueous solution containing at least an .alpha.-amino acid and its corresponding .alpha.-amino acid amide by performing ion-exchange electrodialysis in the presence of ammonia. A reaction product liquid obtained by biochemical asymmetric hydrolysis of a D, L-.alpha.-amino acid is used preferably as the raw material aqueous solution for dialysis.

Abstract: A process for producing efficiently and economically without using strong acids nor strong bases, .alpha.-amino acids from .alpha.-amino acid amides by hydrolyzing .alpha.-amino acid amides in an aqueous medium in the presence of ammonia. If necessary, the resultant hydrolyzate liquid from which .alpha.-amino acid has been removed may be reused.

Abstract: A process for the production of aromatic dialdehydes which comprises reacting xylene chloride selected from the group consisting of .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.'-trichloroxylene alone, or a mixture of .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.'-trichloroxylene and .alpha.,.alpha.'-dichloroxylene, a mixture of .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.'-trichloroxylene and .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.'-tetrachloroxylene and a mixture of .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.'-trichloroxylene, .alpha.,.alpha.'-dichloroxylene and .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.'-tetrachloroxylene with nitric acid.

Abstract: A batchwise or continuous process for producing isophthaloyl dichloride or terephthaloyl dichloride having a high purity which comprises, in combination, (1) a first step of producing .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.',.alpha.'-hexachloroxylene by reacting meta- or para-xylene with chlorine under the irradiation of ultraviolet-containing rays, the reaction being carried out in the presence of, as a solvent, .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.',.alpha.'-hexachloroxylene added at the outset of the reaction; (2) a second step of producing isophthaloyl dichloride or terephthaloyl dichloride by reacting the .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.',.alpha.'-hexachloroxylene obtained in the first step with isophthalic acid or terephthalic acid; and (3) a third step of purifying the isophthaloyl dichloride or terephthaloyl dichloride obtained in the second step by dissolving the isophthaloyl dichloride or terephthaloyl dichloride in 0.

Abstract: A process for producing perchloromethylbenzene by reacting a methylbenzene selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN X is a chlorine or bromine atom, m is a number of 0, 1 or 2, and n is an integer of 1 to 3,And compounds of the above formula wherein the side chain methyl group is partially chlorinated, with chlorine under the irradiation of light containing ultraviolet rays, characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of said perchloromethylbenzene in the reaction system as a solvent.

Abstract: This invention concerns to a process for .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.',.alpha.'-hexachloroxylene by reacting m-xylene or p-xylene or a partially chlorinated product thereof with chlorine under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, the process comprising (1) a first-step chlorination reaction which is carried out in the presence of .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.',.alpha.'-hexachloroxylene as a solvent added at the initial stage of the reaction, and continued until a compound convertible to .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.',.alpha.'-hexachloroxylene by chlorination becomes substantially absent in the reaction mixture, and (2) a second-step chlorination reaction which is continued from the first-step chlorination and carried out to convert difficulty-separable by-products present in the reaction mixture to easily-separable compounds. This invention also concerns to a process for producing an aromatic dicarboxylic acid chloride which comprise reacting the resulting .alpha.,.alpha.,.