Abstract: A torque measuring apparatus for detecting torque in a noncontacting state on the basis of the magnetostrictive amount of a rotary magnetic member for transmitting the torque which is detected by means of a magnetic sensor.

Abstract: A torque sensor for electrically detecting torque, such as the torque of an automobile engine, wherein a strain disk is provided in the path of torque transmission and the torque is magnetically detected in terms of the magnetostriction generated in the strain disk. The torque sensor comprises a magnetic rotating disk and a magnetic sensor disposed in the vicinity of and opposed to the strain disk. The magnetic sensor comprises a detection coil and an excitation coil oriented perpendicularly to each other with the excitation coil ordinarily being disposed outside of the detection coil. Supplying alternating current to the excitation coil causes an alternating field to be produced within the strain disk and the configuration of this alternating magnetic field is varied by the anisotropy of the strain caused within the strain disk by the transmitted torque.

Abstract: A torque sensor for detecting variation in the drive torque of an automobile comprises an excitation coil wound on an excitation core and a detection coil wound on a detection core. The coils and cores are inserted into a chamber formed within a bearing for supporting a drive shaft and having an opening along the sliding surface of the bearing. The poles of the excitation core and the poles of the detection core are respectively disposed at prescribed clearances from the surface of the drive shaft in such manner that the poles of the detection core intersect the excitation core between its poles, whereby variation in drive torque is detected as magnetostriction.

Abstract: An engine vibration sensor for detecting the engine vibration as an electric signal including a vibrator set to resonate at a specific frequency of vibration of an engine to which it is attached, the vibrator being composed of at least one piezoelectric plate and having a root and a vibrator element; means for increasing the cross-sectional area of the vibrator element to make the second moment of area of the root of the vibrator relatively larger than that of the vibrator element; a base to be connected to an engine body; and a clamp for retaining the root firmly between the clamp and the base. The clamp may be provided with a projection having a flat surface for retaining the root of the vibrator. This construction prevents a change in the effective length of the vibrator element, thereby stabilizing the characteristics of the resonant frequency of the vibrator.

Abstract: An improvement in an engine vibration sensor of the type including a vibrator set to resonate at a specific frequency of vibration of the engine to which it is attached, for example the engine knocking vibration frequency, wherein the vibration of the vibrator is converted to an electric signal representing the specific engine vibration. The improvement consists of forming the vibrator from a magnetic material and providing a magnetic field generator for applying a magnetic field of controlled intensity to the vibrator, whereby the resonant frequency of the vibrator can be adjusted by varying the intensity of the magnetic field.

Abstract: A metal body having a very large surface area and high porosity, useful as a gasoline vaporizer, a heat exchanger for automobiles, a catalyst or catalyst carrier, a filter, or the like, and composed of a plurality of metal fibers which are entangled with one another to form a bed or stratum, the metal fibers being coated with a metal in such manner that the stratum provides rough and complex surfaces with cracks and irregularities. The invention also includes a process for making said metal body including the steps of entangling metal fibers to form a bed, placing the bed of fibers in contact with a coating metal, heating the fiber bed and coating metal so as to wet the fibers with molten coating metal, and cooling.

Abstract: A baking method and a kiln to bake many tiles rapidly and continuously which comprises providing endless chains, set fire-proof L-shaped supporting parts that tiles are inserted into, which are provided with an inserting apparatus that puts tiles to be baked intermittently and nearly horizontally at the front end and a rotating loop belt, to receive baked tiles, covered by a wall for keeping them hot at the rear end, and, rotating said chains in and beside the kiln and passing tiles to be baked with holding them in a standing position through the kiln.