Abstract: A TMR effect element with sufficiently reduced element resistance and restricted popping noise is provided, which comprises a tunnel barrier layer formed primarily of a metal oxide including many electric charge sites. The electric charge sites density n and the mobility ? of electrons trapped due to the electric charge sites satisfy a relationship expressed by: 0<(ns1?1?ns2?1)?1·(?0??)·(n?)?1<0.2, where ns1 and ns2 are densities of tunnel electrons when an element resistance is a minimum and maximum respectively during reading signals and ?0 is the mobility of electrons when not trapped.

Abstract: A TMR effect element with sufficiently reduced element resistance and restricted popping noise is provided, which comprises a tunnel barrier layer formed primarily of a metal oxide including many electric charge sites. The electric charge sites density n and the mobility ? of electrons trapped due to the electric charge sites satisfy a relationship expressed by: 0<(ns1?1?ns2?1)?1·(?0??)·(n?)?1<0.2, where ns1 and ns2 are densities of tunnel electrons when an element resistance is a minimum and maximum respectively during reading signals and ?0 is the mobility of electrons when not trapped.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a non-magnetic supporting substrate, and a magnetic layer on one surface thereof and a back coat layer on the other surface thereof, said back coat layer having a non-magnetic powder dispersed in a binder. The back coat layer contains carbon black and an inorganic powder as said non-magnetic powder. The carbon black contains a carbon black species having an average primary particle diameter of 40 to 70 nm, and the inorganic powder has an average primary particle diameter of 40 to 150 nm and a Mohs hardness of at least 3, with a weight ratio between said carbon black and said inorganic powder being 100:0.5 to 100:10. The binder comprises a phenoxy resin, a thermoplastic polyurethane resin having an amino group in a molecule thereof, and a polyisocyanate compound.

Abstract: A magnetic recording (vapor deposition) film medium having improved friction characteristics, running durability, and still characteristics are provided.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording medium comprising on a non-magnetic substrate a magnetic layer obtained by dispersing ferromagnetic powder in an electron beam-curable resin followed by electron beam curing or a backcoat layer obtained by curing an electron beam-curable resin with electron beams, a combination of an electron beam-curable vinyl chloride resin having a sulfur-containing polar group and an electron beam-curable urethane resin having a phosphorus-containing polar group is used as the electron beam-curable resin. This results in improvements in dispersibility, surface smoothness, and electromagnetic characteristics, as well as a lowering of error rate in high density digital recording. Storage property is good.