Abstract: An object of the present invention is to develop and provide a lung cancer differential marker with which lung cancer can be diagnosed conveniently and highly sensitively without depending only on increase or decrease in protein expression level between cancer patients and healthy persons. Another object of the present invention is to develop and provide a glycan marker capable of distinguishing histological types of lung cancer. Of serum glycoproteins, glycopeptide and glycoprotein groups whose glycan structures were altered specifically in lung cancer cell culture supernatants were identified, and they are provided as lung cancer differential markers.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to develop and provide a lung cancer differential marker with which lung cancer can be diagnosed conveniently and highly sensitively without depending only on increase or decrease in protein expression level between cancer patients and healthy persons. Another object of the present invention is to develop and provide a glycan marker capable of distinguishing histological types of lung cancer. Of serum glycoproteins, glycopeptide and glycoprotein groups whose glycan structures were altered specifically in lung cancer cell culture supernatants were identified, and they are provided as lung cancer differential markers.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to develop and provide a lung cancer differential marker with which lung cancer can be diagnosed conveniently and highly sensitively without depending only on increase or decrease in protein expression level between cancer patients and healthy persons. Another object of the present invention is to develop and provide a glycan marker capable of distinguishing histological types of lung cancer. Of serum glycoproteins, glycopeptide and glycoprotein groups whose glycan structures were altered specifically in lung cancer cell culture supernatants were identified, and they are provided as lung cancer differential markers.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to develop and provide a lung cancer differential marker with which lung cancer can be diagnosed conveniently and highly sensitively without depending only on increase or decrease in protein expression level between cancer patients and healthy persons. Another object of the present invention is to develop and provide a glycan marker capable of distinguishing histological types of lung cancer. Of serum glycoproteins, glycopeptide and glycoprotein groups whose glycan structures were altered specifically in lung cancer cell culture supernatants were identified, and they are provided as lung cancer differential markers.

Abstract: A quantum beam aided atomic force microscopy and quantum beam aided atomic force microscope that can simultaneously perform atomic-level configuration observation and elemental analysis with the use of an atomic force microscope and further can effect analysis of the chemical state of sample surface and that as being operable in liquids, can realize the elemental analysis and chemical state analysis of biosamples with an atomic-level resolving power. Accordingly, atoms of sample surface are irradiated with quantum beams, such as charged particles, electrons and photons, having a given electron transition energy characteristic of element, and any change in interaction force between the atoms of sample surface having been irradiated with quantum beams and the distal end of the probe is detected.

Abstract: A quantum beam aided atomic force microscopy and quantum beam aided atomic force microscope that can simultaneously perform atomic-level configuration observation and elemental analysis with the use of an atomic force microscope and further can effect analysis of the chemical state of sample surface and that as being operable in liquids, can realize the elemental analysis and chemical state analysis of biosamples with an atomic-level resolving power. Accordingly, atoms of sample surface are irradiated with quantum beams, such as charged particles, electrons and photons, having a given electron transition energy characteristic of element, and any change in interaction force between the atoms of sample surface having been irradiated with quantum beams and the distal end of the probe is detected.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner containing a specific compound as the charge control agent is described. The electrophotographic toner according to the present invention have a sharper distribution of the amount of electrification and better moisture resistance and time stability than those of a toner wherein a conventional charge control agent is used. Therefore it can provide an image having a very high gradation and has a very high capability of repeatedly forming an image. Since the charge control agent, as such, is essentially colorless, a colorant can freely be selected according to a hue required of a color toner and the toner is not detrimental to the hue inherent in a dye and a pigment.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner containing a specific compound as the charge control agent is described. The electrophotographic toner according to the present invention have a sharper distribution of charge and better moisture resistance and charge durability than those of a toner wherein a conventional charge control agent is used. Therefore it can provide an image having a very high gradation and has a very high capability of repeatedly forming an image. Since the charge control agent, as such, is essentially colorless, a colorant can freely be selected according to a hue required of a color toner and the toner is not detrimental to the hue inherent in a dye and a pigment. The charge control agent is highly safe to environment.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device which includes a cathode, an organic emitting layer which includes a quinoline derivative and a quinacridone or quinazoline compound, an organic positive hole transport layer, and an anode, laminated in sequence, has a high emission efficiency and a high color purity of light emitted from the EL device.

Abstract: Electroluminescent device with improved luminous efficiency, where a fluorescent emitting layer and a positive-hole transporting layer are layered on each other and arranged between a cathode and an anode, the two layers comprising organic compounds and the fluorescent emitting layer being composed of quinoline derivative as a host material, characterized by containing in the fluorescent emitting layer, as a guest material, a quinacridone compound of the following formula (A); ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, methyl group or chlorine or the dehydro form of the quinacridone compound.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive recording material characterized in that a heat-sensitive color-developing layer containing a compound represented by the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, a leuco dye and an acidic substance is formed on a support.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive recording sheet comprising:(a) a support sheet;(b) a thermo-sensitive color forming layer formed on the said support sheet, said thermo-sensitive color forming layer comprising a colorless to pale color leuco dye and an acidic material capable of coloring the colorless to pale color leuco dye when heat is applied thereto;(c) an over-coat layer formed on the said heat-sensitive, color-forming layer, said over-coat layer comprising an inorganic silicate or a mixture of an inorganic silicate and a water-soluble, high-molecular compound or a slightly water-soluble high-molecular compound.The said heat-sensitive recording sheet has a reduced property of sticking of coatings and/or dreg to a thermal head during recording and gives a developed image which is not faded by contact with plasticizer, oil, fat or water.