Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetic memory device includes a magnetoresistance effect element including a first magnetic layer having a variable magnetization direction, a second magnetic layer having a variable magnetization direction, a third magnetic layer having a fixed magnetization direction and a nonmagnetic layer, the first magnetic layer being provided between the second and third magnetic layers, and the nonmagnetic layer being provided between the first and third magnetic layers. The second magnetic layer has a superlattice structure in which first element layers and second element layers are alternately stacked. The first element is Co, and the second element is selected from Pt, Ni and Pd, and the second magnetic layer contains Cr as a third element.

Abstract: An disclosed image processing apparatus reproduces an input pixel expressed by a gray level through a printing process performed on a plurality of segmented regions of the input pixel, based on an output pattern. The image processing apparatus includes: a duplicator configured to duplicate the input pixel into at least two pixels; a storage configured to store a plurality of tables, each of the plurality of tables associating the gray level and an output pattern of one of the duplicated pixels, such that a plurality of output patterns exist with respect to each gray level; and a controller configured to control a plurality of output regions, based on the output pattern corresponding to the gray level of the input pixel in accordance with a table selected for each of the duplicated pixels, the plurality of output regions corresponding to the plurality of segmented regions of each of the duplicated pixels.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a serializer configured to convert parallel data into serial data and output the serial data; and a deserializer configured to convert the serial data output from the serializer into parallel data and output the parallel data. The serializer is configured to add first data used for detecting unique data in the parallel data before the unique data, add second data used for detecting the unique data after the unique data, and add third data whose length is variable to each of the first data and the second data.

Abstract: An disclosed image processing apparatus reproduces an input pixel expressed by a gray level through a printing process performed on a plurality of segmented regions of the input pixel, based on an output pattern. The image processing apparatus includes: a duplicator configured to duplicate the input pixel into at least two pixels; a storage configured to store a plurality of tables, each of the plurality of tables associating the gray level and an output pattern of one of the duplicated pixels, such that a plurality of output patterns exist with respect to each gray level; and a controller configured to control a plurality of output regions, based on the output pattern corresponding to the gray level of the input pixel in accordance with a table selected for each of the duplicated pixels, the plurality of output regions corresponding to the plurality of segmented regions of each of the duplicated pixels.

Abstract: An image formation apparatus for forming an image and test patterns. The image formation apparatus includes a storage unit that stores dither matrix data used to form the image and the test patterns; and an image formation unit that forms the test patterns based on the dither matrix data. A number of tones of the test patterns to be formed by the image formation unit is changed and the number of tones is determined based on a size of the dither matrix data and a number of bits per pixel within the dither matrix data.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a serializer configured to convert parallel data into serial data and output the serial data; and a deserializer configured to convert the serial data output from the serializer into parallel data and output the parallel data. The serializer is configured to add first data used for detecting unique data in the parallel data before the unique data, add second data used for detecting the unique data after the unique data, and add third data whose length is variable to each of the first data and the second data.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a serializer configured to convert parallel data into serial data and output the serial data; and a deserializer configured to convert the serial data output from the serializer into parallel data and output the parallel data. The serializer is configured to add first data used for detecting unique data in the parallel data before the unique data, add second data used for detecting the unique data after the unique data, and add third data whose length is variable to each of the first data and the second data.

Abstract: The invention is concerning the writing controlling apparatus that includes an acquiring unit configured to acquire a plurality of light amounts of a light source driven while changing an input current in non-effective scanning periods during which an image carrier is not irradiated with light from the light source, as a plurality of output results; a detecting unit configured to detect characteristics of the light source using the output results thus acquired; and a correcting unit configured to correct a current to be applied to the light source based on the characteristics thus detected.

Abstract: An image formation apparatus for forming an image and test patterns. The image formation apparatus includes a storage unit that stores dither matrix data used to form the image and the test patterns; and an image formation unit that forms the test patterns based on the dither matrix data. A number of tones of the test patterns to be formed by the image formation unit is changed and the number of tones is determined based on a size of the dither matrix data and a number of bits per pixel within the dither matrix data.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a serializer configured to convert parallel data into serial data and output the serial data; and a deserializer configured to convert the serial data output from the serializer into parallel data and output the parallel data. The serializer is configured to add first data used for detecting unique data in the parallel data before the unique data, add second data used for detecting the unique data after the unique data, and add third data whose length is variable to each of the first data and the second data.

