Abstract: A copying paper feeding device comprises a first and a second paper loading sections to be loaded with a stack of copying paper sheets, a first and a second paper delivery mechanism disposed respectively in the first and second paper loading sections, a first and a second paper introducing passage extending respectively from the first and second paper loading sections and terminating in a common point of junction, a paper conveying passage extending from the point of junction, a first conveyer roller pair disposed in the first paper introducing passage, and a second conveyor roller pair disposed at the point of junction or at an upstream part of the paper conveying passage. In performing a copying process, either the first or second paper delivery mechanism is selectively actuated. The first and the second conveyor roller pairs are interlocked with each other, and adapted to be started after the first or second paper delivery mechanism has been actuated.

Abstract: A copying machine which develops an electrostatic latent image corresponding to an original image into a toner image, transfers the toner image on the copying paper and fuses the toner image later on the copying paper by means of a heating and fusing device, detects types of copying papers to be transferred by the toner image and when the copying paper is large in size, a fixed standstill time is arranged between the scanning and exposing operation of an original and a restoring operation to a home position is made and a fusing operation is prevented without fail when a temperature of the heating and fusing device drops below a fusing temperature.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying apparatus having a semiautomatic document supplying and discharging device and a sorter in addition to its main body. The main body of the apparatus comprises a rotatable photosensitive member, means for forming a latent electrostatic image on the photosensitive member, developing means, transfer means, means for conveying a copying paper, cleaning means and a heat fixing device. Various improvements have been made in the manner of controlling cleaning, the manner of controlling the delivery of a copying paper, the manner of controlling troubleshooting and display, the manner of controlling interrupting copying, the manner of controlling heating, the manner of distribution electric power, etc.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying apparatus having a semiautomatic document supplying and discharging device and a sorter in addition to its main body. The main body of the apparatus includes a rotatable photosensitive member, a device for forming a latent electrostatic image on the photosensitive member, a developer, a transfer device, a device for conveying a copying paper, a cleaner and a heat fixing device. Various improvements have been made in the manner of controlling cleaning, the manner of controlling the delivery of a copying paper, the manner of controlling troubleshooting and display, the manner of controlling interrupting copying, the manner of controlling heating, the manner of distribution electric power, etc. The heating is controlled by a parallel network of linear circuits including a temperature detector and a multi-element voltage dividing circuit, the elements of which can be switched into and out of operation to alter the sensed temperature to which the network responds.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying apparatus having a semiautomatic document supplying and discharging device and a sorter in addition to its main body. The main body of the apparatus includes a rotatable photosensitive member, a device for forming a latent electrostatic image on the photosensitive member, a developer, a transfer device, a device for conveying a copying paper, a cleaner and a heat fixing device. Various improvements have been made in the manner of controlling cleaning, the manner of controlling the delivery of a copying paper, the manner of controlling troubleshooting and display, the manner of controlling interrupting copying, the manner of controlling heating, the manner of distribution electric power, etc. A heat fixing device includes an electrical heater having a heat controller for controlling energization and deenergization of the heater on the basis of detected temperature.

Abstract: A paper feeder equipped with copying paper cassettes comprises a cassette-receiving section within the housing of a copying apparatus for mounting thereon a plurality of copying paper cassettes containing sheets of copying paper having different sizes. Each of the paper cassettes includes a main body for holding paper sheets which has an opening formed at the forward end portion of its bottom wall and a bottom plate for placing paper sheets thereon which is mounted on the bottom wall of the main body of the cassette so that it can freely pivot about its rear end portion as a fulcrum. The housing of the coyping apparatus has provided therein a press-contacting mechanism adapted to act on the bottom plate of the cassette through the opening in the main cassette body.

Abstract: A copying machine with a variable magnification device comprising two paper cassettes mounted in a drawable manner in vertically spaced relation and a select key for the paper cassettes, wherein the desired cassette can be selected as a source of the copying paper by operating the select key. The upper paper cassette is provided with the copying paper for variable magnification copying, and the upper cassette is automatically selected as the paper source when a detector indicates that the variable magnification copying mode has been selected.

Abstract: A cleaning device for use with transfer type electrostatic copying machines wherein a wiping assembly disposed upstream of a charging-purpose corona discharger along the direction of travel of a photoreceptor is brought into slide contact with the photoreceptor during exposure to intercept residual toner particles on the photoreceptor. The wiping assembly comprises upstream and downstream members adapted to be brought into slide contact with the photoreceptor, and a pressure setting assembly for applying individual preset pressures to the two members, the arrangement being such that some of the residual toner particles are intercepted by the upstream member and then the remainder are intercepted by the downstream member.

Abstract: An automatic developing bias control device for an electrophotographic copying machine in which a document image is led onto a photoreceptor through a lens to form an electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor and the electrostatic latent image is visualized into a toner image by a developing device, the automatic developing bias control device operating on the principle of detecting the density of the document image by a detecting element disposed inside or outside the optical path, delaying the output detection signal for a predetermined time, and imposing a developing bias potential corresponding to the delayed output detection signal on the developing device to thereby provide copy image quality faithful to the original.

Abstract: A power transmitting device especially suitable for use in photocopying machines includes a driving shaft and a driven shaft. When locking members on the respective shafts are axially disengaged from each other, the driven shaft and the driving shaft are rotatively displaced with respect to each other by a predetermined angle so that the locking members may be freely and positively locked when the driving shaft and driven shaft are axially reengaged.

