Abstract: A first actuator and a second actuator each have a plurality of control calculation units provided redundantly and a plurality of motor drive units provided redundantly. In the first and the second actuators, the control calculation units of the systems paired with each other transmit and receive information to and from each other by a communication between the actuators. When a failure occurs in any system in either of the two actuators, or when a failure occurs in a communication between actuators in either system, the control calculation unit of each actuator of the system in which the failure occurred stops the motor drive control. Then, the motor drive control is continued by the control calculation unit of the normal system in both actuators.

Abstract: A molded stationary induction apparatus is provided with: a winding the surface of which is covered with resin or an insulating material containing resin; a closed vessel in which the winding is housed and air having pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure is sealed; and a heat exchanger which cools the air in the closed vessel.

Abstract: A molded stationary induction apparatus is provided with: a winding the surface of which is covered with resin or an insulating material containing resin; a closed vessel in which the winding is housed and air having pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure is sealed; and a heat exchanger which cools the air in the closed vessel.

Abstract: An idling speed control system is arranged such that idling speed of an automotive engine is controlled to a desired idling speed. The system has a memory for storing data for changing the desired idling speed. The data are applied by operating an outside instrument through a communication system. The desired idling speed is changed with the data stored in the memory, so that the predetermined idling speed is changed.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control system for a carburetor of an internal combustion engine comprises an O.sub.2 -sensor for detecting the concentration of the oxygen constituent of exhaust gases passing through an exhaust passage, an on-off electromagnetic valve for correcting the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture supplied by the carburetor, an electronic control circuit comprising a comparator for comparing an output signal of the O.sub.2 -sensor, an integration circuit, and a driving circuit for producing driving pulses for driving the electromagnetic valve in dependency on an output signal of the integration circuit for controlling the air-fuel ratio. A detector, such as an ignition pulse generating device, is provided for detecting conditions of operation of the internal combustion engine and for producing an engine operation signal, and a current control circuit responds to the engine operation signal for producing an output current.

Abstract: A system for supplying secondary air for an emission control system of an internal combustion engine having a catalytic converter. The system comprises a secondary air conduit communicated with an exhaust port of the engine, a reed valve provided in the secondary air conduit for preventing the counterflow. The inlet of the reed valve is communicated with the atmosphere for inducting secondary air into the exhaust passage. A valve is provided for opening the inlet of the reed valve, and a valve actuator for actuating the valve. An engine temperature sensor is provided for producing an output signal when the temperature of the engine is below than a predetermined temperature. An electric circuit is operated in response to the output signal of the engine temperature sensor.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control system for an internal combustion engine having an emission control system with a three-way catalytic converter for controlling the air-fuel ratio in accordance with the temperature of the engine and operation of the engine. A temperature sensor for detecting the engine temperature and a negative pressure sensor for detecting the engine manifold vacuum in the induction passage are provided. A feedback control circuit is provided for controlling the air-fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio in a normal operating condition and for stopping the control operation when the acceleration in the cold engine is detected by the temperature sensor and the negative pressure sensor. A first switch is provided to be actuated by the output of the negative pressure sensor to connect the output of the temperature sensor with the input of the feedback control circuit when the negative pressure is lower than a predetermined value.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control system for an internal combustion engine having an emission control system with a three-way catalytic converter for controlling the air-fuel ratio in accordance with the temperature of the engine and acceleration of the engine. A temperature sensor for detecting the engine temperature and an acceleration sensor for detecting the negative pressure in the intake passage corresponding to the acceleration of the engine are provided. An electronic control circuit is provided for controlling the air-fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio in a normal operating condition and for stopping the control operation when the acceleration in the cold engine is detected by the temperature sensor and acceleration sensor.