Abstract: A substitute for edible oil and fat, which contains fine particles having an average particle size of 250 microns or less and a surface hydrophobic degree of 35 g or less as the oil absorption measured by the oil absorption assay method of JIS K6223, as well as a food containing the substitute for edible oil and fat. The substitute for edible oil and fat renders possible achievement of low oil content and low calorie of food mainly including bakery products.

Abstract: A cereal flour dough sheet-derived food, which contains a cereal material-derived water-soluble fraction in a portion of food where deterioration of palatability in texture occurs, said fraction having an equilibrium moisture content of from 10% by weight to 80% by weight at 25° C. and a glass transition moisture of from 1% by weight to 30% by weight at 25° C., and said fraction being contained in an amount of from 0.2% by weight to 50% by weight calculated as the solid content based on the total solid content of said portion. It is possible to provide edible substances capable of effectively inhibiting deterioration of palatability of food which occurs due, for example, to the reduction of moisture during preservation and/or cooking of processed food products and food materials containing various cereal flours, particularly cereal flour dough sheet-derived food products.

Abstract: A substitute for edible oil and fat, which contains fine particles having an average particle size of 250 microns or less and a surface hydrophobic degree of 35 g or less as the oil absorption measured by the oil absorption assay method of JIS K6223, as well as a food containing the substitute for edible oil and fat. The substitute for edible oil and fat renders possible achievement of low oil content and low calorie of food mainly including bakery products.

Abstract: Shaped bodies of dough are expanded under reduced pressure and then subsequently baked under heat, or are baked under heat while being expanded under reduced pressure. There is no substantial final fermentation.

Abstract: A transglutaminase catalyzing an acyl transfer reaction of a .gamma.-carboxyamide group of a glutamine residue in a peptide or protein chain in the absence of Ca.sup.2+.

Abstract: Shelf stable soybean curd which is stable for extended periods of time is prepared by reacting soy milk with a solidifying agent and a transglutaminase, which is not dependent on Ca.sup.+2 ions and which is capable of catalyzing the acyl rearrangement of .gamma.-carboxyamide in the glutamine residue of a peptide chain at a temperature not higher than 80.degree. C. to prepare a soybean curd, packing the thus prepared soybean curd in a heat-resistant container, and retorting the packaged soybean curd.