Abstract: A broadcasting satellite receiving converter IC includes a switch circuit and a voltage generating source. Disposed in front of the broadcasting satellite receiving converter IC are two first amplifying circuits which amplify differently polarized BS signals, respectively, and a second amplifying circuit. The switch circuit receives, from a BS tuner, a DC voltage signal for controlling switching of polarized signals to be received, and detects the strength of the received DC voltage signal, thereby determining which of the first amplifying circuits to use. Depending on the strength of the DC voltage signal detected by the switch circuit, the voltage generating source supplies either the first amplifying circuits and the second amplifying circuit with positive and negative voltages through a plurality of terminals.

Abstract: Provided is a variable gain circuit in which it is not necessary to provide a plurality of phase compensation capacities while stability of a circuit is maintained regardless of a set variable gain. A variable gain circuit comprises a precedent stage amplifier circuit for amplifying an external input signal, a subsequent stage amplifier circuit for amplifying an output signal of the precedent stage amplifier circuit, a phase compensation circuit having a fixed capacitative element and connected between an output terminal and an input terminal of the subsequent stage amplifier circuit, and a gain setting circuit adapted to be capable of setting a gain value of the whole of the precedent stage amplifier circuit and the subsequent stage amplifier circuit to a plurality of values, wherein one of the gain value and a transconductance value of the precedent stage amplifier circuit can be set in conjunction with the other.

Abstract: A ramp voltage generation circuit suitable for an A/D converter preventing a variation in a digital value obtained by an A/D conversion operation. The circuit comprises a stabilization voltage source Vref, an operation amplifier AMP1 having a non-inversion input terminal receiving a voltage VREF from the Vref and an inversion input terminal connected to a switched capacitor equivalent resistance Req, and a transistor MNSF for conducting a current Ick to the Req based on an output voltage of the AMP1. Both ends of a conductive load Cint charged and discharged based on a current Iint2 generated by a current mirror of the Ick are connected to an output terminal and an inversion input terminal of an operation amplifier AMPint, a voltage of a stabilization voltage source Vc is applied to a non-inversion input terminal, and an output voltage of the AMPint is outputted to the outside as a ramp voltage.

Abstract: Provided is a variable gain circuit in which it is not necessary to provide a plurality of phase compensation capacities while stability of a circuit is maintained regardless of a set variable gain. A variable gain circuit comprises a precedent stage amplifier circuit for amplifying an external input signal, a subsequent stage amplifier circuit for amplifying an output signal of the precedent stage amplifier circuit, a phase compensation circuit having a fixed capacitative element and connected between an output terminal and an input terminal of the subsequent stage amplifier circuit, and a gain setting circuit adapted to be capable of setting a gain value of the whole of the precedent stage amplifier circuit and the subsequent stage amplifier circuit to a plurality of values, wherein one of the gain value and a transconductance value of the precedent stage amplifier circuit can be set in conjunction with the other.

Abstract: An A/D converter comprises a ramp voltage generation circuit, a voltage comparison circuit comprising an arithmetic unit comparing an analog voltage to be converted with a reference voltage showing the voltage change of a ramp voltage, and changing an output when the reference voltage equals the analog voltage, a counter counting and outputting a digital value corresponding to the reference voltage, a latch circuit latching and outputting the digital value when the output of the voltage comparison circuit changes, an averaging process circuit to obtain an average noise voltage, a target noise voltage setting circuit setting a target noise voltage, and a control circuit adjusting at least one of a counting start timing of the counter with respect to a control reference timing, or the criterion level of the reference voltage at the counting start timing, based on a difference between the average noise voltage and the target noise voltage.

Abstract: An A/D converter compares one or more analog voltages to be converted with a reference voltage given by a voltage change value of ramp voltage whose voltage value changes monotonically for a certain period or a voltage proportional to the voltage change value, converts each analog voltage to a digital value corresponding to the reference voltage, and outputs it, the A/D converter comprising an arithmetic unit for comparison between the analog voltage and reference voltage with respect to each analog voltage, the arithmetic unit having a first power supply line for receiving a power supply voltage, wherein the first power supply line is provided as another power supply line not affected by voltage fluctuation of a second power supply line for supplying a system power supply voltage by providing a MOS transistor whose gate terminal is connected to a stabilized voltage source between the first and second power supply lines.

Abstract: A ramp voltage generation circuit suitable for an A/D converter preventing a variation in a digital value obtained by an A/D conversion operation. The circuit comprises a stabilization voltage source Vref, an operation amplifier AMP1 having a non-inversion input terminal receiving a voltage VREF from the Vref and an inversion input terminal connected to a switched capacitor equivalent resistance Req, and a transistor MNSF for conducting a current Ick to the Req based on an output voltage of the AMP1. Both ends of a conductive load Cint charged and discharged based on a current Iint2 generated by a current mirror of the Ick are connected to an output terminal and an inversion input terminal of an operation amplifier AMPint, a voltage of a stabilization voltage source Vc is applied to a non-inversion input terminal, and an output voltage of the AMPint is outputted to the outside as a ramp voltage.

Abstract: An A/D converter comprises a ramp voltage generation circuit, a voltage comparison circuit comprising an arithmetic unit comparing an analog voltage to be converted with a reference voltage showing the voltage change of a ramp voltage, and changing an output when the reference voltage equals the analog voltage, a counter counting and outputting a digital value corresponding to the reference voltage, a latch circuit latching and outputting the digital value when the output of the voltage comparison circuit changes, an averaging process circuit to obtain an average noise voltage, a target noise voltage setting circuit setting a target noise voltage, and a control circuit adjusting at least one of a counting start timing of the counter with respect to a control reference timing, or the criterion level of the reference voltage at the counting start timing, based on a difference between the average noise voltage and the target noise voltage.