Abstract: The invention is concerning the writing controlling apparatus that includes an acquiring unit configured to acquire a plurality of light amounts of a light source driven while changing an input current in non-effective scanning periods during which an image carrier is not irradiated with light from the light source, as a plurality of output results; a detecting unit configured to detect characteristics of the light source using the output results thus acquired; and a correcting unit configured to correct a current to be applied to the light source based on the characteristics thus detected.

Abstract: One digital copying machine is set as a parent machine and other copying machines are set as child machines. When documents are set both on an ADF of the parent machine and on an ADF of at least one child machine, a CPU of the parent machine performs two types of controls in parallel. In the first control, the ADF of the parent machine automatically feeds each of the original documents, the scanner of the parent machine reads images, and MEM-C or HDD of the parent machine stores the images. In the second control, the ADF of the child machine automatically feeds each of the original documents, the scanner of the child machine reads images, IEEE1394 1/F of the child machine transfers the images to the parent machine, and the MEM-C or the HDD of the parent machine stores the images.

Abstract: A receiving unit wirelessly receives a packet communication signal. When receiving a packet included in the packet communication signal is failed, a requesting unit issues a retransmission request for retransmitting the packet. A storing unit stores therein packets included in packet communication signals received before and after issuing the retransmission request. A setting unit sets an order of transferring the packets stored in the storing unit to a control unit in an order of receiving the packets without a fail. A transferring unit transfers the packets stored in the storing unit to the control unit in the order set by the setting unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including a deflector including a rotational axis and at least two-staged polygon mirrors circumferentially located on the rotational axis at shifted angles in a rotational direction thereof, to reflect a light beam entering each of the polygon mirrors while deflecting the light beam to scan plural image bearers; a divider to divide the light beam from a light source into at least two light beams to enter the polygon mirrors at different stages, respectively; a light receiver to detect the light beam reflected from the deflector; a detector to detect timings of the two-staged polygon mirrors to scan, based on a light beam detection interval detected by the light receiver; and alight shutter to shut a light beam entering an unused image bearer among the plural image bearers during a period when the light source lights up before the detector detects the timings.

Abstract: A receiving unit wirelessly receives a packet communication signal. When receiving a packet included in the packet communication signal is failed, a requesting unit issues a retransmission request for retransmitting the packet. A storing unit stores therein packets included in packet communication signals received before and after issuing the retransmission request. A setting unit sets an order of transferring the packets stored in the storing unit to a control unit in an order of receiving the packets without a fail. A transferring unit transfers the packets stored in the storing unit to the control unit in the order set by the setting unit.

Abstract: One digital copying machine is set as a parent machine and other copying machines are set as child machines. When documents are set both on an ADF of the parent machine and on an ADF of at least one child machine, a CPU of the parent machine performs two types of controls in parallel. In the first control, the ADF of the parent machine automatically feeds each of the original documents, the scanner of the parent machine reads images, and MEM-C or HDD of the parent machine stores the images. In the second control, the ADF of the child machine automatically feeds each of the original documents, the scanner of the child machine reads images, IEEE1394 1/F of the child machine transfers the images to the parent machine, and the MEM-C or the HDD of the parent machine stores the images.

Abstract: One digital copying machine is set as a parent machine and other copying machines are set as child machines. When documents are set both on an ADF of the parent machine and on an ADF of at least one child machine, a CPU of the parent machine performs two types of controls in parallel. In the first control, the ADF of the parent machine automatically feeds each of the original documents, the scanner of the parent machine reads images, and MEM-C or HDD of the parent machine stores the images. In the second control, the ADF of the child machine automatically feeds each of the original documents, the scanner of the child machine reads images, IEEE1394 1/F of the child machine transfers the images to the parent machine, and the MEM-C or the HDD of the parent machine stores the images.