Abstract: A cleaning device in an electrostatic copying apparatus, for removing residual toner particles from the surface of a photosensitive member adapted to move through an endless conveying passage, includes a blade holding mechanism mounted pivotally around an axis extending substantially parallel to the surface of the photosensitive member and substantially perpendicular to the moving direction of the photosensitive member, and a cleaning blade mounted on the blade holding mechanism. The cleaning device further includes a first spring elastically biasing the blade holding mechanism to a non-operating position in which the cleaning blade is away from the surface of the photosensitive member and an operating mechanism selectively positioning the blade holding mechanism against the elastic biasing action of the first spring to an operating position in which the cleaning blade is pressed against the surface of the photosensitive member.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying apparatus having a semiautomatic document supplying and discharging device and a sorter, in addition to its main body. The main body of the apparatus includes a rotatable photosensitive member, means for forming a latent electrostatic image on the photosensitive member, a developer, a transfer unit, a conveying unit for conveying a copying paper, a cleaner and a heat fixing device. Various improvements have been made in the manner of controlling cleaning, the manner of controlling the delivery of a copying paper, the manner of controlling troubleshooting and display, the manner of controlling interrupting of copying, the manner of controlling heating, and the manner of distributing electric power.

Abstract: A variable magnification electrostatic copying apparatus comprising a transparent plate on which to place a document to be copied, an optical system for projecting the image of the document onto an electrostatographic photosensitive member at any desired projecting ratio selected from a plurality of projecting ratios in an exposure zone located along the moving path of the photosensitive member, and a driving means for moving at least a part of the optical system and the transparent plate relative to each other. The optical system includes at least one position-variable optical element assembly adapted to be held at any of a plurality of positions corresponding to the aforesaid plurality of projecting ratios. The variable magnification electrostatic copying apparatus includes a unique improved means for varying the projecting ratio of the optical system by moving the position-variable optical element assembly.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying apparatus including a support frame having a front support wall and a rear support frame. The support frame is mounted on a housing slidably in the front and rear direction between an operating position within the housing and a pull-out position outside of the housing. A rotating drum and a developing device are mounted on the support frame. Each of the rear surface of the front support wall and the front surface of the rear support wall has a semicircular receiving portion with an open top, and each end of the rotating drum has a shaft bearing member with a circular peripheral surface. By inserting each bearing member into the associated receiving portion, the drum is rotatably mounted. The developing device has a front wall and a rear wall, with a projecting portion formed at the end of each. An abutting lower edge is defined on each projecting portion, and an abutting front edge is defined on each of the front wall and the rear wall, below the projecting portion.

Abstract: A paper guiding device in a copying apparatus includes, in opposition, a lower guide plate having a main flat portion and an upper guide plate having a main flat portion. A plurality of rising pieces, having top edges and being laterally spaced apart upon the upper side of the main flat portion of the lower guide plate, rise above the lower guide plate and extend in the direction of movement of the copying paper. A plurality of hanging pieces, having lower edges and are laterally spaced apart on the lower side of the main flat portion of the lower guide plate, hang from the upper guide plate and extend in the direction of movement of the copying paper. The top edges and the lower edges define a path of movement of the copying paper while having minimal contact with the paper.

Abstract: An apparatus for regulating the movement of a movable member includes a drive device for moving the movable member in a first direction from a rest position to an operative position and for moving the movable member in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, from the operative position toward the rest position. A first detector detects the presence of the movable member at the rest position. A second detector detects the presence of the movable member at a location adjacent the rest position but upstream thereof with respect to the second direction.

Abstract: A copying apparatus includes a sorter which is arranged to sort a plurality of copy paper sheets corresponding to a single original document, discharged from a main body of the copying apparatus, into a plurality of bins successively shifted to a paper discharge position by a shifting device. The copying apparatus includes a copy number preset key, a memory for memorizing a preset number of copies, a first counter for counting the number of copied paper sheets, a second counter for counting the number of discharged copy paper sheets, a device for stopping the copying operation when the counted value of the first counter agrees with the memorized preset number of copies, and a sort key for selecting a mode for sorting the copy paper sheets into the bins one sheet in each bin. An electrical circuit applies signals to the shifting device in order to change the moving direction of the bins when the counted value of the second counter agrees with the memorized preset number of copies in the sort mode.

Abstract: A transfer type electrostatic copying apparatus is disclosed in which the area of a photosensitive member cleaned by a cleaning device reaches an exposure zone simultaneously or prior to the arrival of a movable portion of an optical system or an original carrier at an exposure starting position from a home position thereof. This results in clear and definite copied images being obtained. At the earlier stage at which the movable portion of the optical system or the original carrier starts moving, the photosensitive member is subjected to the cleaning process, and then the exposure process is effected when the movable portion or the original carrier is running stably. Thus, the electrostatic latent image obtained by the exposure are clear and definite and free from undesirable blurs.

Abstract: An optical device in a variable magnification electrostatic copying apparatus includes a first reflecting mirror assembly mounted for reciprocal movement, a second reflecting mirror assembly mounted for reciprocal movement substantially parallel to the reciprocating direction of the first reflecting mirror assembly, and a speed-reduction interlocking mechanism for moving the second reflecting mirror assembly at a speed equal to one-half of the moving speed of the first reflecting mirror assembly, upon movement of the first reflecting mirror assembly. The optical device further includes a magnification setting mechanism for changing the relative position of the second reflecting mirror assembly with respect to the first reflecting mirror assembly according to a desired copying magnification.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying method of the transfer type which comprises repeatedly performing a copying cycle including an image-forming step of forming a latent electrostatic image on a photosensitive material moved through an endless moving path or a toner image obtained by developing it, a transfer step of transferring the latent electrostatic image or the toner image on the photosensitive material to a receptor member subsequent to the image-forming step, and a cleaning step of cleaning the photosensitive material subsequent to the transfer step.