Abstract: An A/D converter compares one or more analog voltages to be converted with a reference voltage given by a voltage change value of ramp voltage whose voltage value changes monotonically for a certain period or a voltage proportional to the voltage change value, converts each analog voltage to a digital value corresponding to the reference voltage, and outputs it, the A/D converter comprising an arithmetic unit for comparison between the analog voltage and reference voltage with respect to each analog voltage, the arithmetic unit having a first power supply line for receiving a power supply voltage, wherein the first power supply line is provided as another power supply line not affected by voltage fluctuation of a second power supply line for supplying a system power supply voltage by providing a MOS transistor whose gate terminal is connected to a stabilized voltage source between the first and second power supply lines.

Abstract: There are disclosed an ink-jet recording material which comprises a water resistant support, an ink-receptive layer containing inorganic fine particles having an average particle size of a primary particle of 3 to 30 nm on one surface of the support, and a back coating layer mainly comprising an organic polymer provided on an opposite surface of the support to the surface on which the ink-receptive layer is provided, wherein when an arithmetical mean roughness Ra measured with a cut off value of 0.8 mm regulated by JIS-B-0601-1994 of the surface on which the back coating layer has been provided of the water resistant support is made A &mgr;m, a density of the organic polymer in the back coating layer is made B g/cm3, and an amount of a solid component of the organic polymer provided as the back coating layer is made C g/cm2, then A is 1 to 5 &mgr;m and A, B and C satisfy the following formula (I): 0.6×A<C/B<6  (I) a recording method and a recorded material using the same.

Abstract: There are disclosed an ink-jet recording material which comprises a water resistant support, an ink-receptive layer containing inorganic fine particles having an average particle size of a primary particle of 3 to 30 nm on one surface of the support, and a back coating layer mainly comprising an organic polymer provided on an opposite surface of the support to the surface on which the ink-receptive layer is provided, wherein when an arithmetical mean roughness Ra measured with a cut off value of 0.

Abstract: An air inlet pipe 4 connected to an air cleaner 2 of an engine room is extended in such a manner as it surrounds a drain hole 8 arranged at the bottom of air cleaner 2. The body of the air inlet pipe 4 is connected to the air cleaner 2. Since the air inlet pipe 4 surrounds the outside space of the drain hole 8 like a barrier, water or snow entering the engine room cannot reach the drain hole 8. Even if the number of engine rotations and negative pressure are increased, the water and snow are not sucked into drain hole 8 and the suction passage is secured.

Abstract: There is disclosed a fuel supply system having a fuel delivery pipe for distributing fuels to injectors of cylinders. This system further includes an inner pipe fixedly inserted into the delivery pipe to constitute part of a fuel passageway, the inner pipe having a length approximate to the delivery pipe. Fuel feed and feedback pipes close to each other are connected to a proximal portion of the fuel passageway consisting of the delivery pipe and the inner pipe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cyclohexanone derivatives represented by general formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an acetyl group. The cyclohexanone derivatives are important intermediates for producing isoquinoline derivatives which are useful as drugs, especially for heart drugs.

Abstract: An isoquinoline derivative of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a methyl or a methoxymethyl group and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each a hydrogen atom or a methyl, ethyl, methoxy, a cyclohexyl, a phenyl, a 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl, a pyridyl or an oxo (.dbd.O) group;and therapeutically acceptable salts thereof which exhibit a low toxicity and a wide range of safety and are highly useful as a cardiotonic medication.

Abstract: The isoquinoline derivatives represented by the following general formula (I) are useful as cardiotonics having high cardiotonic activity and low toxicity: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 represents a lower C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group or cyclopropyl group,R.sub.2 represents formyl group, lower C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanoyl group and benzoyl group, lower C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, lower C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkenyl group, lower C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydroxy substituted alkyl group, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 perfluoroalkyl group andR.sub.3 represents 4-pyridyl group or 2-pyridyl group respectively,and the therapeutically acceptable salts thereof are also useful as cardiotonics.

Abstract: Isoquinoline derivatives represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a nitro or acetyl group, and R.sub.2 denotes a hydrogen atom, or a methyl, methoxy, phenyl, 4-pyridyl or 2-pyridyl group, and therapeutically acceptable salts thereof have high cardiotonic activity and low toxicity.

Abstract: A laser machining apparatus includes an optical resonator for generating a laser beam and two polarizers disposed in the form of a V within the optical resonator to linearly polarize the laser beam. The linearly polarized laser beam is focussed on a workpiece for cutting purposes while the workpiece is moved in two orthogonal directions. The polarizers are rotated about the optical axis of the laser beam in correspondence with the two dimensional movement of the workpiece to rotate a plane of polarization of the beam to coincide with a cutting direction of the beam. Alternatively, a linearly polarized laser beam from a laser oscillator is circularly polarized with a quarter wave plate and then linearly polarized by a rotatable quarter wave plate to form a cutting beam. The rotatable quarter wave plate is rotated in the same manner as the polarizers to rotate a plane of polarization of the cutting beam.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning windows and the like characterized by a housing containing a nozzle for injecting a cleaning solution and a brush being movable under contacting relation with the surface to be cleaned, wherein the end of the housing facing the surface to be cleaned is open to form an aperture and the aperture is closeable by a movable edge of the housing. A wiper is disposed on the movable edge of the housing, being operated through an interlocking mechanism for moving the brush toward and away from the surface to be cleaned, whereby in the case of withdrawing the brush, the aperture of the housing is automatically closed so that the wiper may be fully utilized.